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71.
In order to enhance the efficacy of aqueous extract of Aegle marmelos, a present study was undertaken. The aqueous extract was combined with a formulating agent (coded B+) and named Amaext-a, bioassayed under in vitro condition against Pyricularia grisea Sacc. causing blast disease of rice. The product was found to inhibit conidial germination completely at 0.1% concentration and mycelial growth at 1% concentration, whereas the extract alone could inhibit the germination only partially at the same concentration. The formulated product, Amaext-a, retained its fungitoxicity till 18 months storage period in all treatments. In a separate test, the efficacy of the product was also accessed in the greenhouse and under field condition, and compared with the standard fungicide carbendazim. This formulated product has therefore improved the efficacy of fungitoxicity compared to the unformulated botanical extract under in vitro and in vivo conditions and so found comparable with standard fungicide carbendazim (Bavistin 50% wp). 相似文献
72.
《Journal of Plant Interactions》2013,8(4):219-224
Abstract This study was conducted to analyse the induction of lignification-related enzymes and phenolic content in rice to blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea using azoxystrobin. The severity of rice blast was reduced (70% over control) through treatment by azoxystrobin. This reduction in disease severity was mainly associated with induction of host defense mechanisms by azoxystrobin. Increased production of secondary metabolite – phenolic and lignification – related enzymes, namely, peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) were observed in rice plants treated with azoxystrobin. 相似文献
73.
Masaru Matsuo Tsuneo Yasui Tatsuyoshi Kobayashi 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1593-1599
A β-xylosidase of a thermophilic fungus, Malbranchea pulchella var. sulfurea No. 48, was purified 99-fold from the culture filtrate after ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, column electrophoresis and gel filtration on Sephadex G–200. The purified enzyme was found to be homogeneous upon ultracentrifugal analysis, disc electrophoresis and gel filtration. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 26,000 by gel filtration, and the sedimentation coefficient was calculated to be 2.78S. at 280 nm in phosphate buffer (pH 6.7) was 13.2. The optimum pH was found to be in the range of 6.2~6.8, and the optimum temperature was 50°C. 相似文献
74.
The effective wavelength of light on Sekiguchi lesion formation, tryptamine accumulation, enzyme activities and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation involved in light‐induced resistance of rice (cv. Sekiguchi‐asahi) infected with Magnaporthe grisea was determined by using band‐pass filters (BPF). When the M. grisea‐inoculated leaves were irradiated by BPF‐filtered lights from daylight fluorescent lamps, Sekiguchi lesion development was enhanced by increasing the wavelength of visible light. The longer the radiation wavelength, the greater the tryptamine accumulation, the tryptophan decarboxylase and monoamine oxidase activities, and the H2O2 generation. By contrast, the longer the radiation wavelength of radiation, the greater the inhibition of catalase (CAT) activity. Among the visible lights, red light was the most effective for tryptamine pathway activation and CAT inhibition involved in light‐induced resistance. 相似文献
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Rice cv. Sekiguchi‐asahi was identified as a lesion mimic mutant from cv. Asahi. This mutant showed light‐enhanced resistance to Magnaporthe grisea infection, inducing Sekiguchi lesion (sl) formation and tryptamine accumulation. To elucidate the role of chloroplasts on the activation of tryptamine pathway, the effect of some photosynthetic inhibitors on light‐dependant Sekiguchi lesion formation, tryptamine accumulation, and enzyme activities was investigated. When detached leaf blades which had been pretreated with Linuron, 1, 10‐Phenanthroline or Poly‐l ‐lysine were inoculated with M. grisea, respectively, Sekiguchi lesion formation and typtamine accumulation were suppressed even under light, suppressing gene expression of tryptophan decarboxylase and monoamine oxidase activity. On the other hand, catalase activity was significantly inhibited in control leaves infected with M. grisea under light, but kept at high level in chemical‐pretreated leaves. These results suggested that photosynthetic activity in chloroplasts was involved in inhibition of antioxidant sysytem and activation of tryptamine pathway responsible for light‐enhanced resistance in sl mutant to M. grisea infection. 相似文献
79.
Identification of Sternbin and Naringenin as Detoxified Metabolites from the Rice Flavanone Phytoalexin Sakuranetin by Pyricularia oryzae
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Sakuranetin ( 1 ) is a flavanone phytoalexin that has been reported to play an important role in disease resistance in rice plants. The rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae) has been reported to metabolize 1 to lower its antifungal activity. Here, two flavanones, sternbin ( 2 ) and naringenin ( 3 ), were identified as metabolites of 1 in P. oryzae suspension culture by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The inhibition of 1 , 2 , and 3 on P. oryzae mycelial growth were 45%, 19%, and 19%, respectively, at a concentration of 100 μm . Thus, 2 and 3 are detoxified metabolites of 1 by P. oryzae. 相似文献
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