全文获取类型
收费全文 | 288篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 13篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 14篇 |
2013年 | 24篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 8篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 11篇 |
2007年 | 10篇 |
2006年 | 15篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 12篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有325条查询结果,搜索用时 38 毫秒
21.
Effects of temperature on phyllody expression and cytokinin content in floral organs of rose flowers
Formation of leaf-like organs known as phylloids in Rosahybrida cv. Motrea flowers was promoted by exposure of plants toelevated temperatures. At a day/night temperature regime of26°C/21°C respectively theproportion of malformed flowers exhibiting phyllody was four times higher thanthat in flowers of plants grown at21°C/15°C. The number ofpetals in phyllody-expressing flowers was higher than that in normal flowers.The total content of endogenous cytokinins in young flower buds of plantsexposed to the lower temperature was six times higher than that at the highertemperatures. The effects of the reduced temperature were pronounced on all thegroups of cytokinins examined. However, the proportion of the various cytokiningroups remained similar at both temperature regimes. In contrast to thecytokinins in the flower buds, the content of all cytokinin types in youngleaves increased following exposure to the higher temperature and was reducedbythe lower temperatures. After 11 weeks at the lower temperature, about18% of the flowers remained malformed, whereas at the higher temperatureabout 20% of the flowers still remained normal. All thephyllody-exhibiting flowers were formed on vigorously grown basal shootscharacteristic to Rosa hybrida plants, whereas the normalflowers at the elevated temperatures were formed on lateral shoots which weremost distal to the plant base. However, irrespective of the season, thepresenceof normal and malformed flowers was observed on plants kept growing at standardconditions of 30°C/17°C inthegreenhouse. This phenomenon led us to examine the cytokinins in floral organsofnormal and malformed cv. Motrea flowers grown in the greenhouse as well as inflowers of a complete rose mutant known as a 'Green Rose(Rosa chinensis viridiflora). The highest content ofcytokinins was found in the pistils and stamens of normal 'Motreaflowers. On the other hand, the content of cytokinins in leaf-like style-tubesin the malformed flowers as well as in partially malformed ovaries at the baseof phylloids was significantly lower. A low content of cytokinins was alsopresent in petals of both normal and phyllody-exhibiting flowers and the lowestcontent has been found in the phylloids of the 'Green Rose. Apossibility of mutant deviations in metabolism of cytokinins in rose plants isdiscussed. 相似文献
22.
Crespel L Gudin S Meynet J Zhang D 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(2-3):451-456
Two dihaploid Rosa hybrida L. genotypes, derived through parthenogenesis by using irradiated pollen, were crossed with clonally propagated plants of
the diploid species Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Rosa wichuraiana Crép., respectively. Three progeny groups were obtained which contained numerous polyploids, as determined by flow cytometry.
Production of fertile 2n female gametes is apparently very common in one of these R. hybrida dihaploid derivatives, whereas the other one is able to produce fertile 2n pollen. Hence, an amplified fragment length polymorphism
(AFLP) study was performed on the parental plants and the resulting hybrid offspring in order to estimate (1) the respective
genomic parental contributions, and (2) the level of heterozygosity transmitted by the 2n unreduced gametes. Comparison of
the levels of transmitted parental heterozygosity revealed that two types of 2n gametes were produced simultaneously, presumably
resulting from restitution at the first and at the second meiotic division, respectively.
Received: 15 February 2001 / Accepted: 22 May 2001 相似文献
23.
Gas exchange and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence were measured on young mature leaves of rose plants (Rosa hybrida cvs. First Red and Twingo) grown in two near-to-tight greenhouses, one under control ambient CO2 concentration, AC (355 µmol mol–1) and one under CO2 enrichment, EC (700 µmol mol–1), during four flushes from late June to early November. Supply of water and mineral elements was non-limiting while temperature was allowed to rise freely during daytime. Leaf diffusive conductance was not significantly reduced at EC but net photosynthetic rate increased by more than 100 %. Although the concentration of total non-structural saccharides was substantially higher in the leaves from the greenhouse with EC, PS2 (quantum efficiency of radiation use) around noon was not significantly reduced at EC indicating that there was no down-regulation of electron transport. Moreover, CO2 enrichment did not cause any increase in the risk of photo-damage, as estimated by the 1 – qP parameter. Non-photochemical quenching was even higher in the greenhouse with EC during the two summer flushes, when temperature and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) were the highest. Hence rose photosynthesis benefits strongly from high concentrations of atmospheric CO2 at both high and moderate temperatures and PPFD. 相似文献
24.
Summary An NADH-specific oxidation reduction enzyme has been partially purified from rose cell microsomes by aqueous two-phase partitioning, ultracentrifugation, and ion-exchange chromatography, on the basis of the enzyme's ability to activate lucigenin chemiluminescence in the presence of NADH. The enzyme showed strong similarity to a plasma membrane NADH oxidase (superoxide synthase as assayed by lucigenin chemiluminescence; T. M. Murphy and C.-K. Auh, Plant Physiol. 110: 621–629, 1996) in its response to substrate, to Triton X-100, and to diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of mammalian neutrophil NADPH oxidase and other flavoenzymes. However, its fluorescence spectrum was not characteristic of flavins and instead was similar to that of pterins. Thus inhibition of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction by diphenylene iodonium does not necessarily imply that the reaction is catalyzed by NADPH oxidase or another flavoenzyme. Superoxide synthesis catalyzed by the enzyme preparation was very low but could be increased at least twofold by the addition of a quinone, menadione. This suggests the enzyme acting in conjunction with a natural quinone could produce activated oxygen species in stressed plant cells.Abbreviation DPI
diphenylene iodonium 相似文献
25.
Expression of a chitinase transgene in rose (Rosa hybrida L.) reduces development of blackspot disease (Diplocarpon rosae Wolf) 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Marchant Robert Davey Michael R. Lucas John A. Lamb Chris J. Dixon Richard A. Power J. Brian 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》1998,4(3):187-194
Blackspot, caused by the Ascomycete fungus Diplocarpon rosae, is the most widespread and pernicious disease of cultivated roses. While some species of rose possess resistance to D. rosae, none of the modern-day rose cultivars are fully resistant to the pathogen. In the current study, Biolistic gene delivery was used to introduce a rice gene, encoding a basic (Class I), chitinase into embryogenic callus of the blackspot-susceptible rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cv. Glad Tidings. The plasmid used for transformation carried the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) gene facilitating the selection and regeneration of transgenic plants on medium containing 250 mg/l kanamycin. Southern analysis confirmed integration of 2–6 copies of the chitinase gene into the rose genome; gene expression was confirmed by enzyme assay. Bioassays demonstrated that expression of the chitinase transgene reduced the severity of blackspot development by 13–43%. This degree of resistance to the pathogen correlated with the level of chitinase expression in the transgenic rose plants. The introduction of disease defence genes into rose provides a method of producing blackspot-resistant rose cultivars sought by breeders and growers. 相似文献
26.
Chromosome doubling was induced in vitro in a diploid hybrid of Rosa rugosa Thunb. using oryzalin as the spindle inhibitor. Nodal sections, 2 mm long, were exposed to 2.5 or 5 μM oryzalin and 10 mm
nodal sections were exposed to 5 μM oryzalin for 0 (controls), 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The ploidy of the emergent shoots was determined
by flow cytometry. The frequency of tetraploid and mixoploid leaves that developed from 2 mm nodal sections exposed to 5 μM
oryzalin peaked at 12 h exposure, when 35% of the leaves were tetraploid, but fell after longer exposures. Fewer tetraploid
and mixoploid leaves were found when 2 mm nodes were exposed to 2.5 μM oryzalin for 6 and 12 h, indicating that it took longer
for a spindle inhibiting concentration of oryzalin to build up in the meristem. However, the frequencies of tetraploid and
mixoploid leaves continued to rise after 12 h and were highest at 48 h, when 44% were tetraploid. In treatments with 5 μM
oryzalin, the frequencies of tetraploid and mixoploid leaves were lower, at equivalent exposure times, in 10 mm nodes than
2 mm nodes. This suggests that oryzalin diffused to the meristem mainly via the cut surfaces and that access via the epidermis
and cuticle was impeded. 相似文献
27.
Masato Ohtsuka Hiromi Miura Keiji Mochida Michiko Hirose Ayumi Hasegawa Atsuo Ogura Ryuta Mizutani Minoru Kimura Ayako Isotani Masahito Ikawa Masahiro Sato Channabasavaiah B Gurumurthy 《BMC genomics》2015,16(1)
Background
The pronuclear injection (PI) is the simplest and widely used method to generate transgenic (Tg) mice. Unfortunately, PI-based Tg mice show uncertain transgene expression due to random transgene insertion in the genome, usually with multiple copies. Thus, typically at least three or more Tg lines are produced by injecting over 200 zygotes and the best line/s among them are selected through laborious screening steps. Recently, we developed technologies using Cre-loxP system that allow targeted insertion of single-copy transgene into a predetermined locus through PI. We termed the method as PI-based Targeted Transgenesis (PITT). A similar method using PhiC31-attP/B system was reported subsequently.Results
Here, we developed an improved-PITT (i-PITT) method by combining Cre-loxP, PhiC31-attP/B and FLP-FRT systems directly under C57BL/6N inbred strain, unlike the mixed strain used in previous reports. The targeted Tg efficiency in the i-PITT typically ranged from 10 to 30%, with 47 and 62% in two of the sessions, which is by-far the best Tg rate reported. Furthermore, the system could generate multiple Tg mice simultaneously. We demonstrate that injection of up to three different Tg cassettes in a single injection session into as less as 181 zygotes resulted in production of all three separate Tg DNA containing targeted Tg mice.Conclusions
The i-PITT system offers several advantages compared to previous methods: multiplexing capability (i-PITT is the only targeted-transgenic method that is proven to generate multiple different transgenic lines simultaneously), very high efficiency of targeted-transgenesis (up to 62%), significantly reduces animal numbers in mouse-transgenesis and the system is developed under C57BL/6N strain, the most commonly used pure genetic background. Further, the i-PITT system is freely accessible to scientific community.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1432-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献28.
Johannes Kollmann Kasper Brink‐Jensen Sally I. Frandsen Mille K. Hansen 《Restoration Ecology》2011,19(3):371-378
Invasive alien plants are a problem for conservation management, and control of these species can be combined with habitat restoration. Subsoil burial of uprooted plants is a new method of mechanical control, which might be suitable in disturbed habitats. The method was tested in Rosa rugosa (Japanese Rose), an invasive shrub in north‐western Europe with negative effects on coastal biodiversity. Two months after uprooting and burial in dunes of north‐eastern Denmark, 89% of the 58 shrubs resprouted from roots and rhizomes; on average 41 resprouts per shrub. Resprout density was twice as high at former shrub margins compared with the center; resprouts were taller and originated from more superficial soil layers at the margin than in the center. Resprouting was negatively correlated with fragment depth, and no resprouts were observed from greater than 15 cm depth. The number of resprouts increased with fragment dry mass (0.5–168.5 g). After 18 months with harrowing the species was still resprouting, flowering, and fruiting, albeit with no difference between shrub margin and center. Resprouts were taller (26 cm) and coverage was higher (0–4%) after two compared with three times harrowing, whereas no difference was found in cover of native dune species (1–5%). The results show that even small fragments of R. rugosa resprout, and that resprouting persists despite repeated harrowing. Thus, careful subsoil burial of all fragments is necessary, special attention should be paid to the shrub margin, and follow‐up treatments are needed. The effectiveness of the burial method is discussed for restoration of coastal dunes. 相似文献
29.
30.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differential responses of flower opening to ethylene in two cut rose cultivars,
‘Samantha’, whose opening process is promoted, and ‘Kardinal’, whose opening process is inhibited by ethylene. Ethylene production
and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and oxidase activities were determined first. After ethylene treatment,
ethylene production, ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) activities in petals increased and peaked at the earlier stage
(stage 3) in ‘Samantha’, and they were much more dramatically enhanced and peaked at the later stage (stage 4) in ‘Kardinal’
than control during vasing. cDNA fragments of three Rh-ACSs and one Rh-ACO genes were cloned and designated as Rh-ACS1, Rh-ACS2, Rh-ACS3 and Rh-ACO1 respectively. Northern blotting analysis revealed that, among three genes of ACS, ethylene-induced expression patterns of
Rh-ACS3 gene corresponded to ACS activity and ethylene production in both cultivars. A more dramatic accumulation of Rh-ACS3 mRNA was induced by ethylene in ‘Kardinal’ than that of ‘Samantha’. As an ethylene action inhibitor, STS at concentration
of 0.2 mmol/L generally inhibited the expression of Rh-ACSs and Rh-ACO in both cultivars, although it induced the expression of Rh-ACS3 transiently in ‘Kardinal’. Our results suggests that ‘Kardinal’ is more sensitive to ethylene than ‘Samantha’; and the changes
of Rh-ACS3 expression caused by ethylene might be related to the acceleration of flower opening in ‘Samantha’ and the inhibition in
‘Kardinal’. Additional results indicated that three Rh-ACSs genes were differentially associated with flower opening and senescence as well as wounding. 相似文献