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21.
Virginia Fernández-Fernández María Márquez-González Andrés Losada-Baltar Pablo E. García Rosa Romero-Moreno 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2013
Introduction
Older people's emotional distress is often related to rumination processes focused on past vital events occurred during their lives. The specific coping strategies displayed to face those events may contribute to explain older adults’ current well-being: they can perceive that they have obtained personal growth after those events and/or they can show a tendency to have intrusive thoughts about those events. This paper describes the development and analysis of the psychometric properties of the Scales for the Assessment of the Psychological Impact of Past Life Events (SAPIPLE): the past life events-occurrence scale (LE-O), ruminative thought scale (LE-R) and personal growth scale (LE-PG).Material and methods
Participants were 393 community dwelling elderly (mean age=71.5 years old; SD=6.9). In addition to the SAPIPLE scales, depressive symptomatology, anxiety, psychological well-being, life satisfaction, physical function and vitality have been assessed.Results
The inter-rater agreement's analysis suggests the presence of two factors in the LE-O: positive and negative vital events. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) supported this two-dimensional structure for both the LE-R and the LE-PG. Good internal consistency indexes have been obtained for each scale and subscale, as well as good criterion and concurrent validity indexes.Conclusions
Both ruminative thoughts about past life events and personal growth following those events are related to older adults’ current well-being. The SAPIPLE presents good psychometric properties that justify its use for elderly people. 相似文献22.
Francisco J. Tarazona-Santabalbina Leonor Cuadra José Manuel Cancio Ferran Roca Carbonell Juan Manuel Pérez-Castejón Garrote Álvaro Casas-Herrero Nicolás Martínez-Velilla José Antonio Serra-Rexach Francesc Formiga 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2021,56(3):177-182
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) produces severe respiratory symptoms such as bilateral pneumonia associated to a high morbidity and mortality, especially in patients of advanced age. Vitamin D deficiency has been reported in several chronic conditions associated with increased inflammation and dysregulation of the immune system. Vitamin D in modulates immune function too. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed by most immune cells, including B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells and the signalling of vitamin D and VDR together has an anti-inflammatory effect. Some studies have reported that vitamin D treatment could be useful for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 because vitamin D plays an important role as a modulator of immunocompetence. Over the last few months, some studies have hypothesized the possible beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with COVID-19 in order to improve the immune balance and prevent the hyperinflammatory cytokine storm. Some preliminary studies have already shown promising results with vitamin D supplementation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D should be administered daily until adequate levels are achieved due to vitamin D behaves as a negative acute phase reactant (APR). Despite the lack of evidence on specific doses of vitamin D to treat COVID-19 in older adults, authors consider it is necessary to standardize the use in clinical practice. These recommendations advice supplement vitamin D in a protocoled fashion based on expert opinions, level of evidence 5. 相似文献
23.
María Ángeles Molina Rocío SchettiniMaría Dolores López-Bravo María Dolores ZamarrónRocío Fernández-Ballesteros 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2011,46(6):297
Introduction
The aim of this study was to analyse whether the activity is a protective factor of intellectual decline, and specifically to examine whether intellectual activity versus other activities, is a better predictor for the maintenance of cognitive functioning in a group of people over 90 years, independent in basic daily living activities and having preserved cognitive capacity.Material and methods
This sample was selected from a bio-psycho-social longitudinal study of independent persons 90 and over. This is a longitudinal study involving 188 people, 67 males and 121 females. Measurements were taken of cognitive functioning and level of activity and repeated between 6 and 14 months; inferential analysis was performed at baseline and follow-up.Results
At base-line, there is a strong association between the level of activity and performance. Also, and most important, intellectual activities at baseline predict cognitive functioning at follow-up. According to our results, intellectual activities and the maintenance of cognitive functioning are associated with the absence of cognitive impairment in the very elderly.Conclusions
This has important implications for the scientific community in finding a predictive index and strategies, but also for the individual to identify factors of change on which to act to reduce problems associated with aging. 相似文献24.
Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez Mario Reyes-Bossio José Ventura-León Walter L. Arias Gallegos Julio Domínguez-Vergara Karla Azabache-Alvarado 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2019,54(4):230-236
IntroductionHumour plays an important role in promoting successful and healthy aging. However, its scientific study is still limited, partly due to the absence of validated tools for use in Latin America. The objective of this study was to translate the 5-item Coping with Humor Scale (CHS-5) from English to Spanish and examine the evidence of reliability and validity based on the internal, convergent, and discriminant structure of the Peruvian version of the scale.Materials and methodThe participants were 236 elderly Peruvian adults (78.4% A confirmatory factor analysis, analysis of correlation (r), and reliability (α, Cronbach's alpha and ω, omega) was performed.ResultsThe one-dimensional model presented an adequate fit of the data (χ2 = 7.72, df =5, P=.17, χ2 / df = 1.54, GFI = 0.988, CFI = 0.996, NFI = 0.988, RMSEA =0. 048 [95% CI; 0.000-0.111]; and SRMR = 0.016). The reliability indexes were adequate (α= 0.86 [95% CI: 0.82-0.89] and ω = 0.89 [95% CI: 0.87-0.91]). A positive correlation was observed between the mean score of CHS-5 and satisfaction with life, and was negative with depression.ConclusionsThe CHS-5 has excellent psychometric properties, being a measure that provides valid and reliable interpretations to be used in elderly Peruvians with depression. 相似文献
25.
Loneliness is a problem that affects a very high percentage of older people, and can lead to physical and/or mental illness. This article aims to present a systematic review of programs to combat loneliness directed towards the institutionalised elderly. Experimental and quasi-experimental articles published between 2000 and 2016 were included in the review. An analysis was carried out on the quality of the methodological evidence of each of the articles. The programs analysed included animal-assisted, contacts with families through videoconferencing, gardening and/or horticulture workshops, reminiscence therapies, humour therapies, and cognitive interventions. The results show that intervention programs are effective to reduce the feeling of loneliness. The methodological limitations of the studies are discussed and future research is recommended. 相似文献
26.
Pedro Paulo Marín Pamela ChávezMarcela Carrasco Homero GacCristina Alonso Bouzón Leocadio Rodríguez Mañas 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2011,46(1):27
Introduction
An increase in visits to Emergency Departments by older adults has been reported, but there are no data available on this in countries in the early phases of demographic and epidemiological transition. This paper describes the characteristics of people over 60 years-old (AM) who visited the Emergency Department of the Hospital Clínico Universitario de la Pontificia Universidad Católica, Chile (SU-PUC), compared to those less than 60 years-old (AJ).Material and methods
Demographic data and reasons for admission and re-admission were collected retrospectively from the SU-PUC monthly statistics report. Obstetrics, paediatrics and «scheduled admissions» were excluded. The frequencies were compared using Chi-squared (significance: P < .05).Results
A total of 37,660 visits to the SU-PUC were recorded (81% AJ; 19% AM; with 8% being older than 75 years). No statistical differences were found in the visit time (70% daytime), or by season between the groups.A total of 7,414 (19.6%) of those who visited were hospitalised, with differences being detected between groups (AM: 48.9% vs 12.9% AJ; P < .001), particularly in those over 75 years (59%). The primary cause of admission was cardiopulmonary in AM (22%) and gastrointestinal in AJ (31%). Re-admissions were 10% in AM and 6% in AJ (P < .001).Conclusion
The use of SU by AM and some characteristics of their care process (hospitalisation) are similar to those found in countries in more advanced phases of demographic transition. 相似文献27.
28.
Luis Espejo Antúnez María Ángeles Cardero Durán Berta Caro Puértolas Guillermo Téllez de Peralta 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2012
Introduction
At present, aging and increased life expectancy implies a greater susceptibility to dependence, which then leads to the irreversible loss of quality of life, in many cases due to chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a treatment based on aerobic exercise in institutionalised elderly people diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis.Material and method
An experimental, prospective, single blind study was conducted. The sample (n = 31), was divided into two groups. The experimental group (n = 17) was treated based on aerobic exercise for 4 weeks with 2 sessions per week and each lasting 50 minutes. We conducted a pre-test and post-test assessment using a visual analogue scale, WOMAC questionnaire and SF-36 as measuring instruments. The statistical program SPSS15.0 was used for the analysis of the data.Results
We obtained significant differences in the t-test for paired samples in the three dimensions of the WOMAC questionnaire, P<.001, in the perceived pain P<.001 and in the physical function, vitality and mental health dimensions of the SF-36 with a 95% confidence interval.Conclusion
Exercise gave positive results in functional (pain, stiffness, physical function) and psychological aspects (mental health and vitality) in the institutionalised elderly. 相似文献29.
Montserrat Lázaro del Nogal Cesareo Férnandez Paloma Serrano Andrés Santiago Patricia Villavicencio Teresa Martin 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2018,53(1):15-18
Objectives
The Hospital Clínico San Carlos Committee against violence established a protocol in 2012 in order to detect and follow-up violence against elderly persons. This article presents the experience after 3 years of its introduction, as well as an analysis comparing the differences between those younger and older than 65 years of age.Material and methods
All cases were collected during years 2013, 2014, and 2015, and were divided into two groups, A and B, according to age, younger or older than 65 years. Parameters studied were: gender, place of detection (emergency department, during hospital admission, or outpatient clinics), type of professional worker who detected each case (social workers, nurses, or physicians), previous history of violence, type of aggression (physical, psychological, financial), institutional procedures once aggression was confirmed, and deaths after one year of follow-up. The SPPS v.18.0 package was used for the statistical analysis.Results
A total of 172 cases were detected, of which 140 of them were included in group A (< 65 years), and 32 in group B (> 65 years, 22.8%). Gender: Group A: women: 93.5%. Group B: women: 78.1% (P = .014). Registration site: Group A: emergency department: 90.7%, hospital wards: 6.4%, outpatient wards: 3.0. Group B: emergency department: 65.6%, hospital wards: 31.6%, outpatient wards: 2.8% (P = .001). Notification: Group A: social worker: 25%, physician: 67.8%, nurse: 6.4%. Group B: social worker: 65.2%, physician: 28.1%, nurse: 6.2% (P < .001). Previous violence history: Group A: 62.1%. Group B: 68.7%. Type of abuse: Group A: physical: 56.4%, psychological: 2.8%, physical + psychological: 30.4%, physical + psychological + economic: 10.1%. Group B: physical: 31.1%, psychological: 5.1%, neglect: 18.7%, physical + psychological: 10.1, physical + psychological + economic: 9.8, economic: 25.1 (P < .0001). Resources employed and follow-up: Injuries: Group A: 63.5%. Group B: 31.2% (P = .001). Judicial protection measures: Group A: 12.8. Group B: 15.6 (P = .773). Removal order: Group A: 2.1. Group B: 6.25 (P = .235). More than one-third of patients in group B, and none of the patients in group A, died in the year of follow-up.Conclusions
There are more problems detected in the Emergency Department. There is a history of previous violence in more than half of the cases in both age groups. The profile of the victim is an elderly woman with significant physical and cognitive impairment. Economic abuse and neglect are more frequent in the elderly population. In our series, more than one-third of elderly patients who are victims of ill-treatment die each year. The hospital registry is fundamental for the detection and follow-up of abuse in the elderly. 相似文献30.
Martínez-Gallardo Prieto L Hermida Galindo LF D'hyver de Las Deses C 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2012,47(1):19-22