T cell reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is preserved in most but not all individuals

1. Download : Download high-res image (281KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

Functional antigens of Trichuris muris. The stimulation of immunity by vaccination of mice with somatic antigen preparations

Functional antigens of Trichuris muris. The stimulation of immunity by vaccination of mice with somatic antigen preparations. International Journal for Parasitology 3: 711–715. Vaccination of mice with somatic antigens of Trichuris muris in Freund's incomplete adjuvant stimulated a high degree of protective immunity and brought about a marked reduction (up to 92 per cent) of larval burdens after infection. Soluble antigens from the anterior (oesophageal) region of adult worms were shown to be most effective in stimulation of immunity, although protection was apparent following vaccination with antigens prepared from the posterior regions of adult worms and from whole larval worms. It is suggested that the functional antigens of the anterior region may originate in the stichosome cells.     

PEMF对废用性骨质疏松大鼠骨形态及骨代谢作用的观察

目的:观察脉冲电磁场(pulsed electromagnetic fields,PEMF)对于废用性骨质疏松(disuse osteoporosis,DOP)大鼠骨形态学及血清学指标的影响,探讨PEMF治疗废用性骨质疏松的作用及其可能的机制。方法:选择雌性SD大鼠,体重250~280 g,随机分为4组,即正常对照组(INT组)、废用模型组(DOP组)、药物治疗组(ALN组)、脉冲电磁场组(PEMF组),每组20只,除正常对照组外,其余大鼠通过改良胫骨-尾部固定法制动建立模型废用性骨质疏松模型,ALN组大鼠灌胃予以阿仑膦酸钠(1 mg·kg-1·d-1)治疗,PEMF组大鼠予以PEMF照射40 min·d-1治疗,治疗后2、4、8、12周时检测各组大鼠的血清学指标并观察其骨组织形态学。结果:治疗2周后,与INT组比较,其余各组血清钙无明显差异,血磷明显降低(P0.05或P0.01),骨钙素(BGP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALT)、抗酒石酸磷酸酶(TRAP)则显著升高(P0.01)。治疗4周后,与ALN组比较,PEMF组BGP、ALT显著升高(P0.01);ALN组骨小梁排列比较DOP组紧密,整齐,骨小梁间隔较大,网状结构断裂程度较轻。治疗8周后,与DOP组比较,余组ALP、TRAP降低(P0.01),与ALN组相较,PEMF组BGP、ALT显著升高(P0.01)。治疗12周后,与DOP组比较,余组BGP、ALP、TRAP降低(P0.05或P0.01),与药物治疗组相较,PEMF组BGP、ALT、TRAP显著升高(P0.05或P0.01)。PEMF组比较ALN组,骨小梁排列整齐有序,骨小梁数目增多,网状结构完整,骨小梁体积增大,厚度增厚。结论:PEMF通过增强成骨细胞功能促进骨形成,同时降低破骨细胞抑制骨吸收,可达到治疗废用性骨质疏松疾病的作用。     

Characterisation of the nuclear proteome of a dehydration‐sensitive cultivar of chickpea and comparative proteomic analysis with a tolerant cultivar

Water deficit or dehydration hampers plant growth and development, and shrinks harvest size of major crop species worldwide. Therefore, a better understanding of dehydration response is the key to decipher the regulatory mechanism of better adaptation. In recent years, nuclear proteomics has become an attractive area of research, particularly to study the role of nucleus in stress response. In this study, a proteome of dehydration‐sensitive chickpea cultivar (ICCV‐2) was generated from nuclei‐enriched fractions. The LC‐MS/MS analysis led to the identification of 75 differentially expressed proteins presumably associated with different metabolic and regulatory pathways. Nuclear localisation of three candidate proteins was validated by transient expression assay. The ICCV‐2 proteome was then compared with that of JG‐62, a tolerant cultivar. The differential proteomics and in silico analysis revealed cultivar‐specific differential expression of many proteins involved in various cellular functions. The differential tolerance could be attributed to altered expression of many structural proteins and the proteins involved in stress adaptation, notably the ROS catabolising enzymes. Further, a comprehensive comparison on the abiotic stress‐responsive nuclear proteome was performed using the datasets published thus far. These findings might expedite the functional determination of the dehydration‐responsive proteins and their prioritisation as potential molecular targets for better adaptation.     

2016-2019年辽宁省肠炎沙门菌分离株分子分型及其耐药性

目的分析辽宁省肠炎沙门菌分离株的分子分型特征及耐药情况,为辽宁省肠炎沙门菌的分子流行病学及防控措施提供参考依据。方法采用PFGE分子分型方法对辽宁省2016-2019年肠炎沙门菌分离株进行分子分型,应用BioNumerics 7.6软件对酶切片段进行聚类分析,明确菌株的特征及同源性;采用最低抑菌浓度(MIC)法测定菌株对14种药物敏感性。结果共获得49株肠炎沙门菌,分子分型结果证明其呈17种PFGE带型,相似度区间为77.4%~100.0%,有2种优势带型;对萘啶酸的耐药率最高,达89.80%,其次氨苄西林的耐药率为69.39%,对3种以上抗生素的耐药率为55.10%。结论辽宁省肠炎沙门菌PFGE分子分型具有独特的优势带型,存在带型较多的特点;肠炎沙门菌分离株多重耐药状况比较严重,对萘啶酸的耐药率最高。     

具有脉冲出生和脉冲接种的SIR传染病模型

考虑了脉冲出生、脉冲接种、垂直传染、因病死亡等因素,建立了脉冲出生和脉冲接种同时进行的SIR传染病模型,通过分析无病周期解的存在性以及稳定性,得出疾病灭绝的条件.     

Circadian Pattern of Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes

There is strong association between diabetes and increased risk of end-organ damage, stroke, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Non-dipping (<10% decline in the asleep relative to awake blood pressure [BP] mean), as determined by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), is frequent in diabetes and consistently associated with increased CVD risk. The reported prevalence of non-dipping in diabetes is highly variable, probably due to differences in the study groups (normotensive subjects, untreated hypertensives, treated hypertensives), relatively small sample sizes, reliance only on a single, low-reproducibility, 24-h ABPM evaluation per participant, and definition of daytime and nighttime periods by arbitrary selected fixed clock-hour spans. Accordingly, we evaluated the influence of diabetes on the circadian BP pattern by 48-h ABPM (rather than for 24?h to increase reproducibility of results) during which participants maintained a diary listing times of going to bed at night and awakening in the morning. This cross-sectional study involved 12 765 hypertensive patients (6797 men/5968 women), 58.1?±?14.1 (mean?±?SD) yrs of age, enrolled in the Hygia Project, designed to evaluate prospectively CVD risk by ABPM in primary care centers of northwest Spain. Among the participants, 2954 (1799 men/1155 women) had type 2 diabetes. At the time of study, 525/3314 patients with/without diabetes were untreated for hypertension, and the remaining 2429/6497 patients with/without diabetes were treated. Hypertension was defined as awake systolic (SBP)/diastolic (DBP) BP mean ≥135/85?mm Hg, or asleep SBP/DBP mean ≥120/70?mm Hg, or BP-lowering treatment. Hypertensive patients with than without diabetes were more likely to be men and of older age, have diagnoses of microalbuminuria, proteinuria, chronic kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnea, metabolic syndrome, and/or obesity, plus higher glucose, creatinine, uric acid, and triglycerides, but lower cholesterol and estimated glomerular filtration rate. In patients with diabetes, ambulatory SBP was significantly elevated (p?<?.001), mainly during the hours of nighttime sleep and initial hours after morning awakening, independent of presence/absence of BP-lowering treatment. Ambulatory DBP, however, was significantly higher (p?<?.001) in patients without diabetes, mainly during the daytime. Differing trends for SBP and DBP between groups resulted in large differences in ambulatory pulse pressure (PP), it being significantly greater (p?<?.001) throughout the entire 24?h in patients with diabetes, even after correcting for age. Prevalence of non-dipping was significantly higher in patients with than without diabetes (62.1% vs. 45.9%; p?<?.001). Largest difference between groups was in the prevalence of the riser BP pattern, i.e., asleep SBP mean greater than awake SBP mean (19.9% vs. 8.1% in patients with and without diabetes, respectively; p?<?.001). Elevated asleep SBP mean was the major basis for the diagnosis of hypertension and/or inadequate BP control among patients with diabetes; thus, among the uncontrolled hypertensive patients with diabetes, 89.2% had nocturnal hypertension. Our findings document significantly elevated prevalence of a blunted nocturnal BP decline in hypertensive patients with diabetes. Most important, prevalence of the riser BP pattern, associated with highest CVD risk among all possible BP patterns, was more than twice as prevalent in diabetes. Patients with diabetes also presented significantly elevated ambulatory PP, reflecting increased arterial stiffness and enhanced CVD risk. These collective findings indicate that diabetes should be included among the clinical conditions for which ABPM is recommended for proper CVD risk assessment. (Author correspondence: rhermida@uvigo.es)     

Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy,Estimated Cardiovascular Risk,and Circadian Blood Pressure Pattern in Diabetes Mellitus

This study was designed to investigate potential factors involved in the disruption of the circadian blood pressure (BP) pattern in diabetes mellitus, as well as the relation between BP, cardiac autonomic neuropathy, and estimated cardiovascular risk. We studied 101 diabetic patients (58% with type 2 diabetes; 59% men), age 21–65 yrs, evaluated by 48 h BP monitoring. We performed three autonomic tests in a single session: deep breathing, Valsalva maneuver, and standing up from a seated position. Patients were classified according to the number of abnormal tests and their 10 yr risk of coronary heart disease or stroke. The prevalence of non-dipping 24 h patterning ranged from 47.6% in type 1 to 42.4% in type 2 diabetes. The awake/asleep ratio of systolic BP (SBP) was comparable between patients with or without abnormal autonomic tests. Pulse pressure (PP) was significantly higher in patients with ≥1 abnormal autonomic test (p?<?0.001). Ambulatory SBP was significantly elevated in the group with higher risk of coronary heart disease (p?<?0.001). Patients with higher stroke-risk had higher SBP but lower diastolic BP, and thus an elevated ambulatory PP by 9 mmHg, compared to those with lower risk (p?<?0.001). Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is not the main causal-factor for the non-dipper BP pattern in diabetes mellitus. The most significant finding from this study is the high ambulatory PP found in patients with either cardiac autonomic dysfunction or high risk for coronary heart disease or stroke. After correcting for age, this elevated PP level emerged as the main cardiovascular risk factor in diabetes mellitus.