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991.
Yogesh Singh Vandana Kaul Alka Mehra Samit Chatterjee Sultan Tousif Ved Prakash Dwivedi Mrutyunjay Suar Luc Van Kaer William R. Bishai Gobardhan Das 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2013,288(7):5056-5061
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides and replicates within host phagocytes by modulating host microbicidal responses. In addition, it suppresses the production of host protective cytokines to prevent activation of and antigen presentation by M. tuberculosis-infected cells, causing dysregulation of host protective adaptive immune responses. Many cytokines are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), a newly discovered class of small noncoding RNAs, which have been implicated in modulating host immune responses in many bacterial and viral diseases. Here, we show that miRNA-99b (miR-99b), an orphan miRNA, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis infection. We found that miR-99b expression was highly up-regulated in M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv-infected dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Blockade of miR-99b expression by antagomirs resulted in significantly reduced bacterial growth in DCs. Interestingly, knockdown of miR-99b in DCs significantly up-regulated proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-1β. Furthermore, mRNA and membrane-bound protein data indicated that inhibition of miR-99b augments TNF-α and TNFRSF-4 production. Thus, miR-99b targets TNF-α and TNFRSF-4 receptor genes. Treatment of anti-miR-99b-transfected DCs with anti-TNF-α antibody resulted in increased bacterial burden. Thus, our findings unveil a novel host evasion mechanism adopted by M. tuberculosis via miR-99b, which may open up new avenues for designing miRNA-based vaccines and therapies. 相似文献
992.
993.
Kanishk Kapilashrami Gopal R. Bommineni Carl A. Machutta Pilho Kim Cheng-Tsung Lai Carlos Simmerling Francis Picart Peter J. Tonge 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2013,288(9):6045-6052
Thiolactomycin (TLM) is a natural product inhibitor of KasA, the β-ketoacyl synthase A from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To improve the affinity of TLM for KasA, a series of TLM analogs have been synthesized based on interligand NOEs between TLM and a pantetheine analog when both are bound simultaneously to the enzyme. Kinetic binding data reveal that position 3 of the thiolactone ring is a suitable position for elaboration of the TLM scaffold, and the structure-activity relationship studies provide information on the molecular features that govern time-dependent inhibition in this enzyme system. These experiments also exemplify the utility of transient one-dimensional NOE spectroscopy for obtaining interligand NOEs compared with traditional steady state two-dimensional NOESY spectroscopy. 相似文献
994.
Vadim V. Mesyanzhinov Elena N. Peletskaya Viktor M. Zhdanov Alexander V. Efimov Alexey V. Finkelstein D. I. Ivanovsky 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2013,31(2):447-458
Abstract On the basis of the secondary structure calculations from the known amino acid sequence we came to the conclusion that hepatitis A virus capsid proteins have the typical antiparallel beta-sheet bilayer structure. The predicted secondary structure of the HAV proteins can be well aligned with those of the poliovirus (type 1 Mahoney) and human rhinovirus (type 14). It enabled us to use the X-ray structure of the PV-1M and HRV-14 proteins as a template and then, firstly, to localize the positions of alpha and beta regions in the architecture of the HAV protein molecules and, secondly, to discover the amino acid homologies of the secondary structure regions aligned. The obtained model of the three-dimensional structure for HAV proteins helped us to indicate the exposed regions of the polypeptide chains and to pinpoint the potential neutralizing antigenic sites. 相似文献
995.
Lakshmi Maganti OSDD Consortium & Nanda Ghoshal 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2013,31(2):344-364
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the pathogen responsible for tuberculosis, uses various strategies to survive in a variety of host lesions. The re-emergence of multi-drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis underlines the necessity to discover new molecules. Inhibitors of aryl acid adenylating enzyme, MbtA, involved in siderophore biosynthesis in M. tuberculosis, are being explored as potential anti tubercular agents. In this study, we have used 3D-QSAR models and shape based virtual screening to identify novel MbtA inhibitors. 3D-QSAR studies were carried out on nucleoside bisubstrate derivatives. Both Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (r2?=?.944 and r2pred?=?.938) and Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis (r2?=?.892 and r2pred?=?.842) models, developed using Gasteiger charges with all fields, predicted efficiently. A total of 13 hits were identified as novel prospective inhibitors for MbtA by utilizing an insilico workflow. Out of 13 hits, five top ranked hits were used for further molecular dynamics studies to gain more insights about the stability of the complexes. 相似文献
996.
Massimo Gallerani Benedetta Boari Michael H. Smolensky Raffaella Salmi Davide Fabbri Edgardo Contato 《Chronobiology international》2013,30(1):143-160
Seasonal variation in the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including pulmonary embolism (PE), has been reported; however, recent large‐scale, population‐based studies conducted in the United States did not confirm such seasonality. The aim of this large‐scale population study was to determine whether a temporal pattern in the occurrence of PE exists. The analysis considered all consecutive cases of PE in the database of all hospital admissions of the Emilia Romagna region in Italy at the Center for Health Statistics between January 1998 and December 2005. PE cases were first grouped according to season of occurrence, and the data were analyzed by the χ2 test for goodness of fit. Then, inferential chronobiologic (cosinor and partial Fourier) analysis was applied to monthly data, and the best‐fitting curve for the annual variation was derived. The total sample consisted of 19,245 patients (8,143 male, mean age 71.6±14.1 yrs; 11,102 female, mean age 76.1±13.7 yrs). Of these, 2,484 were <65 yrs, 5,443 were between 65 and 74, and 11,318 were ≥75 yrs. There were 4,486 (23.3%) fatal‐case outcomes. PE occurred least frequently in spring (n=4,442 or 23.1%) and most frequent in winter (n=5,236 or 27.2%, goodness of fit χ2=75.75, p<0.001). Similar results were obtained for subgroups formed by gender, age, fatal/non‐fatal outcome, presence/absence of major underlying co‐morbid conditions, and specific risk factors. Inferential chronobiological analysis identified a significant annual pattern in PE, with the peak between November and December for the total sample of cases (p<0.001), males (p<0.001), females (p=0.002), fatal and non‐fatal cases (p<0.001 for both), and subgroups formed by age (<65 yrs, p=0.012; 65–74 yrs, p<0.001; ≥75 yrs, p=0.012). This pattern was independent of the presence/absence of hypertension (p=0.003 and p<0.001, respectively), pulmonary disease (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively), stroke (p<0.001 and p=0.004, respectively), neoplasms (p=0.005 and p=0.001, respectively), heart failure (p=0.022 and p<0.001, respectively), and deep vein thrombosis (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). However, only a non‐statistically significant trend was found for subgroups formed by cases of diabetes mellitus, infections, renal failure, and trauma. 相似文献
997.
单域重链抗体是目前中和胞内病原体抗原的重要分子之一,研究以结核分枝杆菌Rv0733-6His融合抗原为靶标,对羊驼非免疫单域重链抗体库进行了3轮淘洗,通过ELISA和测序方法,从1024个克隆中筛选出10个独立单域重链抗体序列,继而用原核表达并鉴定了1株Rv0733-VHH-Fe-6His抗体。免疫印迹和免疫荧光结果均显示Rv0733-VHH—Fe-6His抗体可以特异性地结合Rv0733抗原。提示Rv0733-VHH抗体可能具备结合胞内菌相关抗原的潜力。 相似文献
998.
Christine Steinhäuser Ulrike Heigl Vladimir Tchikov Jeanette Schwarz Thomas Gutsmann Katrin Seeger Julius Brandenburg Jürgen Fritsch Josef Schroeder Karl‐Heinz Wiesmüller Ida Rosenkrands Paul Walther Johanna Pott Eberhard Krause Stefan Ehlers Wulf Schneider‐Brachert Stefan Schütze Norbert Reiling 《Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)》2013,14(3):321-336
Here we describe a novel approach for the isolation and biochemical characterization of pathogen‐containing compartments from primary cells: We developed a lipid‐based procedure to magnetically label the surface of bacteria and visualized the label by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM). We performed infection experiments with magnetically labeled Mycobacterium avium, M. tuberculosis and Listeria monocytogenes and isolated magnetic bacteria‐containing phagosomes using a strong magnetic field in a novel free‐flow system. Magnetic labeling of M. tuberculosis did not affect the virulence characteristics of the bacteria during infection experiments addressing host cell activation, phagosome maturation delay and replication in macrophages in vitro. Biochemical analyses of the magnetic phagosome‐containing fractions provided evidence of an enhanced presence of bacterial antigens and a differential distribution of proteins involved in the endocytic pathway over time as well as cytokine‐dependent changes in the phagosomal protein composition. The newly developed method represents a useful approach to characterize and compare pathogen‐containing compartments, in order to identify microbial and host cell targets for novel anti‐infective strategies. 相似文献
999.
Dominik Harzheim Hans Klose Fabiola Pe?a Pinado Nicola Ehlken Christian Nagel Christine Fischer Ardeschir Ghofrani Stephan Rosenkranz Hans-Jürgen Seyfarth Michael Halank Eckhard Mayer Ekkehard Grünig Stefan Guth 《Respiratory research》2013,14(1):104
Background
The objective of this prospective study was to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders and their association with quality of life (QoL), clinical parameters and survival in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods
We prospectively assessed 158 patients invasively diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension (n = 138) and inoperable chronic thromboembolic PH (n = 20) by clinical measures including quality of life (QoL, SF-36 questionnaire), cardiopulmonary exercise testing and six minute walking distance and by questionnaires for depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7). According to the results of the clinical examination and the questionnaires for mental disorders (MD) patients were classified into two groups, 1) with moderate to severe MD (n = 36, 22,8%), and 2) with mild or no MD (n = 122). Patients were followed for a median of 2.7 years. Investigators of QoL, SF-36 were blinded to the clinical data.Results
At baseline the 2 groups did not differ in their severity of PH or exercise capacity. Patients with moderate to severe MD (group 1) had a significantly lower QoL shown in all subscales of SF-36 (p < 0.002). QoL impairment significantly correlated with the severity of depression (p < 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.05). During follow-up period 32 patients died and 3 were lost to follow-up. There was no significant difference between groups regarding survival. Only 8% of the patients with MD received psychopharmacological treatment.Conclusion
Anxiety and depression were frequently diagnosed in our patients and significantly correlated with quality of life, but not with long term survival. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the results. 相似文献1000.