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21.
W.?H?dlEmail author A.?Amézquita P.?M.?Narins 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2004,190(10):823-829
Territorial males of the pan-Amazonian Dart-poison frog, Epipedobates femoralis, are known to present stereotypic phonotactic responses to the playback of conspecific and synthetic calls. Fixed site attachment and a long calling period within an environment of little temperature change render this terrestrial and diurnal pan-Amazonian frog a rewarding species for field bioacoustics. In experiments at the field station Aratai, French Guiana, we tested whether the prominent frequency modulation of the advertisement-call notes is critical for eliciting phonotactic responses. Substitution of the natural upward sweep by either a pure tone within the species frequency range or a reverse sweep did not alter the males' phonotactic behavior. Playbacks with artificial advertisement calls embedded in high levels of either low-pass or high-pass masking noise designed to saturate nerve fibers from either the amphibian papilla or basilar papilla showed that male phonotactic behavior in this species is subserved by activation of the basilar papilla of the inner ear. 相似文献
22.
Males of the closely related African tettigoniids Acanthoplus discoidales and Acanthoplus longipes produce a long-lasting calling song and a short disturbance sound. The temporal patterns of the sounds were analysed in respect to species differences and song type differences. The calling songs of both species consist of impulses which are separated into verses of two syllables, with fewer impulses in the first syllable. A. longipes produces more impulses in each syllable than A. discoidales and has longer verse durations, verse intervals and syllable intervals. Also, the disturbance sounds, produced after mechanical stimulation, contain distinct verses of impulses. The disturbance sound of A. longipes has a higher number of impulses per verse than that of A. discoidales. The frequency spectra of the songs in both species have similar peak frequencies (around 12.5 kHz) and both species have their greatest hearing sensitivity in the range between 5 and 10 kHz. Females of A. longipes perform phonotaxis only to songs with a species-specific temporal pattern. By contrast, females of A. discoidales react positively to calling songs of both species. 相似文献
23.
Barbara Webb Jan Wessnitzer Sarah Bush Johannes Schul Jonas Buchli Auke Ijspeert 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2007,193(2):285-288
The resonant properties of the intrinsic dynamics of single neurons could play a direct role in behaviour. One plausible role
is in the recognition of temporal patterns, such as that seen in the auditory communication systems of Orthoptera. Recent
behavioural data from bushcrickets suggests that this behaviour has interesting resonance properties, but the underlying mechanism
is unknown. Here we show that a very simple and general model for neural resonance could directly account for the different
behavioural responses of bushcrickets to different song patterns. 相似文献
24.
Berthold Hedwig 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2006,192(7):677-689
Crickets use acoustic communication for pair formation. Males sing with rhythmical movements of their wings and the mute females approach the singing males by phonotaxis. Females walking on a trackball rapidly steer towards single sound pulses when exposed to split-song paradigms. Their walking path emerges from consecutive reactive steering responses, which show no temporal selectivity. Temporal pattern recognition is tuned to the species-specific syllable rate and gradually changes the gain of auditory steering. If pattern recognition is based on instantaneous discharge rate coding, then the tuning to the species-specific song pattern may already be present at the level of thoracic interneurons. During the processing of song patterns, changes in cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations occur in phase with the chirp rhythm in the local auditory interneurone. Male singing behaviour is controlled by command neurons descending from the brain. The neuropil controlling singing behaviour is located in the anterior protocerebrum next to the mushroom bodies. Singing behaviour is released by injection of cholinergic agonists and inhibited by γ-butyric acid (GABA). During singing, the sensitivity of the peripheral auditory system remains unchanged but a corollary discharge inhibits auditory processing in afferents and interneurons within the prothoracic auditory neuropil and prevents the auditory neurons from desensitisation. 相似文献
25.
Elisabeth Ofner Jürgen Rheinlaender Heiner Römer 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2007,193(3):321-330
The ability of the bushcricket Leptophyes punctatissima to orient to elevated sound sources was investigated. Males were placed on a walking compensator and oriented in response
to a synthetic female reply, which was broadcast via one of five loudspeakers placed at elevations of 0°, 30°, 60°, 75° and
90°. Forward and backward movements were compensated, so that males remained at the same distance and elevation to the sound
source. With increasing loudspeaker elevation, the males meandered more, and the ratio of the ideal path length to the actual
path length decreased. The same was true for the correlation between stimulus angle and turn angle, and there were more turns
to the wrong side with increasing loudspeaker elevation. Most males performed phonotaxis with a high acuity up to an elevation
of 60°. Individuals varied strongly in their performance especially at a source elevation of 75°, where some were still very
accurate in their approach, whereas the acuity of others decreased rapidly. We also describe a behaviour where males tilt
their body axis to more anterior and sideward positions, both during walking and while calling on the spot. This behaviour
is interpreted as a kind of directional scanning in order to actively induce changes in binaural cues. 相似文献
26.
Jürgen Rheinlaender Manfred Hartbauer Heiner Römer 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2007,193(3):313-320
Many species of acoustically interacting insects live in a complex, arboreal or semi-arboreal habitat. Thus mate finding by
phonotaxis requires sound localization in the horizontal and vertical plane. Here we investigated the ability of the duetting
bushcricket Leptophyes punctatissima to orient to one of three speakers, positioned at different levels in an artificial grid system, where each point in space
could be reached by the male with almost equal probability. The system was designed analogous to a spherical calotte model
of bismuth, where, once the male arrived at any nodal point had to decide between only three directions: either up or down
and/or left and right. This design does not favour any phonotactic path of the males. All 12 males tested reached the three
speaker positions (one in the horzontal plane, one elevated by 45°, one depressed by 45° relative to the starting position)
with only little deviation from the shortest possible path. There was no significant difference with respect to the whole
phonotactic time needed, the number of segments passed, or the number of stimuli received for the different speaker positions.
This remarkable spatial orientation is achieved although the insects have no specialized external ear structures such as mammals,
or some owls. 相似文献
27.
D. A. Bodnar 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1996,178(2):173-182
In natural advertisement calls of the barking treefrog, Hyla gratiosa, a small amount of incoherent frequency modulation (FM) is present. Incoherency in the FM of a call creates inharmonicity and phase changes between its frequency components. In this study, the combined and separate effects of the harmonic structure, phase spectrum, and FM of an advertisement call on female choice were tested. The harmonic structure of a call can have a direct effect on female preference; females showed a significant preference for static-inharmonic calls over static-harmonic calls. Neither differences in phase or FM alone conferred a preference in two choice tests. However, when FM is present in both calls it does influence female preference for harmonic structure -namely harmonic calls become preferable to inharmonic calls. This reversal of female preference for inharmonicity in a call by the presence of FM suggests that call parameters may interact, and thereby effect mate choice.Abbreviations
AP
amphibian papilla
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BP
basilar papilla
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FM
frequency modulation
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PM
phase modulation
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HS
harmonic structure
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GB
Gaussian Band 相似文献
28.
Abstract. Phonotaxis of G. bimaculatus females is expressed by a course-consistent, directional approach to a conspecific model calling song emitted alternatingly at sound intensities of 50–90 dB SPL and appears at the age of 6–7 days, the onset of maturation. Mating abolishes phonotaxis after about 1 h. By that time, the content of the attached spermatophore has migrated into the female's sper-matheca. Removal or emptying of the spermatheca, or severing the ventral nerve cord, fully reinstates phonotaxis, whereas ovariectomy has no effect. We suggest that mechanoreceptors record the expansion of the filled spermatheca and that the inhibitory message is communicated via the ventral nerve cord anteriorly to an unknown control centre in the brain. The loss of phonotaxis is combined with reduced locomotor activity and results in the female no longer being attracted to another calling male. 相似文献