红色毛癣菌临床分离株的菌落形态和镜下结构特征再分析

目的探讨红色毛癣菌的菌落形态和镜下结构特征以及与感染部位的相关性。方法采用传统培养方法对192株红色毛癣菌进行表型分型,选取其中39株在28℃、30℃、35℃3种温度孵育6d、10d、14d时观察菌落形态和生长速度。结果192株红色毛癣菌共分离出3种表型：绒毛型、沟纹型、粉末型（或颗粒型）。在相同培养基上,28℃、30℃时菌落生长速度无显著差异（P〈0.05）,均快于35℃（P〈0.05）。在相同温度时,菌落在SDA上的生长速度快于PDA培养基。在28℃、30℃时菌落形态比较稳定,在35℃时变异较大。菌落在PDA培养基上产孢丰富,镜下显示有较多的大、小分生孢子,而在SDA培养基上只有少量的小分生孢子,几乎见不到大分生孢子。各种浅部感染均以绒毛型为主,绒毛型在手足癣中占比例最高,沟纹型在体股癣中所占比例较高,粉末型在甲癣中占的比例较高。结论红色毛癣菌的菌落形态与培养基和培养温度有关,其表型和镜下结构与感染部位均有一定的相关性。     

Below-ground respiratory responses of sugar maple and red maple saplings to atmospheric CO2 enrichment and elevated air temperature

The research described in this paper represents a part of a much broader research project with the general objective of describing the effects of elevated [CO2] and temperature on tree growth, physiological processes, and ecosystem-level processes. The specific objective of this research was to examine the below-ground respiratory responses of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and red maple (Acer rubrum L.) seedlings to elevated atmospheric [CO2] and temperature. Red maple and sugar maple seedlings were planted in the ground in each of 12 open-top chambers and exposed from 1994 through 1997 to ambient air or air enriched with 30 Pa CO2,< in combination with ambient or elevated (+4 °C) air temperatures. Carbon dioxide efflux was measured around the base of the seedlings and from root-exclusion zones at intervals during 1995 and 1996 and early 1997. The CO2 efflux rates averaged 0.4 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 in the root-exclusion zones and 0.75 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 around the base of the seedlings. Mineral soil respiration in root-exclusion zones averaged 12% higher in the high temperature treatments than at ambient temperature, but was not affected by CO2 treatments. The fraction of total efflux attributable to root + rhizosphere respiration ranged from 14 to 61% in measurements made around red maple plants, and from 35 to 62% around sugar maple plants. Root respiration rates ranged from 0 to 0.94 μmol CO2 s-1 m-2 of soil surface in red maple and from 0 to 1.02 in sugar maple. In both 1995 and 1996 root respiration rates of red maple were highest in high-CO2 treatments and lowest in high temperature treatments. Specific red maple root respiration rates of excised roots from near the soil surface in 1996 were also highest under CO2 enrichment and lowest in high temperature treatments. In sugar maple the highest rates of CO2 efflux were from around the base of plants exposed to both high temperature and high-CO2, even though specific respiration rates were< lowest for this species under the high temperature and CO2 enrichment regime. In both species, patterns of response to treatments were similar in root respiration and root mass, indicating that the root respiration responses were due in part to differences in root mass. The results underscore the need for separating the processes occurring in the roots from those in the forest floor and mineral soil in order to increase our understanding of the effects of global climate change on carbon sequestration and cycling in the below-ground systems of forests.     

1株致体股癣的颗粒型红色毛癣菌变种的形态学观察与基因鉴定

目的：探讨1株致体股癣的颗粒型红色毛癣菌变种的形态学特点及核糖体基因序列变化。方法1例体股癣患者皮损中分离出1株红色毛癣菌,观察形态学特点,并用PCR测定核糖体转录间区（ITS）、D1/D2区、非转录区基因序列（NTS区）内串联重复亚单位（TRS）。结果该菌株可产生鹿角形菌丝,大分生孢子有中空现象及单侧出芽产孢特征,可在42℃生长;ITS和D1/D2区基因测序鉴定为红色毛癣菌,但TRS-1和TRS-2基因序列分别有2个、1个碱基差异。结论该菌株可能是颗粒型红色毛癣菌的1个变种。     

赤散囊菌MAPKs超家族的鉴定及分析

本研究以赤散囊菌Eurotium rubrum全基因组序列为对象,利用HMMER软件构建隐马尔可夫模型（hidden markov models,HMM）结合BLAST的方法鉴定了促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK）超家族。通过构建系统发育树对鉴定蛋白进行分析,并利用MEME软件进行了保守性基序的预测及活性位点注释。分析结果表明,赤散囊菌基因组包含了4个MAPK蛋白,分别属于Hog1-type、MpkC-type、Slt2-type和Fus3/Kss1-type类型;3个MAPK kinase（MAPKK）蛋白,分别属于MKK1-type、Pbs2-type和Ste7-type类型;3个MAPK kinase kinase（MAPKKK）蛋白,分别属于BCK1-type、Ste11-type和Ssk22-type类型。保守性基序分析及注释结果表明,MAPKs超家族蛋白都包含了蛋白激酶活性位点“-D[L/I/V]K-”以及保守性的ATP-binding标签序列。MAPK与MAPKK蛋白分别包含了“-TxY-”和“-SD[I/V]WS-”磷酸化位点,且MAPK蛋白还包含一个保守性的common docking基序（CD motif）,而MAPKKK蛋白则包含了一个功能不明的保守性基序,其一致性序列为“-GTPYWMAPEV-”。研究结果为揭示MAPKs信号途径在赤散囊菌中参与调控的生物学过程奠定了基础。     

红花檵木品种资源的研究

通过全省范围的调查收集 ,建立了红花木的品种资源收集圃 ,开展了品种演化关系和遗传稳定性研究 ,利用二元分类方法 ,根据红花木的叶形、叶色、花期、花色及分枝特性等主要观赏特征 ,划分出嫩叶红、透骨红、双面红 3大类 15个型 4 1个品种     

红色毛癣菌和枝孢样枝孢霉混合感染导致银屑病患者甲真菌病1例

目的报道1例银屑病患者出现红色毛癣菌和枝孢样枝孢霉混合感染导致的甲真菌病。方法报告病例,对甲标本进行真菌镜检和培养,对病原菌进行形态学及分子生物学鉴定。结果该病例经临床、真菌镜检和真菌培养鉴定,确诊为红色毛癣菌和枝孢样枝孢霉导致的甲真菌病。病原菌通过菌落和显微镜下形态特征结合rRNA内转录间隔区序列分析证实。结论通过形态学及分子生物学鉴定,证实为真菌红色毛癣菌和枝孢样枝孢霉混合感染导致的甲真菌病。     

The reaction centre of the photounit of Rhodospirillum rubrum is anchored to the light-harvesting complex with four-fold rotational disorder

The minimal photounit of the photosynthetic membranes of the purple non-sulphur bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum, comprising the reaction centre and the light-harvesting complex has been purified and crystallised in two dimensions in the presence of added phospholipids, and subsequently visualised by electron microscopy after negatively-staining. The position of the reaction centres within the light-harvesting ring has been determined at low resolution by the application of a new analysis for rotationally disordered identical units (here the reaction centres) within a two-dimensional crystalline lattice comprised of perfectly aligned unit cells (here the light-harvesting complexes). The reaction centre was found to preferentially occupy one of four orientations within the light-harvesting complex. The light-harvesting complex appears to be distorted to C₄ symmetry, thus assuming a squarish shape when visualised by negative staining. A tentative structural model of the reaction centre-light-harvesting complex photounit which fits the experimental data is proposed.     

610例浅部致病真菌分析

目的了解本地区浅部真菌病的致病菌菌种的分布情况。方法用沙堡琼脂培养基分离培养浅部真菌病的致病菌,并分析各年份菌种分离结果。结果共分离出6种610株致病菌,其中红色毛癣菌居首位,念珠菌居第2位,红色毛癣菌和念珠菌的分离率随年份有明显变化。结论红色毛癣菌居患者浅部真菌病致病菌首位,念珠菌也是重要病原菌,且病原菌分离率随年份有明显变化。     

红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架对小鼠肝癌细胞生长的抑制效果

目的:通过构建H22荷瘤小鼠模型,观察红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架(Nocardia Rubra Cell Wall Skeleton,N-CWS)对H22荷瘤小鼠肝癌细胞生长的抑制效果。方法:复苏并培养H22细胞,将H22细胞以皮下方式接种到小鼠右侧腋部,建立H22荷瘤小鼠肝癌模型,随机分为对照组(生理盐水组)、低浓度N-CWS组(400μg/m L)与高浓度N-CWS组(800μg/m L),分别灌胃1次/d,共灌胃14 d,最长接种肿瘤15 d后处死小鼠,观察肝癌细胞的大小和重量。结果:治疗组小鼠肿瘤质量明显低于对照组(1.46±0.16)g,且高浓度组小鼠肿瘤质量(0.52±0.13)g明显低于低浓度组(0.79±0.13)g,组间对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在治疗第3 d起直至结束,治疗组小鼠肿瘤体积均明显低于对照组,从第5 d起直至结束,高浓度组小鼠肿瘤体积明显低于低浓度组(P0.05)。第5 d起至结束,治疗组小鼠肿瘤体积增长的变化明显缓于对照组(P0.05)。高浓度组小鼠肿瘤体积的增长在第5 d后明显缓于低浓度组(P0.05)。对照组在第9 d时,增长变化最为显著,较第7 d增加约400 mm3。低浓度组变化较稳定。高浓度组肿瘤增长明显变缓,第7 d后最为明显,后逐渐趋于缓和。结论:N-CWS可以明显抑制肿瘤生长,且高浓度N-CWS抑制肿瘤生长效果更佳。