Serial increase in the thermal stability of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis by experimental evolution.

We improved the thermal stability of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis by an in vivo evolutionary technique using an extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus, as a host cell. The leuB gene encoding B. subtilis 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase was integrated into the chromosome of a leuB-deficient strain of T. thermophilus. The resulting transformant showed a leucine-autotrophy at 56 degrees C but not at 61 degrees C and above. Phenotypically thermostabilized strains that can grow at 61 degrees C without leucine were isolated from spontaneous mutants. Screening temperature was stepwise increased from 61 to 66 and then to 70 degrees C and mutants that showed a leucine-autotrophic growth at 70 degrees C were obtained. DNA sequence analyses of the leuB genes from the mutant strains revealed three stepwise amino acid replacements, threonine-308 to isoleucine, isoleucine-95 to leucine, and methionine-292 to isoleucine. The mutant enzymes with these amino acid replacements were more stable against heat treatment than the wild-type enzyme. Furthermore, the triple-mutant enzyme showed significantly higher specific activity than that of the wild-type enzyme.     

S-腺苷甲硫氨酸的研究现状及应用前景

介绍了S-腺苷甲硫氨酸的制备方法及稳定性研究现状,并对其临床应用及市场前景进行了分析。     

Ap、Km和Cm抗性细菌在土壤中的差异分布及成因

从不同区域土壤中分离细菌：对其进行氨苄青碡素、卡那霉素和氯霉素的抗性测试,以及抗药性质粒分析。结果表明,对照区和生活区土壤细菌抗氨苄青霉素和卡那霉素菌株比例未见显著性差异,未检出抗氯霉素细菌。保护区中抗氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素菌株含质粒比例均为18.2％,生活区中抗氨苄青霉素和卡那霉素菌株含质粒比例分别为36.4％和27．3％。随机抽提质粒转化无抗忡菌,表明部分抗菌素抗性基因是由质粒携带。实验结果认为本地土壤中抗菌素抗性菌分布差异尚未有显著性表现。     

食细菌线虫对热或铜胁迫下土壤功能稳定性的影响

在室内模拟重金属铜的持续胁迫或者短期加热(18 h,40℃)的瞬时胁迫条件下,以大麦叶粉短期分解过程代表土壤功能,研究了土壤食细菌线虫对土壤生态功能稳定性(抗性和恢复力)的影响.结果表明,在未施加任何胁迫对照处理中和铜胁迫条件下,食细菌线虫在一定程度上有促进土壤微生物活性的趋势.在施加铜胁迫后第15天,接种食细菌线虫导致土壤基础呼吸显著增加,并且接种食细菌线虫处理的土壤功能抗性显著高于未接种线虫处理.而在热胁迫条件下,接种食细菌线虫对土壤基础呼吸和土壤微生物活性没有显著影响,且接种食细菌线虫处理的土壤功能抗性低于未接种线虫处理.在两种胁迫条件下,接种食细菌线虫反而降低了土壤功能的恢复力.     

大熊猫生态系统动态模型稳定性及数值分析

本文主要建立大熊猫与两种竹子共生生态系统三种群的微分方程模型,得到Volterra系统,此生态系统是捕食与被捕食关系．分析了该系统在平衡状态处的稳定性,证明了其全局稳定性．最后,通过有关数据的调控确定大熊猫种群数量范围以及计算出该生态系统在平衡状态处受到标准扰动后的恢复时间．     

钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)光系统Ⅰ的分离表征及稳定性

采用蔗糖密度梯度离心法对钝顶螺旋藻光合膜蛋白(PSI)进行分离纯化,并对其光谱学性质、热稳定性及光合放氧活性进行分析表征。结果发现,采用蔗糖密度精度离心法,可以成功分离出4条色素蛋白质复合体条带,其中最下层条带为完整的PSI三聚体,其每毫克叶绿素a光合放氧活性达到420μmol/h。当温度达到50℃左右时,分离得到的PSI在溶液开始变性失活。     

Physical activity,and not fat mass is a primary predictor of circadian parameters in young men

Circadian rhythms are ≈24?h oscillations in physiology and behavior, and disruptions have been shown to have negative effects on health. Wrist skin temperature has been used by several groups as a valid method of assessing circadian rhythms in humans. We tested the hypothesis that circadian temperature amplitude (TempAmp) and stability (TempStab) would significantly differ among groups of healthy young men of varying adiposities, and that we could identify physiological and behavioral measures that were significantly associated with these temperature parameters. Wrist skin temperatures taken at 10?min intervals for 7 consecutive days were determined in 18 optimal (OGroup), 20 fair (FGroup) and 21 poor (PGroup) %Fat grouped young men and subsequently analyzed using available validated software. Body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, actigraphy, daily nutritional and sleep data, and fasting lipid, insulin and glucose concentration measures were also determined. Significant changes in TempAmp and TempStab parameters in subjects with a single metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factor compared to those with no MetS factors was observed. In addition, stepwise multivariate regression analyses showed that 50% of the variance in TempAmp was explained by actigraphy (mean steps taken per day; MSTPD), cardiorespiratory fitness, and late night eating per week (#LNE); and 57% in TempStab by MSTPD, time spent in moderate-to-vigorous activity per day, fat mass, and #LNE. Overwhelmingly, physical activity was the most important measure associated with the differences in circadian rhythm parameters. Further research is warranted to determine the effects of increasing the amount and timing of physical activity on the status of the circadian system in a variety of populations.     

利用球孢链霉菌发酵液消化双歧杆菌细胞壁提取质粒的研究

目的寻找一种经济适用的提取双歧杆菌质粒的方法。方法利用球孢链霉菌发酵产生的变溶菌素来消化双歧杆菌细胞壁,提取质粒,并与商业化溶菌酶法比较。结果球孢链霉菌发酵液与溶菌酶均成功提取到质粒。结论利用球孢链霉菌发酵液提取质粒经济简便。     

一类双线性生态系统的无源控制

研究了一类广义双线性系统的无源控制问题,利用广义Lyapunov函数和线性矩阵不等式,给出了广义双线性系统无源且零解渐近稳定的充分条件,并在一定条件下得到存在状态反馈控制器,使得闭环系统无源且零解渐近稳定的充分条件,同时给出相应的控制器构造方法。