A dynamic analysis of viral load, T lymphocyte subsets and main biochemical indexes before and after prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) in HIV/AIDS

This study aims to investigate changes in viral load, T lymphocyte subsets and other main biochemical indexes of HIV/AIDS in the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT). In this study, 152 pregnant women with HIV/AIDS enrolled into our hospital from January 2013 to June 2015 were chosen as objects. Changes in viral load, T lymphocyte subsets and other main biochemical indexes of HIV/AIDS were tested and compared before and after 3 months of PMTCT and in neonatals one week after birth. The CD4/CD8 examination result, and difference in CD4 before and after prevention (in the newborns after a week) was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the rest showed no statistical significance. For the dynamic analysis of main biochemical test results: K⁺, Na⁺, Cl^-, BG, OS, BUN, BUN/Cr, UA,TDIL, DBIL, TP, ALB, CK, LDH, HDL, LDL and other indexes before and after prevention attained statistical significances (P < 0.05 or above). The same sample in the three groups was detected by repeated analysis of variance, K⁺, Na⁺, Cl^-, BG, OS, BUN/Cr, UA, DBI L, ALB, CK, LDH, HDL, LDL and other indexes also showing P at less than 0.05 or above, among which K⁺, Cl^-, CK, LDL showed homogeneity of variance, while Na⁺, BG, OS, BUN/Cr, UA, DBIL, ALB, LDH, HDL showed unequal homogeneity of variance. The study suggests that the dynamic analysis of viral load, T lymphocyte subsets and main biochemical indexes before and after PMTCT in HIV/AIDS are important means to evaluate the dose and treatment of antiretroviral drugs. Monitoring of above indexes is helpful to judge and analyze the condition of the maternal body at various stages, so antiviral drug treatment can be adjusted.     

Lichen communities in the cathedral of Leon

In the cathedral of León, 36.36% of the sampled surface is covered by up to 39 lichen taxa. Two different communities were found, either on carbonate rocks or on highly nitrified environments. The first is composed of species with crustaceous biotypes, mainly belonging to the generaCaloplaca, Aspicilia andRinodina. The other community is composed of species with foliaceous or lobed crustaceous biotypes of the generaPhyscia, Physconia andPhaeophysica, this latter community being the one producing the higher degree of physical biodeterioration, because of its higher rate of foliaceous species. The species distribution depends directly on nitrophytism, hygrophytism, photophytism and pH index, and to a lesser extent on the variation of the inclination angle, orientation and substratum type.     

不同运动干预方式对糖尿病前期人群血糖相关指标影响的Meta分析

目的：系统评价有氧运动、抗阻运动、有氧联合抗阻运动三种不同干预方式对糖尿病前期人群血糖的影响。方法：制定文献检索策略,检索PubMed、EMBASE、EBSCO外文数据库以及CNKI、Wanfang中文数据库,以手工查阅检出文献和相关参考文献作为补充,查找符合纳入标准的随机对照试验进行质量评价,运用RevMan5.2统计软件对纳入的数据进行Meta分析,运动干预组和对照组间指标采用均数差（MD）评价。结果：共纳入原始文献8篇,与对照组相比,不同运动干预方式的综合效应对空腹血糖指标无显著性影响,与按不同干预方式进行亚组分析结果一致;有氧运动及有氧联合抗阻运动对餐后2h血糖指标有显著性降低的作用（P < 0.05）;有氧运动对胰岛素抵抗指数有显著降低作用。结论：对糖尿病前期人群,运动干预对餐后2 h血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数的影响与运动方式有关,但对空腹血糖的作用尚不能确定。     

Description of a new anaerobic thermophilic bacterium,Thermoanaerobacterium butyriciformans sp. nov.

Strain USBA-019^T, an anaerobic and thermophilic strain, was identified as a new member of the genus Thermoanaerobacterium. USBA-019^T cells are gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, thermophilic, chemoorganotrophic, moderately acidophilic, non-motile, endospore-forming, slightly curved, and rod-shaped. Cells measure 0.4 × 3.0–7.0 μm. Optimal growth occurs at 50–55 °C (35–65 °C). Optimum pH is 5.0–5.5 (4.0–8.5). Thiosulfate, elemental sulfur and nitrate were utilized as electron acceptors. Fermentation of glucose, lactose, cellobiose, galactose, arabinose, xylose, starch and xylan primarily produced acetate and butyrate. Xylan, starch and cellobiose produced ethanol and starch, cellobiose, galactose, arabinose and mannose produced lactic acid. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison and genomic relatedness indices show the close relation of USBA-019^T to Thermoanaerobacterium thermostercoris and Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense (similarity value: 99%). Hybridization of USBA-019^T, Th. thermostercoris DSM22141^T and Th. aotearoense DMS10170^T found DNA–DNA relatedness of 33.2% and 18.2%, respectively. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence, along with low identity at whole genome level, USBA-019^T is a novel species of the genus Thermoanaerobacterium which we propose to name Thermoanaerobacterium butyriciformans sp. nov. The type strain is USBA-019^T (=CMPUJ U-019^T = DSM 101588^T).     

Na2CO3胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

以‘津优一号’和‘春四’黄瓜为实验材料,采用砂培法研究了Na2CO3胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理指标的影响。结果显示,随着Na2CO3浓度的增大,两个黄瓜品种的幼苗根冠比逐渐下降,叶绿素含量先上升后下降,可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、SOD活性逐渐上升;‘津优一号’的相对电导率和丙二醛含量随Na2CO3浓度的增大逐渐增加,而‘春四’的相对电导率和丙二醛含量在20 mmol.L-1时最低,此后逐渐上升。主成分分析结果显示,丙二醛含量、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素b,这5项指标在评价黄瓜幼苗的Na2CO3耐性方面是比较重要的。结合这5项指标综合分析,发现‘津优一号’较‘春四’有较强的耐碱性。     

三角帆蚌钩介幼虫在两种寄主鱼上的寄生效果及其对寄主鱼血浆生化指标的影响

利用黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvldraco)、尼罗罗非鱼(Tilapia nilotica)对三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)钩介幼虫进行了寄生实验,分析了幼虫在寄主鱼上的寄生周期和脱落数量与寄主种类、寄主鱼单尾体重的相关关系.以未寄生幼虫的罗非鱼为空白对照,测定分析了罗非鱼在幼虫寄生前、脱落后主要血浆生化指标的变化.实验结果显示:黄颡鱼、罗非鱼平均每千克体重脱落稚贝的数量分别为(26 435±6 430)只、(26 327±3 091)只,两种寄主鱼间不存在显著差异;脱落的稚贝数量随着寄主鱼体重的增加而增加,并呈显著线性相关.在水温(24±1)℃条件下,黄颡鱼组、罗非鱼组的稚贝脱落高峰分别出现在寄生后的第8 d、第7 d,罗非鱼组表现为明显的"早脱落"现象.罗非鱼在寄生前后血浆总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)、总糖(Glu)、总胆固醇(Tc)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量均未出现显著变化,而血浆甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量显著下降(P=0.001,0.020).未寄生组罗非鱼的7项指标均未出现明显变化.实验结果将为三角帆蚌钩介幼虫变态发育相关营养因子的探讨提供理论参考.     

Enhancing the performance of hazard indexes in assessing hot spots of harbour areas by considering hydrodynamic parameters

The hazard assessment strategies for harbour areas usually rely on tools able to predict environmental threats posed by contaminated sediments, mostly based on biological and chemical parameters and distinctly less on hydrological factors. Although ports are considered semi-enclosed and low-energy systems with scarce capacity to disperse contaminants to the open sea, the hydrological pattern established within the port basin cannot be neglected, especially when the localisation of hot spots is required for clean-up and remediation actions. In the present study we considered both approaches (biological/chemical and hydrological) for assessing hot spots of harbour areas. In particular, the relationship between the sediment hazard assessment c_NWAC (cumulative Normalized and Weighted Average Concentration) index (which is based on chemical and biological data) and a properly selected hydrodynamic parameter (the bottom shear stress) of the port area was investigated. This study demonstrates that marine currents influence significantly the fine-grained fraction distribution of the surficial sediments, and thus, the spatial and temporal variability of contaminant concentration. The evaluation of hydrodynamic parameters enhances the performance of hazard tools in the localization of areas of most concern and thus a detailed knowledge of the hydrodynamic features of the port seabed is advisable before defining a proper characterisation strategy for the harbour area.     

氧化锆全瓷修复与金属烤瓷修复对牙体缺损的修复效果及对牙周组织的影响

摘要 目的：探讨与对比氧化锆全瓷修复与金属烤瓷修复对牙体缺损的修复效果及对牙周组织的影响。方法：2017年5月到2019年3月选择在本院进行诊治的牙体缺损患者112例,根据随机信封抽签原则把患者分为观察组与对照组,各56例。观察组使用氧化锆全瓷修复,对照组给予金属烤瓷修复治疗,记录修复效果及对牙周组织的影响。结果：修复后6个月观察组的修复体边缘密合度、颜色与形态评价合格率分别为98.2 %、100.0 %和94.6 %,都显著高于对照组的87.5 %、89.3 %和76.8 % (P<0.05)。两组修复后6个月的探诊深度(Pocket depths,PD)与牙龈指数(Gingi valindex,GI)值都高于修复前,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组修复后6个月的龈沟液肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α与白介素(Interleukin,IL)-8值低于治疗前,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组修复后6个月的牙龈炎、修复体断裂、继发龋等并发症发生率为7.1 %,显著低于对照组的25.0 % (P<0.05)。结论：相对于金属烤瓷,氧化锆全瓷修复牙体缺损能减少对牙周组织的影响,能抑制炎症因子的释放,从而提高修复效果,减少并发症的发生。     

A case–control study between interleukin-10 gene variants and periodontal disease in dogs

Periodontal disease (PD) refers to a group of inflammatory diseases that affect the periodontium, the organ which surrounds and supports the teeth. PD is a highly prevalent disease with a multifactorial etiology and, in humans the individual susceptibility is known to be strongly determined by genetic factors. Several candidate genes have been studied, namely genes related with molecules involved in the inflammatory response. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine with important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory roles, and several studies indicate an association between IL10 polymorphisms and PD. In dogs, an important animal model in periodontology, PD is also a highly prevalent naturally occurring disease, and only now are emerging the first studies evaluating the genetic predisposition. In this case–control study, a population of 90 dogs (40 dogs with PD and 50 healthy dogs) was used to study the IL10 gene, and seven new genetic variations in this gene were identified. No statistically significant differences were detected in genotype and allele frequencies of these variations between the PD cases and control groups. Nevertheless, one of the variations (IL10/2_g.285G > A) leads to an amino acid change (glycine to arginine) in the putative signal peptide, being predicted a potential influence on IL-10 protein functionality. Further investigations are important to clarify the biological importance of these new findings. The knowledge of these genetic determinants can help to understand properly the complex causal pathways of PD, with important clinical implications.