基于28S rDNA C1-D2区的鳞盘虫科单殖吸虫系统学初步研究

首次利用核糖体28S rDNA C1-D2区序列对鳞盘虫科开展初步的系统学分析,探讨鳞盘虫科各亚科是否成立及其相互关系,并考察鳞盘虫属的单系性问题.结果表明:1)寄生在黄姑鱼Nibea albiflora上的Sinodiplectanotrema属虫种与鳞盘虫科虫种表现出较近的亲缘关系,因虫种后吸器不具鳞盘,故应纳入鳞盘虫科4亚科之一的Murraytrematoidinae亚科;2)本研究不支持Murraytrematoidinae亚科的单系性,并支持Doumingous(2004)废除Murraytrematoidinae亚科并将其中的Lobotrema和Murraytrema二属归入Diplectaninae亚科这一做法;3)对于Doumingous(2004)所提议的新Diplectaninae亚科是否为单系群需进一步探讨;4)本研究支持Lamellodiscinae亚科的单系性;5)7种鳞盘虫属虫种的分析结果显示鳞盘虫属具有明显的非单系性.今后需要将形态学分析和分子系统学分析结合起来,通过分析更多的虫种,才有可能理解鳞盘虫属及鳞盘虫科其它种类的适应辐射问题.     

产薯蓣皂甙华重楼内生菌的筛选与鉴定

从华重楼(Paris polyphylla chinensis Franch)的地下块茎中分离出107株内生菌,经TLC筛选检测,菌株RZ03和RZ07可产生薯蓣皂甙。进行了形态和生理生化鉴定并将菌株的16S rDNA序列分别与用BLAST调出GenBank EMBL DDBJ中的相关序列比较,用ClustalW绘制系统发育树,RZ03与DQ019167(Exiguobac-terium acetylicum)同源性为99%,鉴定为Exiguobacterium acetylicum,RZ03、RZ07与DQ207730(Bacillus subtilis)序列同源性为99%,初步鉴定为Bacillus subtilisRZ07。     

长沙走马楼东吴竹简蚀斑微生物的研究

竹简为我国古代早期文字记录的一种重要载体。湖南长沙竹简博物馆珍藏了一大批走马楼出土的三国时期东吴竹简,具有极为重要的史料价值。以吴简为材料,从竹简中分离微生物,获得10株细菌纯培养,并对这些分离菌株进行多相分类学鉴定。根据其培养特征、生理生化特性、细胞脂肪酸组份的测定以及部份菌株16S rRNA基因序列分析,将10个菌株划归为4个属。这些菌株可作为进一步探讨竹制品文物的微生物腐蚀提供有价值的材料。     

DNA指纹图谱技术在土壤微生物多样性研究中的应用

土壤中的微生物多样性是十分丰富的,传统培养方法对土壤微生物多样性的研究有很大局限性。近年来,各种基于16S rDNA基因的指纹图谱分析技术取得了长足的进步,并广泛应用于土壤微生物多样性的研究。这些技术主要有变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)/温度梯度凝胶电泳(TGGE)、单链构象多态性(SSCP)、随机引物扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)、限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)和扩增核糖体DNA限制性分析(ARDRA)等。对这些技术近年来在土壤微生物多样性研究领域的应用予以简短综述,并初步探讨未来几年土壤微生物分子生态学发展的方向。     

莫能菌素高产菌株的诱变与筛选

采用紫外线对现有生产菌株进行诱变处理,再运用筛选剂丙酸、丁酸等对其进行选育,得到高产菌株M-3-01。投入中试车间发酵罐中,发酵效价达到50560×103u.L-1,其发酵能力比出发菌株提高了26%。     

中国匍柄霉属分类研究Ⅲ：生于数科植物上的四个新种

报道匍柄霉属的四个新种：播娘蒿匍柄霉Stemphylium descurainiae、绣球匍柄霉Stemphylium hydrangeae、豌豆匍柄霉Stemphylium pisi和塔形匍柄霉Stemphylium turriforme。研究过的标本（干制培养物）及活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

利用转座系统在葡糖杆菌中表达山梨糖脱氢酶

目的：利用Mini—Tn5转座系统在葡糖杆菌中表达山梨糖脱氢酶（SDH）。方法：分离得到从山梨醇产糖的快生型小菌Y25K2,利用PCR方法扩增并分析快生型小菌的16SrDNA;构建pUT-mini—Tn5-Tet转座载体,将SDH基因（sdh）插入该载体,利用接合转移,将sdh整合至快生型小菌Y25K2的染色体,通过Western印迹检测SDH的表达。结果：16SrDNA鉴定结果初步表明快生型小菌为葡糖杆菌;构建得到pUT-mini—Tn5-Tet-sdh,将sdh整合至快生型菌Y25K2基因组,并检测到其在快生型小菌Y25K2中的表达。结论：利用Mini—Tn5转座系统在葡糖杆菌中表达了山梨糖脱氢酶。     

Beneficial effects of dithiothreitol on relative levels of glutathione S-transferase activity and thiols in oocytes, and cell number, DNA fragmentation and allocation at the blastocyst stage in the mouse

We analyzed the effect of in vitro aging of mouse oocytes in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT) on relative levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and thiols in oocytes, and cell number, DNA fragmentation and cellular allocation to the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) lineage at the blastocyst stage. Ovulated oocytes from gonadotropin primed hybrid female mice of 6-8 weeks of age were aged in vitro in the presence of 0, 5, 50, or 500 microM DTT for 6 hr prior to insemination. Relative levels of GST activity and thiols in oocytes were determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy, DNA fragmentation using a single-step TUNEL method, and cell allocation to the ICM and TE lineage by blastocyst staining with propidium iodide and Hoechst 33258. Non-aged oocytes exhibited higher relative levels of GST activity and thiols when compared to oocytes aged in the presence of 0, 5, and 50 microM DTT. Day 5 blastocysts from the 5, 50, and 500 microM DTT groups exhibited higher total number of cells, number of ICM cells, and ICM/TE ratio, but lower percentage of number of nuclei with DNA fragmentation/number of ICM cells than blastocyst from the 0 microM DTT group. These data show that DTT counteracts the negative effects of a post-ovulatory aging of mouse oocytes in vitro on relative levels of GST activity and thiols in oocytes, and percentage of number of nuclei with DNA fragmentation/number of ICM cells, total number of cells, number of ICM cells and ICM/TE ratio in Day 5 blastocysts.     

High-level expression and purification of the human bradykinin B(2) receptor in a tetracycline-inducible stable HEK293S cell line

The B(2) bradykinin receptor belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor family. Development of new drugs for this important therapeutic target requires structural information on the receptor. The main goal of the present work was to overexpress the human B(2) receptor for future biophysical studies. Different tagged B(2) receptors were engineered and their properties were evaluated by transient expression in HEK293S cells. A B(2) receptor tagged with a hexahistidine at the N-terminus and a nonapeptide at the C-terminus was selected for high expression level and preserved ligand-binding characteristics. First, we generated a HEK293S stable cell line expressing the receptor constitutively at a level of 60pmol/mg of crude membrane protein. However, the decrease of expression level with cell passages led us to express the B(2) receptor in a HEK293S tetracycline-inducible stable cell line. Induction of expression of the B(2) receptor with tetracycline and sodium butyrate led to a level of 100pmol/mg of membrane protein, which is the highest level reported so far for this receptor. The expression level was stable with cell passages and the ligand-binding and signal transduction properties of the receptor were unaltered. The receptor was purified to near homogeneity by solubilization with n-dodecyl-beta-d-maltoside followed by a two-step purification procedure combining hydroxyapatite and immunoaffinity chromatography. Although the purified receptor is not functional, the purification of the B(2) receptor to near homogeneity from a stable cell line overexpressing this receptor pave the way for future structural studies of this receptor.     

A new tagging system for production of recombinant proteins in Drosophila S2 cells using the third domain of the urokinase receptor

The use of protein fusion tag technology greatly facilitates detection, expression and purification of recombinant proteins, and the demands for new and more effective systems are therefore expanding. We have used a soluble truncated form of the third domain of the urokinase receptor as a convenient C-terminal fusion partner for various recombinant extracellular human proteins used in basic cancer research. The stability of this cystein-rich domain, which structure adopts a three-finger fold, provides an important asset for its applicability as a fusion tag for expression of recombinant proteins. Up to 20mg of intact fusion protein were expressed by stably transfected Drosophila S2 cells per liter of culture using this strategy. Purification of these secreted fusion proteins from the conditioned serum free medium of S2 cells was accompanied by an efficient one-step immunoaffinity chromatography procedure using the immobilized anti-uPAR monoclonal antibody R2. An optional enterokinase cleavage site is included between the various recombinant proteins and the linker region of the tag, which enables generation of highly pure preparations of tag-free recombinant proteins. Using this system we successfully produced soluble and intact recombinant forms of extracellular proteins such as CD59, C4.4A and vitronectin, as well as a number of truncated domain constructs of these proteins. In conclusion, the present tagging system offers a convenient general method for the robust expression and efficient purification of a variety of recombinant proteins.