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121.
122.
为研究微生物法预处理对红麻秸秆中木质素的降解及后续的红麻纤维素酶促糖化和发酵效率的影响,将白腐真菌Pleurotus sajor-caju接种在红麻秸秆培养基上固态培养,对红麻秸秆进行预处理。经P. sajor-caju培养25~35 d后,有效转化红麻秸秆中的木质素,转化率最高可达50.20%,并提高红麻纤维素的酶促水解效率,糖化率达69.33%~78.64%,与对照组相比提高了3.5~4.1倍。以微生物法预处理后的红麻秸秆样品为底物的同步糖化发酵实验表明,发酵72 h,发酵液中乙醇浓度达到18.35~ 相似文献
123.
【目的】利用~(60)Co-γ射线诱变平菇原生质体创制平菇新种质。【方法】通过3个剂量的~(60)Co-γ射线辐照处理平菇原生质体悬浮液,统计不同剂量的致死率,利用拮抗试验、SSR分子标记筛选突变菌株,通过出菇试验筛选优良的平菇新菌株。【结果】平菇原生质体在0.9 KGy的诱变处理下致死率为0%,在1.2KGy的诱变处理下菌株致死率63.33%,在1.5KGy的诱变处理下菌株致死率为76.67%。经拮抗试验和SSR分子标记筛选,获得了8株突变菌株,出菇试验结果表明7个突变菌株产量和生物学效率均有不同程度的降低,菌盖颜色也略有变化,其中突变菌株1.5-P4的产量较对照降低了41.92%;而突变菌株1.2-P1为高产菌株,其产量达437.95±12.22 g/袋,较对照菌株提高了9.76%,生物学效率较CK提高了10.38%。【结论】利用~(60)Co-γ射线诱变育种技术得到了1个性状较为优良的平菇新菌株,这为其他食药用菌诱变育种研究提供了参考。 相似文献
124.
B incompatibility factor mutants (Bmut) in Pleurotus ostreatus were recovered from common-B mating heterokaryons resulted from matings between wild-type monokaryons with different A but the same B factors (A1B2 and A2B2) after NTG mutagenesis. The mutant monokaryons such as A1B2mut and A2B2mut were observed to have regularly uninucleated hyphal cells and to be compatible with each other. Matings between A1B2mut and A2B2mut monokaryons produced stable heterokaryons (A1B2mut + A2B2mut) that had binucleated hyphal cells with true clamp connections and formed normal fruit-bodies. Mating tests using basidiospore
progeny from each of these heterokaryons revealed the bipolar mating pattern. Genetic analysis suggested that the mutation
of B factor in P. ostreatus might occur in the B incompatibility factor genes.
Received: August 3, 2001 / Accepted: January 18, 2002 相似文献
125.
Philippoussis A. Zervakis G. Diamantopoulou P. 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2001,17(2):191-200
Ten selected wild and commercial strains of Pleurotus ostreatus,Pleurotus eryngii,Pleurotus pulmonarius, Agrocybe aegerita andVolvariella volvacea were cultivated on three agricultural wastes, i.e. wheat straw (WS), cotton waste (CW) and peanut shells (PS). All species demonstrated significantly higher colonization rates on WS and CW than on PS. WS supported faster growth of A. aegerita and Pleurotus spp., whereas V. volvacea performed better on CW. Comparison of growth rates on composted and non-composted WS and CW substrates revealed that in the latter case faster colonization was achieved, particularly for Pleurotus spp. However, one commercial strain of V. volvacea presented higher growth rates when the composted CW medium was used. Furthermore, earliness in the fructification of P. ostreatus, P. pulmonarius and V. volvacea strains was promoted in CW substrates, while WS favoured earliness of P. eryngii and A. aegerita. Similarly, high sporophore yields were obtained by P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius on both wastes, whereas WS enhanced yield and basidioma size of P. eryngii and A. aegerita strains and CW production of V. volvacea. The substrates cellulose:lignin ratios were found to be positively correlated to mycelial growth rates and to mushroom yield of P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius; in addition, positive correlation was also detected for carbon:nitrogen ratio and mushroom yield in P. eryngii and A. aegerita and between cellulose content and mushroom yield for V. volvacea strains. 相似文献
126.
127.
F.R. SmiderleL.M. Olsen A.C. RuthesP.A. Czelusniak A.P. Santana-FilhoG.L. Sassaki P.A.J. GorinM. Iacomini 《Carbohydrate polymers》2012,87(1):368-376
For many years mushrooms have been consumed and appreciated by their nutritional value, and medicinal properties. The traditional mushroom cultivation takes too long and the macrofungi biotechnology has not been explored in its full potential yet. The goal of this work was to observe if different carbon sources could improve the yield and diversify fungi nutrient composition in submerged culture.Pleurotus pulmonarius mycelia and exopolysacharide productions were evaluated using glucose, galactose, xylose and arabinose. The mycelia yield varied depending on the culture medium, and galactose showed to be the best carbon source to produce EPS. Samples that showed the highest protein contents were grown with xylose (19.44%) and arabinose (26.05%). Furthermore, the biomass cultivated with these carbohydrates and with galactose showed five essential amino acids. All cultured biomass showed low lipid contents (∼1%), being composed mainly of unsaturated fatty acids. All EPS fractions showed as main structures glucans and mannogalactans. 相似文献
128.
129.
平菇菌粗多糖的抗氧化活性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用深层发酵技术生产平菇粗多糖,时其清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基的能力、铁离子螯合能力以及还原力进行了比较分析。结果表明:菌丝体粗多糖和发酵液粗多糖均具有较强的抗氧化能力,但2种多糖的抗氧化能力存在差异;茵丝体粗多糖清除DPPH自由基的能力较强,其EC。。值为2.20mg/mL;发酵液粗多糖清除羟自由基的能力、铁离子螯合能力以及还原力较强,其EC50值分别为0.72mg/mL、3.32mg/mL和7.91mg/mL。在一定的浓度范围内,多糖的浓度增加,其抗氧化能力也随之增强,呈量效依赖关系。 相似文献
130.