Purification methods for the sequence-specific DNA-binding protein nuclear factor I (NFI) — Generation of protein sequence information

The paper describes a potent purification method, preparative gel retention, for the purification of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. This procedure exploits the sequence-specific DNA-binding affinity of such proteins for their enrichment, comparable to recognition site DNA affinity chromatography. The method was employed to obtain a pure preparation of nuclear factor I (NFI) from porcine liver from which sequences of partial peptides could be obtained. Oligonucleotide probes derived from these amino-acid sequences were used to identify genomic and cDNA clones of NFI.     

猪一般型生殖道放线菌的分离鉴定与系统进化分析

2007年4月, 从患有化脓性肺炎、化脓性关节炎和心内膜炎的8周龄病死仔猪内脏器官中分离到一株细菌, 对其进行了种属关系鉴定、致病性及药物敏感性等研究。首先从表型特征和生化特性方面进行鉴定, 然后应用分子技术对其16S rDNA进行测序分析, 最后进行了动物实验和药物敏感性实验。该细菌表型特征和生化特性表明其与生殖道放线杆菌(A. hyovaginalis)非常相似; 对16S rDNA测序结果分析发现其与A. hyovaginalis III群菌株同源性高达99.2%, 系统进化分析也表明分离株与A. hyovaginalis III群菌株亲缘关系最近; 对小白鼠具有较强的致病性; 对红 霉素、庆大霉素和阿米卡星等药物高度敏感。因此, 证实分离菌株为有致病性的A. hyovaginalis III型。     

Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus virulent or avirulent strain-infected porcine small intestinal epithelial cells

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the main cause of diarrhea, vomiting, and mortality in pigs, which results in devastating economic loss to the pig industry around the globe. In recent years, the advent of RNA-sequencing technologies has led to delineate host responses at late stages of PEDV infection; however, the comparative analysis of host responses to early-stage infection of virulent and avirulent PEDV strains is currently unknown. Here, using the BGI DNBSEQ RNA-sequencing, we performed global gene expression profiles of pig intestinal epithelial cells infected with virulent (GDS01) or avirulent (HX) PEDV strains for 3, 6, and 12 h. It was observed that over half of all significantly dysregulated genes in both infection groups exhibited a down-regulated expression pattern. Functional enrichment analyses indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the GDS01 group were predominantly related to autophagy and apoptosis, whereas the genes showing the differential expression in the HX group were strongly enriched in immune responses/inflammation. Among the DEGs, the functional association of TLR3 and IFIT2 genes with the HX and GDS01 strains replication was experimentally validated by TLR3 inhibition and IFIT2 overexpression systems in cultured cells. TLR3 expression was found to inhibit HX strain, but not GDS01 strain, replication by enhancing the IFIT2 expression in infected cells. In conclusion, our study highlights similarities and differences in gene expression patterns and cellular processes/pathways altered at the early-stage infection of PEDV virulent and avirulent strains. These findings may provide a foundation for establishing novel therapies to control PEDV infection.     

猪细小病毒VP2蛋白主要抗原表位基因真核表达载体的构建及表达

猪细小病毒(Porcine parvovirus,PPV)是引起母猪繁殖障碍的主要病原之一[1],可引起母猪流产、胚胎死亡、胎儿畸形、胎儿木乃伊化及不孕等,还可引起仔猪的皮炎和腹泻.PPV在我国污染非常严重,部分地区阳性率达90%以上[2].PPV能在大多数哺乳动物传代细胞系内长期潜伏感染,而且量少时不易检出,当细胞连续传代时可能引起细胞病变至细胞死亡,有可能给实验室带来较多麻烦.VP2蛋白是该病毒的主要结构蛋白之一,本研究构建含VP2蛋白的主要抗原表位基因的真核表达载体并获得其稳定表达的细胞株.     

猪轮状病毒vp4基因的克隆及其在昆虫细胞中的表达

本研究扩增猪轮状病毒中国分离株JL94株VP4蛋白主要抗原编码区基因(1-756bp),将测序结果与国外分离株进行比较;将该基因片段同载体pMel BacA连接后,与杆状病毒DNA共转染入昆虫细胞Sf9,经蚀斑筛选纯化重组病毒并再感染Sf9细胞获得vp4基因的表达,对表达的VP4蛋白进行Western blot分析和血清中和抗体试验。结果表明：JL94株VP4主要抗原编码区基因与国外分离株CRW-8株、Gottfried株该基因片段氨基酸同源性分别为96．43％和67％,说明JL94株与CRW-8株属同一VP4血清型,而与Gottfried株属不同血清型。JL94株vP4主要抗原编码区氨基酸最大变异处位于aa81-aa207。vp4基因在昆虫细胞中表达量占细胞总蛋白的20％,Western Blot证实表达蛋白有良好的生物学活性。所表达的蛋白免疫小鼠产生中和抗体,阻断JL94在MA104细胞上引起的细胞病变。     

Visualizing the Transport of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Live Cells by Quantum Dots-Based Single Virus Tracking

Quantum dots(QDs)-based single particle analysis technique enables real-time tracking of the viral infection in live cells with great sensitivity over a long period of time. The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) is a small virus with the virion size of 40–60 nm which causes great economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. A clear understanding of the viral infection mechanism is essential for the development of effective antiviral strategies. In this study, we labeled the PRRSV with QDs using the streptavidin–biotin labeling system and monitored the viral infection process in live cells. Our results indicated that the labeling method had negligible effect on viral infectivity. We also observed that prior to the entry, PRRSV vibrated on the plasma membrane, and entered the cells via endosome mediated cell entry pathway. Viruses moved in a slow–fast–slow oscillatory movement pattern and finally accumulated in a perinuclear region of the cell. Our results also showed that once inside the cell, PRRSV moved along the microtubule,microfilament and vimentin cytoskeletal elements. During the transport process, virus particles also made contacts with non-muscle myosin heavy chain Ⅱ-A(NMHC Ⅱ-A), visualized as small spheres in cytoplasm. This study can facilitate the application of QDs in virus infection imaging, especially the smaller-sized viruses and provide some novel and important insights into PRRSV infection mechanism.     

Proteome analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)‐infected Vero cells

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes an acute, highly contagious, and devastating viral enteric disease with a high mortality rate in suckling pigs. A large‐scale outbreak of PED occurred in China in 2010, with PEDV emerging in the United States in 2013 and spreading rapidly, posing significant economic and public health concerns. In this study, LC–MS/MS coupled to iTRAQ labeling was used to quantitatively identify differentially expressed cellular proteins in PEDV‐infected Vero cells. We identified 49 differentially expressed cellular proteins, of which 8 were upregulated and 41 downregulated. These differentially expressed proteins were involved in apoptosis, signal transduction, and stress responses. Based on these differentially expressed proteins, we propose that PEDV might utilize apoptosis and extracellular signal regulated kinases pathways for maximum viral replication. Our study is the first attempt to analyze the protein profile of PEDV‐infected cells by quantitative proteomics, and we believe our findings provide valuable information with respect to better understanding the host response to PEDV infection.     

猪胚胎热应激后耐低温性的变化

手术或屠宰采取措囊胚（Ｂ）、扩张囊胚（ＥＢ）。孵出囊胚（ＨＢ）,置于含１０％ＦＣＳ的ＧＩＴ液中进行４２℃水浴１０分钟的热应激和－７℃酒精糟１０分钟的低温感受试验。结果,热应激对猪胚的存活率及发育率均无影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;而热应激提高了猪胚对低温的耐受程度,热应激的胚胎再经低温感受试验后,培养２４小时的ＥＢ（φ＜５０）、ＥＢ（φ≥５０）和ＨＢ的活细胞数分别较相应的对照组提高３５．５％、４１．３％和５１．１％,差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）,但在热应激处理液中添加了蛋白合成抑制剂者没有产生这一效果,此结果证明,热应激很可能诱发猪胚内产生抗低温的应激蛋白质,这为进一步研究猪胚胎冷冻和改进猪胚冷冻前处理提供了依据和可能途径。     

PMWS病猪猪圆环病毒2型全基因组序列分析

根据GenBank中发表的猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)全基因序列,设计一对特异性引物,用PCR方法直接从5省病料中分别扩增出5个PCV2毒株的全基因组,分别命名为FujianPCV、GuangxiPCV、HainanPCV、HunanPCV和ShandongPCV。将扩增片段克隆于pMD18一T载体,进行序列测定,结果表明,除FujianPCV株核苷酸长度为1768bp,其余四株均为1767bp。应用DNAstar序列分析软件分析表明,本实验的5个PCV2分离株与世界上其它地区的PCV2分离株密切相关,核苷酸序列同源性达93％-98．8％,与PCVl毒株的序列同源性只有68．4％～70％。其中ORFl和ORF2所编码的氨基酸序列与国内外PCV2毒株比较,同源性也很高,分别为98．1％499．4％和88％99．1％。     

猪札幌病毒的研究进展

猪札幌病毒(porcine sapovirus,PoSaV)是一种经粪-口途径传播引起猪急性胃肠炎的肠道病毒,对环境友好生态型养殖业构成一定威胁。研究表明,某些PoSaV与人SaV核苷酸序列具有很高的同源性,且越来越多来源于人和猪的SaV重组新毒株被发现,提示PoSaV具有跨种间感染及传播给人的潜在风险。迄今,PoSaV的入侵与感染、变异与迁移、免疫与致病、暴发与流行、跨种间感染与传播等机制尚不清楚。本文主要对PoSaV形态与抵抗力、基因组结构与功能、基因重组、传播方式、流行病学、受体等方面的研究进展进行综述。