国内护士工作满意度研究文献分析

目的：了解我国护士工作满意度的研究现状。方法：采用文献分析法对我国1997～2005年有关护士工作满意度研究的论文25篇进行分析。结果：近年来学者们愈加关注对护士工作满意度的研究,研究的角度各有不同,研究论文的质量也有所提高,但很多方面还存在不足。结论：国内关于护士工作满意度的研究尚集中在调查性研究层次,干预性研究还未充分开展,鉴于护士工作满意度对护士自身以及护理质量的重要影响,开展干预性研究势在必行。     

Identification and Characterization of a Misfolded Monomeric Serpin Formed at Physiological Temperature

The native serpin state is kinetically trapped. However, under mildly destabilizing conditions, the conformational landscape changes, and a number of nonnative conformations with increased stability can be readily formed. The ability to undergo structural change is due to intrinsic strain within the serpin's tertiary fold, which is utilized for proteinase inhibition but renders the protein susceptible to aberrant folding and self-association. The relationship between these various conformations is poorly understood. Antichymotrypsin (ACT) is an inhibitory serpin that readily forms a number of inactive conformations, induced via either environmental stress or interaction with proteinases. Here we have used a variety of biophysical and structural techniques to characterize the relationship between some of these conformations. Incubation of ACT at physiological temperature results in the formation of a range of conformations, including both polymer and misfolded monomer. The ability to populate these nonnative states and the native conformation reflects an energy landscape that is very sensitive to the solution conditions. X-ray crystallography reveals that the misfolded monomeric conformation is in the delta conformation. Further polymerization and seeding experiments show that the delta conformation is an end point in the misfolding pathway of ACT and not an on-pathway intermediate formed during polymerization. The observation that ACT readily forms this inactive conformation at physiological temperature and pH suggests that it may have a role in both health and disease.     

Supply and use of human tissue for research purposes: survey of BATB affiliated tissue banks

This paper describes a survey undertaken to identify the extent of supply and use of human tissue in research by BATB affiliated tissue banks. Approximately one third of tissue banks registered with the BATB are currently supplying samples that are found to be unsuitable for clinical use, for research. These banks all obtain consent for research and all supply tissue for in-house research. Some tissue is transferred to other public and commercial institutions. A harmonised network approach is proposed as the way forward to meet the increasing demand for human tissue in research.     

Mapping QTLs and candidate genes for iron and zinc concentrations in unpolished rice of Madhukar×Swarna RILs

Identifying QTLs/genes for iron and zinc in rice grains can help in biofortification programs. 168 F(7) RILs derived from Madhukar×Swarna were used to map QTLs for iron and zinc concentrations in unpolished rice grains. Iron ranged from 0.2 to 224ppm and zinc ranged from 0.4 to 104ppm. Genome wide mapping using 101 SSRs and 9 gene specific markers showed 5 QTLs on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 7 and 12 significantly linked to iron, zinc or both. In all, 14 QTLs were identified for these two traits. QTLs for iron were co-located with QTLs for zinc on chromosomes 7 and 12. In all, ten candidate genes known for iron and zinc homeostasis underlie 12 of the 14 QTLs. Another 6 candidate genes were close to QTLs on chromosomes 3, 5 and 7. Thus the high priority candidate genes for high Fe and Zn in seeds are OsYSL1 and OsMTP1 for iron, OsARD2, OsIRT1, OsNAS1, OsNAS2 for zinc and OsNAS3, OsNRAMP1, Heavy metal ion transport and APRT for both iron and zinc together based on our genetic mapping studies as these genes strictly underlie QTLs. Several elite lines with high Fe, high Zn and both were identified.     

Promoting RRI and active citizenship in an inquiry-based controversial socio-scientific issue: the case of cholesterol regulation with statins

ABSTRACT

Science education is an important dimension of the European Commission’s Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) objectives; however, RRI is not an explicit focus of biology teaching and few biology teachers have experience in integrating RRI in classroom practice. This study examines the impact of a three 80-minute RRI and active citizenship module on 11th grade biology students, based on the SSIBL pedagogical framework. A representative national sample of 11th grade biology students in Cyprus (n = 398) participated. A pre-post research design examined impact in relation to students’ conceptual understanding regarding cholesterol and its regulation, their understanding of the controversy about cholesterol regulation, awareness of RRI components, feeling of responsibility and willingness to act. Analyses indicated statistically significant gains in conceptual understanding and the understanding of the controversy about cholesterol regulation and awareness of RRI components, as well as in students’ socio-scientific accountability (feeling of responsibility and willingness to act). Conceptual understanding showed increased correlations with Controversy understanding and RRI understanding forming the three of them the cognitive elements of individuals understanding. All of the examined variables are deemed, as of great importance for the design, implementation and evaluation of innovative biology RRI and active citizenship modules.     

The challenges of implementing pathogen control strategies for fishes used in biomedical research

Over the past several decades, a number of fish species, including the zebrafish, medaka, and platyfish/swordtail, have become important models for human health and disease. Despite the increasing prevalence of these and other fish species in research, methods for health maintenance and the management of diseases in laboratory populations of these animals are underdeveloped. There is a growing realization that this trend must change, especially as the use of these species expands beyond developmental biology and more towards experimental applications where the presence of underlying disease may affect the physiology animals used in experiments and potentially compromise research results. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop, improve, and implement strategies for managing health and disease in aquatic research facilities. The purpose of this review is to report the proceedings of a workshop entitled "Animal Health and Disease Management in Research Animals" that was recently held at the 5th Aquatic Animal Models for Human Disease in September 2010 at Corvallis, Oregon to discuss the challenges involved with moving the field forward on this front.     

基于全过程医疗质量管理思想的临床数据存储库设计

全过程医疗质量管理是指医院对患者诊疗全流程的每个环节、每个处置都处于受控的状态,把影响医疗质量的问题降到最低,以取得最佳的医疗效果。全过程医疗质量管理除了对终末质量（大约占质控点的20%）进行控制外,重点是对过程中质量（大约占质控点的80%）进行控制,如何把全过程医疗质量管理与IT技术更好的结合起来,利用临床数据存储库（Clinical Data Repository,CDR）的建立来实现对医疗质量的实时管控,已成为当前医院信息化建设工作的主要任务。     

The pregnant woman with heart disease: management of pregnancy and delivery

Women with heart disease are at risk of cardiac complications during pregnancy and delivery. Risk assessment should be performed in these women, and the management of pregnancy and delivery should be planned accordingly. Depending on the risk, women should be cared for in specialised centres, regional centres or a combination of both. Multidisciplinary teams must be involved in the care of these women. Adequate organisation of care and communication between the team members is important to prevent complications.     

核因子κB、NO 与肺纤维化的研究进展

国内外对导致肺纤维化的肺部疾病中诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)基因在NF-κB参与诱导活化下,催化合成的一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)在肺纤维化过程中发挥细胞保护性及细胞毒性双重作用的研究已取得一些进展。本文主要阐述iNOS基因在NF-κB诱导活化下合成的NO与肺纤维化的关系,从而为NO作用的双重性和网络性及NO与肺纤维化关系的研究提供一些线索。