樱桃李核仁油脂肪酸组成分析

采用气相色谱法及气相色谱-质谱联机技术,对樱桃李Prunus divaricata Ldb.核仁油中的脂肪酸进行了定量、定性分析.其脂肪酸组成为油酸66.3%、亚油酸25.6%、棕榈酸5.6%、硬脂酸1.4%,不饱和脂肪酸油酸和亚油酸的总量占91.9%,该油有较高的营养价值.     

樱桃李与蓝莓果的营养价值

本文论述了野樱桃李、蓝莓果的营养成分,比较它们的共同点和某些差异,对其营养价值作了简要评述,为开发利用野樱桃李植物资源提供参考资料.     

Lipid transfer proteins from Rosaceae fruits share consensus epitopes responsible for their IgE-binding cross-reactivity

Four IgE-binding epitopes have been characterized that cover a large area (40%) of the molecular surface of lipid transfer protein allergens of Rosaceae (apple, peach, apricot, and plum). They mainly correspond to electropositively charged regions protruding on the molecular surface of the modeled apple (Mal d 3), apricot (Pru ar 3), and plum (Pru d 3) allergens. Two of these epitopes consist of consensus epitopes structurally conserved among the lipid transfer protein allergens from the Rosaceae. Their occurrence in different lipid transfer protein allergens presumably accounts for the IgE-binding cross-reactivity often observed among different Rosaceae fruits. In this respect, LTP consist of phylogenetically- and structurally-related pan allergens. However, the IgE-binding cross-reactivity due to fruit lipid transfer protein has varying degrees of clinical relevance and this cross-reactivity is not necessarily accompanied by a cross-allergenicity to the corresponding fruits.     

榆叶梅天然色素及其稳定性研究

以新疆地产榆叶梅花为实验材料,对榆叶梅花食用色素提取时间、提取温度、物料配比进行不同组合的对比实验研究;对光、热、pH值、还原介质、氧化介质、蔗糖、防腐剂、维生素和金属离子等对色素的稳定性影响进行了研究。结果表明：榆叶梅花色一本正经不为水溶性色素属黄酮类色素。适用pH值范围较广,尤其酸性状态pH1－5最佳;蔗糖和防腐剂以及金属离子Zn^2 、Mg^2 、Ca^2 、K^ 、Na^2 对色素稳定性无不良影响;耐氧化剂与还原剂性能较差;而Fe^2 、Fe^3 、Cu^2 、Sn^2 、Pb^2 对色素稳定性有一定影响,其颜色相反发生改变。     

蒙古扁桃种子萌发生理研究

探讨了蒙古扁桃种子萌发生理。实验结果表明 ,成熟的蒙古扁桃种子胚形态和生理发育完全 ,种皮含有萌发抑制物质。在 1 7°C下蒙古扁桃种子萌发率较高 ,光可以促进蒙古扁桃种子萌发。用 2 %PEG 60 0 0、0 .5 %NaHCO3 、0 .1 %NaCl、0 .2 %NaCl和 5 0 μg/mLNAA浸种处理均促进蒙古扁桃种子萌发 ,而 5 0 μg/mL 6 BA浸种处理对蒙古扁桃种子萌发有抑制作用。     

珍稀濒危植物蒙古扁桃的组织培养及植株再生

对珍稀濒危植物蒙古扁桃进行组织培养获得再生植株。实验结果表明,在MS培养基上蒙古扁桃幼苗茎尖,茎切段和叶片等外植体均可以脱分化形成愈伤组织,并进一步分化形成再生植株。器官的脱分化与再分化决定于培养基中的激素种类及其浓度。诱导愈伤组织形成的最适培养基为MS＋6－BA0.8mg/L NAA0.1mg/L,芽分化诱导最适培养基为MS＋6－BA0.8mg/L,诱导生根的最适培养基是MS＋IBA0.5mg/L。     

Sequences of the cDNAs and genomic DNAs encoding the S1, S7, S8, and Sf alleles from almond, Prunus dulcis

Partial genomic and cDNA sequences of the RNase alleles S1, S7, S8 and Sf were obtained from Prunus dulcis cvs ’Ne Plus Ultra’, ’Ferragnes’ and ’Nonpareil’ 15–1, and IRTA Selection 12–2. Total DNA was extracted from leaves, and cDNA was prepared from total RNA extracted from styles. The partial cDNA sequences of the S1 allele from ’Ferragnes’, and the S7 and S8 alleles from ’Nonpareil’ 15–1, matched those reported in the literature for the alleles Sb, Sc and Sd respectively. The sequences of the S1, S7, S8 and Sf alleles found in genomic DNA contained introns of 562, 1,530, 2,208 and 689 bp respectively. The exon/intron splice junction sites of all alleles followed the GT/AG consensus sequence rule, and the sequences were found to be highly conserved. Received: 18 October 2000 / Accepted: 8 March 2001     

Leaf Photosynthesis in Eight Almond Tree Cultivars

Response of gas exchange traits to irradiance were studied in eight almond tree (Prunus amygdalus) cultivars: Desmayo Largueta, Falsa Barese, Garrigues, Lauranne, Marcona, Masbovera, Nonpareil and Ramillete, grafted on a hybrid rootstock almond × peach GF-677. From these responses cultivars can be classified from the best to the worst photosynthetic performance as follows: Falsa Barese, Masbovera, Marcona, Nonpareil, Ramillete, Desmayo Largueta, Lauranne and Garrigues. The highest net photosynthetic rate was 20.3 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ in Falsa Barese. In the absence of water stress, photosynthetic rate was not limited by stomatal conductance. Consequently, non-stomatal limitations prevailed under such conditions. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Influence of in vitro factors on titre and elimination of model fruit tree viruses

The titre of apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) was higher in microplants of Malus domestica cv. Jonagold than in 2-year-old grafted scions. Cytokinin concentration in the medium increased the titre of prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) in the apex of microplants of Prunus insititia cv. Kozlienka but did not affect the titre of ACLSV in M .domestica.Virus titre of ACLSVwas higher in the haulms of autotrophically-grown compared with heterotrophically-grown microplants whereas as for PNRSV the results were the reverse. For both viruses, however, titre of the virus in the roots of autotrophically-grown plants was significantly higher than in haulm tissue from heterotrophic cultures. Ribavirin incorporation resulted in elimination of both viruses. Negative ELISA results were confirmed independently by PCR. The efficacy of Ribavirin in elimination of ACLSV was increased by increasing the concentration of cytokinin in the medium in parallel with decreasing the concentration of Ribavirin. These results are discussed in the context of the reliability of in vitro virus testing.     

Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in the Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica)

All cat species, except domestic cats, are either threatened or endangered. The Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica), a critically endangered species, is driven to a single habitat zone in Gir forests in India for its survival. The present status of this big cat compels us to acquire deeper knowledge of its genetic variability and phylogenetic relationships. Here we report the isolation of highly polymorphic microsatellite loci from a partial genomic library of the Asiatic lion. These loci were characterized and have shown high levels of variation ranging from six to 11 alleles per locus in the population studied.