高渗盐水雾化吸入治疗儿童支原体肺炎继发哮喘发作及对其T淋巴细胞亚群及Th1、Th2型细胞因子的影响

目的:探讨高渗盐水雾化吸入治疗儿童支原体肺炎继发哮喘发作的临床疗效及对其T淋巴细胞亚群及Th1、Th2型细胞因子的影响。方法:选取我院2015年6月到2017年6月间收治的支原体肺炎继发哮喘发作患儿100例为研究对象。随机分为对照组和观察组,各50例。两组均给予吸氧、抗生素、维持酸碱度、电解质平衡及相应症状等对症治疗,对照组给予生理盐水结合沙丁胺醇进行雾化治疗,观察组采用3%高渗盐水结合沙丁胺醇进行雾化治疗,比较两组患儿发热、咳嗽、肺内啰音、咽部肿痒等症状消失时间及临床疗效;比较两组治疗前后CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、IFN-γ及IL-4水平情况。结果:观察组患儿发热、咳嗽、肺内啰音、咽部肿痒等临床症状消失时间显著早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组总有效率96.00%明显高于对照组80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患儿治疗前CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、IFN-γ及IL-4水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+及IFN-γ水平均明显升高,CD8~+及IL-4水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);且观察组治疗后CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+及IFN-γ水平均明显高于对照组,CD8~+及IL-4水平明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:高渗盐水雾化吸入能够显著改善支原体肺炎继发哮喘发作患儿临床症状,提高CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+及Th1水平,抑制CD8~+及Th2水平,临床疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

MicroRNA-29b过表达慢病毒载体的构建及其生物学特性的研究

目的:构建针对小鼠microRNA-29b过表达的慢病毒载体,研究其在小鼠神经元GT1-7细胞系中的生物学特性。方法:化学合成两条寡聚核苷酸单链,通过搭桥互补延伸成DNA双链,形成miR-29b的前体结构,将酶切后的慢病毒载体FUGW通过同源重组的方法与miR-29b的前体结构进行连接,构建相应microRNA-29b过表达慢病毒载体,并包装成病毒颗粒后转染小鼠神经元细胞系GT1-7,通过博来霉素药物筛选获得稳转株,RT-PCR检测相关基因在mRNA转录水平上表达量情况。结果:测序图谱证实重组慢病毒表达质粒f-F-miR-29b构建成功,GT1-7细胞稳转株中,miR-29b的表达量与对照组相比提高了约28倍,其靶基因DCX,Vdac1,Pten的表达量有所抑制,性发育相关基因LH-β,kiss-1,Inshulin,IGF-I,GPR54,GnRH,leptin-R没有明显变化。结论:利用慢病毒筛选的方法,成功在小鼠神经元GT1-7细胞中获得microRNA-29b过表达稳转株,为以后microRNA-29b的生物学特性的研究奠定了基础。     

TGF-beta1 基因rs200482214 位点多态性与黑龙江省汉族人群慢性牙周炎的相关性研究

目的:探讨转移生长因子β1(transforminggrowth factor beta-l,TGF-β1)位点rs200482214基因多态性与黑龙江省汉族人群慢性牙周炎的易感性的相关性。方法:选取2012年3月至2013年7月在哈尔滨医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科就诊的135例轻、中、重度慢性牙周炎汉族患者(牙周炎组)和108例汉族健康对照者(健康对照组)作为研究对象,基因组DNA来自口腔颊粘膜拭子,采用多重单碱基延伸SNP分型技术(Multiplex SNaPshot technique)对所有受试者TGF-β1基因rs200482214位点进行检测,比较两组间此位点基因型分布和等位基因频率的差异。结果:(1)TGF-β1基因rs200482214位点各基因型(GG、GA、AA)分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律(P>0.05);(2)TGF-β1基因rs200482214位点GG、GA、AA在牙周炎组和健康对照组的分布频率分别为61.5%、30.4%、8.1%和63.0%、28.7%、8.3%,两组人群基因型分布频率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);等位基因G、A在牙周炎组和健康对照组分布频率分别为76.7%、23.3%和77.3%、22.7%,两组人群的等位基因分布频率差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:TGF-β1位点rs200482214基因多态性与黑龙江省汉族人群慢性牙周炎的易感性不具有相关性。     

不同能量CO2点阵激光对博来霉素诱导的小鼠增生性瘢痕的作用及Hedgehog信号通路的影响

目的:探讨不同能量CO_2点阵激光对博莱霉素诱导的小鼠增生性瘢痕模型的作用及其对瘢痕组织中Hedgehog信号通路的影响。方法:于雄性C57BL/6J小鼠背部皮肤注射博来霉素(1 mg/d,4周)制作增生性瘢痕模型,另取4只小鼠背部注射PBS缓冲液作为对照。造模成功之后,随机将小鼠分为瘢痕对照组(模型组),10 mj激光治疗组(10 mj组)和20 mj激光治疗组(20 mj组),每组6只小鼠。10 mj组小鼠给予10 mj激光治疗(共3次,每次间隔2周);20 mj组小鼠给予20 mj激光治疗(共3次,每次间隔2周)。治疗结束后,处死小鼠,取瘢痕全层标本进行病理组织学染色观察(HE、Masson染色)以及α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、GLi1免疫荧光观察。结果:①我们成功复制出小鼠增生性瘢痕模型;②20 mj CO_2点阵激光治疗可有效修复瘢痕组织,经治疗后皮肤瘢痕程度显著减轻,同时可降低真皮层厚度和减轻瘢痕组织的纤维化程度;③免疫荧光染色结果提示,CO_2点阵激光可显著减少小鼠皮肤增生性瘢痕中α-SMA、GLi1表达。结论:于小鼠的背部皮肤注射博莱霉素可建立增生性瘢痕模型。CO_2点阵激光为治疗增生性瘢一种有效的治疗方式,其作用可能与其对Hedgehog信号通路的抑制有关。     

格尔德霉素抑制高致病性禽流感病毒增殖及其所介导炎性反应研究

对高致病性禽流感病毒感染最为有效的治疗应采用抗病毒和抗炎症的联合治疗．本试验用流感病毒H5N1感染不同细胞株(A549细胞和MDCK细胞),采用不同浓度格尔德霉素对病毒感染细胞培养物作用不同时长,检测流感病毒滴度;ELISA检测格尔德霉素作用于流感病毒H5N1感染A549细胞12 h、24 h促炎性细胞因子IFN-α、TNF-α和IL-6水平．结果显示,流感病毒H5N1感染A549细胞和MDCK细胞,格尔德霉素极显著地抑制了流感病毒H5N1在细胞培养物的增殖(P < 0.01),而在病毒感染36 h和48 h,格尔德霉素并没有显著抑制流感病毒在MDCK细胞上的增殖(P > 0.05)．促炎性细胞因子分析结果显示,格尔德霉素在流感病毒感染A549细胞12 h和24 h均显著降低了促炎性细胞因子IFN-α、TNF-α和IL-6的分泌(P < 0.05)．上述实验结果显示,格尔德霉素具有抑制流感病毒H5N1增殖及其所介导的炎性反应的双重效应,为格尔德霉素成为应对流感病毒流行的备选药物提供基础科学依据．     

Altered microbial community structure and organic matter composition under elevated CO2 and N fertilization in the duke forest

The dynamics and fate of terrestrial organic matter (OM) under elevated atmospheric CO₂ and nitrogen (N) fertilization are important aspects of long‐term carbon sequestration. Despite numerous studies, questions still remain as to whether the chemical composition of OM may alter with these environmental changes. In this study, we employed molecular‐level methods to investigate the composition and degradation of various OM components in the forest floor (O horizon) and mineral soil (0–15 cm) from the Duke forest free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) experiment. We measured microbial responses to elevated CO₂ and N fertilization in the mineral soil using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles. Increased fresh carbon inputs into the forest floor under elevated CO₂ were observed at the molecular‐level by two degradation parameters of plant‐derived steroids and cutin‐derived compounds. The ratios of fungal to bacterial PLFAs and Gram‐negative to Gram‐positive bacterial PLFAs decreased in the mineral soil with N fertilization, indicating an altered soil microbial community composition. Moreover, the acid to aldehyde ratios of lignin‐derived phenols increased with N fertilization, suggesting enhanced lignin degradation in the mineral soil. ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of soil humic substances revealed an enrichment of leaf‐derived alkyl structures with both elevated CO₂ and N fertilization. We suggest that microbial decomposition of SOM constituents such as lignin and hydrolysable lipids was promoted under both elevated CO₂ and N fertilization, which led to the enrichment of plant‐derived recalcitrant structures (such as alkyl carbon) in the soil.     

小鼠早期胚胎发育期间TGF-β_1免疫组织化学定位

用兔抗人血小板TGF-β_1 N末端1—29氨基酸残基人工合成多肽抗血清作探针以及免疫荧光和免疫酶染色技术,分析了1—12天小鼠早期发育期间胚胎的TGF-β_1物质分布。结果表明,着床前胚胎包括卵裂细胞,桑椹胚和胚泡的ICM及滋养外胚层等细胞均显示TGF-β_1阳性免疫荧光染色。免疫酶染色还证明,沿囊胚腔顶部单层排列的原始内胚层细胞比邻近的ICM细胞有较深的染色反应。随着胚胎着床和进一步发育,7天龄胚胎中胚层早期形成阶段,紧靠中胚层一侧的外胚层胞质中含有浓集的棕色颗粒;各胚层的部分区域也存在着染色强度上差别。8—12天龄胚胎中,体节,心壁、间质细胞和肠道以及卵黄囊的脏壁中胚层均有显著的TGF-β_1免疫酶阳性物质。这些结果表明,着床前小鼠胚胎富含TGF-β_1物质,着床后的胚外组织,例如卵黄囊也为胚胎进一步发育提供了富含TGF-β_1物质的微环境;同时也提示,小鼠早期胚胎发育期间的胚泡形成,ICM细胞分化出原始内胚层,卵柱期中胚层形成,以及以后的神经管、体节和肢芽形成阶段等一系列形态发生和器官形成过程中,TGF-β_1可能是参与重要作用的一种生长调节因子。     

Tricyclic 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromeno[3,4-d]imidazole derivatives as microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitors: SAR and in vivo efficacy in hyperalgesia pain model

A series of substituted tricyclic 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromeno[3,4-d]imidazole derivatives have been synthesized and their mPGES-1 biological activity has been disclosed in detail. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) optimization provided inhibitors with excellent mPGES-1 potency and low to moderate PGE₂ release A549 cell potency. Among the mPGES-1 inhibitors studied, 7, 9 and 11l provided excellent selectivity over COX-2 (>200-fold) and >70-fold selectivity for COX-1 except 11l, which exhibited dual mPGES-1/COX-1 activity. Furthermore, the above tested mPGES-1 inhibitors demonstrated good metabolic stability in liver microsomes, high plasma protein binding (PPB) and no significant inhibition observed in clinically relevant CYP isoforms. Besides, selected mPGES-1 tool compounds 9 and 11l provided good in vivo pharmacokinetic profile and oral bioavailability (%F = 33 and 85). Additionally, the representative mPGES-1 tool compounds 9 and 11l revealed moderate in vivo efficacy in the LPS-induced thermal hyperalgesia guinea pig pain model.     

Relationship between a point mutation S97C in CK1δ protein and its affect on ATP-binding affinity

CK1δ (Casein kinase I isoform delta) is a member of CK1 kinase family protein that mediates neurite outgrowth and the function as brain-specific microtubule-associated protein. ATP binding kinase domain of CK1δ is essential for regulating several key cell cycle signal transduction pathways. Mutation in CK1δ protein is reported to cause cancers and affects normal brain development. S97C mutation in kinase domain of CK1δ protein has been involved to induce breast cancer and ductal carcinoma. We performed molecular docking studies to examine the effect of this mutation on its ATP-binding affinity. Further, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations to understand the structural consequences of S97C mutation over the kinase domain of CK1δ protein. Docking results indicated the loss of ATP-binding affinity of mutant structure, which were further rationalized by molecular dynamics simulations, where a notable loss in 3-D conformation of CK1δ kinase domain was observed in mutant as compared to native. Our results explained the underlying molecular mechanism behind the observed cancer associated phenotype caused by S97C mutation in CK1δ protein.