红麻及其近缘种的RAPD分析

利用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）技术分析了木槿属（Hibiscus)Furcaria组中纤维作物红麻（H.cannabinus)及其6个近缘种植物的25份材料,用筛选出的16个引物扩增出192个RAPD条带,它们表现出丰富的多态性。根据得到的RAPD指纹图谱,计算其Nei氏相似系数和遗传距离。并构建了它们的系统树。结果表明,25份材料可划分为7个组。H.penduriformis和H.calyphyllus两个种为一组;红麻种分为两个组,一组为栽培品种,另1组为野生型材料;其余4个种各成为1组。玫瑰麻（H.sabdariffa)和金线吊芙蓉（H.radiatus)的关系较近,而且两者与红麻的亲缘关系也较近,而其它四个种与红麻的关系较远。H.trionum与其它六个种的关系较远。     

Topography, independent component analysis and dipole source analysis of movement related potentials

The objective of this study was to test, in single subjects, the hypothesis that the signs of voluntary movement-related neural activity would first appear in the prefrontal region, then move to both the medial frontal and posterior parietal regions, progress to the medial primary motor area, lateralize to the contralateral primary motor area and finally involve the cerebellum (where feedback-initiated error signals are computed). Six subjects performed voluntary finger movements while DC coupled EEG was recorded from 64 scalp electrodes. Event-related potentials (ERPs) averaged on the movements were analysed both before and after independent component analysis (ICA) combined with dipole source analysis (DSA) of the independent components. Both a simple topographic analysis of undecomposed ERPs and the ICA/DSA analysis suggested that the original hypothesis was inadequate. The major departure from its predictions was that, while activity over many brain regions did appear at the expected times, it also appeared at unexpected times. Overall, the results suggest that the neuroscientific ‘standard model’, in which neural activity occurs sequentially in a series of discrete local areas each specialized for a particular function, may reflect the true situation less well than models in which large areas of brain shift simultaneously into and out of common activity states. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

剖宫产术后感染的相关危险因素分析及干预措施

目的:探讨产妇剖宫产后切口感染的相关因素及相应的预措施。方法:选取2012年1月-12月在我院行剖宫产术的300例产妇,统计切口感染率,分析导致切口感染的相关因素,并制定相关的干预对策。将所选病例随机分为两组,对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用针对性措施进行护理,比较两组产妇部位切口感染发生率。结果:对照组产妇发生切口感染31例,感染率为3.06%,单因素与多因素分析手术时间、BMI、胎膜早破、妊娠并发症、接台手术者切口感染率明显高于产妇手术时间≤1 h、BMI≤24.0 kg/m2、无胎膜早破、无妊娠并发症、非接台手术者,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:手术室手术部位切口感染与手术性质、手术时间有关,针对影响因素制定可行的护理对策,可以明显降低感染率。     

对菌物学进展的前瞻

本文简要地讨论了菌物学发展的前景,特别是在中国的前景。讨论的问题涉及到现代菌物分类新技术的概念以及和它密切相关的学科例如植物病原菌物学,菌物病理学,菌物生理学,菌物生态学,菌物地理学,生物工程在菌物中的应用,野生食用菌和药用菌的驯化栽培,菌根和菌毒。     

对菌物学进展的前瞻*

本文简要地讨论了菌物学发展的前景,特别是在中国的前景。讨论的问题涉及到现代菌物分类新技术的概念以及和它密切相关的学科例如植物病原菌物学,菌物病理学,菌物生理学,菌物生态学,菌物地理学,生物工程在菌物中的应用,野生食用菌和药用菌的驯化栽培,菌根和菌毒。     

DRoP: A Water Analysis Program Identifies Ras-GTP-Specific Pathway of Communication between Membrane-Interacting Regions and the Active Site

Ras GTPase mediates several cellular signal transduction pathways and is found mutated in a large number of cancers. It is active in the GTP-bound state, where it interacts with effector proteins, and at rest in the GDP-bound state. The catalytic domain is tethered to the membrane, with which it interacts in a nucleotide-dependent manner. Here we present the program Detection of Related Solvent Positions (DRoP) for crystallographic water analysis on protein surfaces and use it to study Ras. DRoP reads and superimposes multiple Protein Data Bank coordinates, transfers symmetry-related water molecules to the position closest to the protein surface, and ranks the waters according to how well conserved and tightly clustered they are in the set of structures. Coloring according to this rank allows visualization of the results. The effector-binding region of Ras is hydrated with highly conserved water molecules at the interface between the P-loop, switch I, and switch II, as well as at the Raf-RBD binding pocket. Furthermore, we discovered a new conserved water-mediated H-bonding network present in Ras-GTP, but not in Ras-GDP, that links the nucleotide sensor residues R161 and R164 on helix 5 to the active site. The double mutant RasN85A/N86A, where the final link between helix 5 and the nucleotide is not possible, is a severely impaired enzyme, while the single mutant RasN86A, with partial connection to the active site, has a wild-type hydrolysis rate. DRoP was instrumental in determining the water-mediated connectivity networks that link two lobes of the catalytic domain in Ras.     

Recent progress on the treatment of Ebola virus disease with Favipiravir and other related strategies

Ebola virus is one of the most threatening pathogens with the mortality rate as high as 90% in the world. There are no licensed therapeutic drugs or preventive vaccines for Ebola hemorrhagic fever up to date. Favipiravir, a novel antiviral drug which was mainly used for the treatment of influenza, now has been demonstrated to have a curative effect in treating Ebola virus infection. In this review, we present an overview of recent progress on the treatment of Ebola virus disease with Favipiravir and describe its possible mechanism. Moreover, we give a brief summary of other related treatment strategies against Ebola.     

Ewing's sarcoma: Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism in the EWS gene

We aimed to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EWS gene breaking region in order to analyze Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility. The SNPs were investigated in a healthy subject population and in Ewing's sarcoma patients from Southern Brazil. Genotyping was performed by TaqMan® assay for allelic discrimination using Real-Time PCR. The analysis of incidence of SNPs or different SNP-arrangements revealed a higher presence of homozygote TT-rs4820804 in Ewing's sarcoma patients (p = 0.02; Chi Square Test). About 300 bp from the rs4820804 SNP lies a palindromic hexamer (5′-GCTAGC-3′) and three nucleotides (GTC), which were previously identified to be in close vicinity of the breakpoint junction in both EWS and FLI1 genes. This DNA segment surrounding the rs4820804 SNP is likely to indicate a breakpoint region. If the T-rs4820804 allele predisposes a DNA fragment to breakage, homozygotes (TT-rs4820804) would have double the chance of having a chromosome break, increasing the chances for a translocation to occur. In conclusion, the TT-rs4820804 EWS genotype can be associated with Ewing's sarcoma and the SNP rs4820804 can be a candidate marker to understand Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility.