电针神经刺激疗法联合盆底肌训练对早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术后患者尿潴留、膀胱功能和免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：观察电针神经刺激疗法联合盆底肌训练在早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术后康复中的应用价值。方法：前瞻性收集我院2020年3月~2021年10月期间收治的早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术患者98例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各49例,对照组患者指导其进行盆底肌训练,研究组患者则在盆底肌训练的基础上加以电针神经刺激疗法,对比两组尿潴留发生率以及膀胱功能、免疫功能、盆底功能恢复情况。结果：术后13周时评估结果显示,研究组的盆底肌综合肌力测定正常率高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后13周时初始尿意膀胱容量（FVS）、最大尿流率（MFR）、最大尿意膀胱容量（MVS）均较术后1周时升高,残余尿量（PVR）均较术后1周时下降,且研究组术后13周时FVS、MFR、MVS高于对照组,PVR低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后13周时血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、外周血T淋巴细胞CD3⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺均较术后1周时升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组尿潴留发生率4.08%（2/49）低于对照组22.45%（11/49）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：电针神经刺激疗法联合盆底肌训练可减少早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术后患者尿潴留的发生率,改善患者的盆底功能和膀胱功能,促进免疫功能恢复,效果较好。     

Soil enzyme inhibition by condensed litter tannins may drive ecosystem structure and processes: the case of Kalmia angustifolia

Kalmia angustifolia is an ericaceous shrub that can rapidly spread on recently harvested boreal forest sites, causing a slow-down in soil nutrient cycling and reduced growth of spruce seedlings. It has been hypothesized that tannins released from Kalmia litter suppress soil enzyme activity, and are thus important in controlling ecosystem structure and processes. Here the effects of different concentrations of tannins extracted from both Kalmia and black spruce (Picea mariana) foliage were tested on enzyme activities of soil extracts. Then the effects of various Kalmia-black spruce litter mixtures on soil enzyme activity were investigated. Lastly, the correlation between Kalmia cover in the field and soil enzyme activity was measured. Both tannin types suppressed beta-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities, and the magnitude of these effects was concentration-dependent. beta-glucosidase and amidase activity decreased linearly with an increasing Kalmia : spruce litter ratio added to soil. A field survey of 24 sites revealed a negative relationship between percentage Kalmia cover and beta-glucosidase activity. Collectively, results of the three experiments converge to support the claim that enzyme inhibition by litter tannins has evolved as an important mechanism controlling ecosystem processes and structure following Kalmia invasion on recently disturbed forest sites.     

细菌性阴道病及其 合并盆腔炎患者的阴道菌群分析

目的对比细菌性阴道病及其合并盆腔炎患者与健康个体的阴道菌群,分析阴道菌群的结构,为确定该疾病的特征细菌及研究致病机制奠定基础。方法采用临床Amsel标准筛选的17例细菌性阴道病患者、13例细菌性阴道病合并盆腔炎患者和52例健康者,使用无菌拭子采集阴道后穹窿分泌物以提取细菌基因组DNA。采用PCR技术扩增上一步得到的16S rRNA片段,而后将扩增产物通过变形梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分离以得到阴道细菌种属结构图谱,应用Quantity One软件进行聚类分析,应用凝胶测序法进行特异条带分析。检测16S rRNA基因,具体研究样品中的物种分类。结果细菌性阴道病及其合并盆腔炎患者的阴道菌群的构成与健康者相比较具有显著性差异。其中,Firmicutes等菌门细菌减少,Actinobacteria等菌门细菌增多;G.vaginallis、P.vaginallis等厌氧菌数量均增加,L.crispatus、L.iners等益生菌数量均有减少。结论细菌性阴道病及其合并盆腔炎患者的生殖道内的合并感染改变了阴道内的原有微生态平衡。两组疾病组患者的阴道菌群构成相比于健康对照组变化明显。     

Validation of AfiTagII,a device for automatic measuring of lying behaviour in Holstein and Jersey cows on two different bedding materials

Lying behaviour is important for the welfare of the cow. Therefore, reliable electronic devices may improve the management of the cows, and the devices can be used as a tool in research. However, accelerometer-based devices measure acceleration, and an algorithm is therefore necessary for the calculation of lying behaviour. Thus, validation of such devices is imperative prior to use. The objective of this study was to validate the use of the AfiTagII device for measurements of the lying time and frequency of lying bouts of Danish Holstein (DH) and Danish Jersey (DJ) cows in a loose-house system on two different bedding materials. The validation included correlations and linear regression analyses of data collected by the AfiTagII compared with data collected both by direct observations and recordings from a previously validated device (IceQube). In total, 40 cows were observed directly with primiparous and multiparous DJ and DH cows, equally represented. Furthermore, 21 cows were monitored with both AfiTagII and IceQube devices, and data from both devices were collected simultaneously. The devices were attached to the hind leg of the cow. The estimates of the lying time from the AfiTagII device was highly correlated with the recordings from direct observations (r=0.98), and there was a linear relation between these with an intercept equal to 0 and a slope close to 1. The estimates of the lying time from the AfiTagII device was also highly correlated with the IceQube recordings (r=0.94). However, the intercept deviated from 0. The frequency of lying bouts recorded by the AfiTAgII compared to direct observations showed a positive predictive value of 0.96 for lactating cows on the slatted floor and of 0.85 for the dry cows on the deep bedding. The correlations between frequency of lying bouts recorded with the two devices were high (r=0.94), but the intercept deviated from 0. In conclusion, the AfiTagII has a high accuracy for the measurements of lying behaviour in both DH and DJ cows kept on different bedding materials.     

超声造影联合声辐射力脉冲成像鉴别诊断盆腔肿物的价值

目的:评价超声造影及声辐射力脉冲成像技术在诊断及鉴别诊断盆腔良恶性肿块性质中的优越性。方法:分析术前超声造影及声辐射力脉冲成像技术在48例盆腔肿块中的检查结果,探讨两种技术对于肿块性质判定的应用价值。结果:48例中,良性肿块28例,恶性肿块20例。超声造影、声辐射力脉冲成像技术与常规超声相比,诊断的敏感性、特异性、漏诊率、误诊率、诊断准确性等指标均有统计学差异(P0.05),两者联合应用组与常规超声组相比上述指标的统计学差异更加明显(P0.01),超声造影技术和声辐射力脉冲成像技术在判断肿块良恶性方面诊断的敏感性、特异性、漏诊率、误诊率、诊断的准确性没有统计学差异(P0.05);超声造影与声辐射力脉冲成像对盆腔良恶性肿块定性诊断与病理诊断具有一致性,两者联合具有更好的一致性(Kappa=0.8362,0.7126,0.9241)。良恶性盆腔肿块中,实性为主者ARFI值均高于囊实混合性者;实性为主和囊实混合性的恶性盆腔肿块ARFI值均高于良性盆腔肿块,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:实时超声造影联合声辐射力脉冲成像技术较常规超声更具优势,可提高盆腔肿物诊断及鉴别诊断的准确性。     

盆底肌力强度对产后压力性尿失禁发生的预测作用研究

目的:探讨盆底肌力强度对产后压力性尿失禁发生的预测作用。方法:2013年4月至2014年3月,随机抽取200例在本院产检和分娩的产妇,收集其临床资料,并在产后6个月检测其盆底肌力强度,根据产妇是否有压力性尿失禁分为尿失禁组和非尿失禁组,运用双变量分析、分类和回归树等统计方法,建立一个产后压力性尿失禁的预测模型。结果:尿失禁组和非尿失禁组在慢性咳嗽、孕前已有尿失禁症状、孕期有新发尿失禁症状以及盆底肌力强度等4项因素中有统计学差异(P0.05);分类与回归树预测模型提示盆底肌力强度小于等于35.5 cm H2O、孕前已有尿失禁症状、新生儿出生体重大于2988 g及孕期有新发尿失禁症状对产后尿失禁有预测作用,其中盆底肌力强度的预测作用最显著。结论:根据预测模型筛选出产后压力性尿失禁的高危人群,及早对其进行干预,对减少产后压力性尿失禁的发生率有一定的临床意义,而预测模型的构建还需进一步的研究和验证。     

系统保留盆腔自主神经的广泛子宫切除术治疗宫颈癌及子宫内膜癌的临床效果分析

目的:探讨系统保留盆腔自主神经广泛子宫切除术治疗宫颈癌及子宫内膜癌的临床效果及安全性。方法:收集2013年6月至2014年6月我院收治的宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌患者82例,将其随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各41例。观察组行系统保留盆腔自主神经的广泛子宫切除术,对照组行传统根治性子宫切除术,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后拔除尿管时间、残余尿量、术后排气以及排便时间以及术中及术后并发症的发生情况。结果:两组的手术时间及术中出血量比较无明显差异(P0.05),但观察组的术后拔管时间、尿残余量、排气及排便时间均较对照组显著缩短或降低(P0.05)。两组的手术并发症主要包括便秘、血便、腹泻、尿路感染、尿失禁、尿频尿急,观察组并发症的总发生率较对照组显著降低(P0.05)。结论:广泛子宫切除术中系统保留盆腔自主神经有利于保护宫颈癌及子宫内膜癌患者的膀胱和直肠功能,降低手术相关并发症,提高患者的术后康复质量与生活质量。     

Tissue engineering in female pelvic floor reconstruction

Pelvic organ prolapse is a common and frequently occurring disease in middle‐aged and elderly women. Mesh implantation is an ideal surgical treatment. The polypropylene mesh commonly used in clinical practice has good mechanical properties, but there are long‐term complications. The application of tissue engineering technology in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse disease can not only meet the mechanical requirements of pelvic floor support, but also be more biocompatible than traditional polypropylene mesh, and can promote tissue repair to a certain extent. In this paper, the progress of tissue engineering was summarized to understand the application of tissue engineering in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse disease and will help in research.     

不同入路手术对骨盆髋臼骨折患者骨折复位质量、髋关节功能及炎症因子的影响

目的:探讨不同入路手术对骨盆髋臼骨折患者骨折复位质量、髋关节功能及炎症因子的影响。方法:回顾性分析2016年7月～2018年12月期间我院收治的91例骨盆髋臼骨折患者的临床资料,根据入路方式的不同将其分为A组(n=44,髂腹股沟入路)和B组(n=47,改良Stoppa入路),比较两组患者复位质量、围术期指标、髋关节功能及炎症因子水平,记录两组患者随访期间并发症发生情况。结果:B组术中出血量少于A组,手术切口长度短于A组(P0.05);两组手术显露时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。B组的骨折复位优良率为85.11%(40/47),高于A组的65.91%(29/44)(P0.05)。与术前相比,两组患者出院时、术后6个月的改良Postel评分成逐渐升高趋势(P0.05);两组患者术前、出院时、术后6个月的改良Postel评分组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后7 d血清白介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原(PCT)水平均高于术前,但B组低于A组(P0.05)。B组随访期间并发症发生率低于A组(P0.05)。结论:改良Stoppa入路手术与髂腹股沟入路手术均可改善骨盆髋臼骨折患者髋关节功能,但经改良Stoppa入路手术者骨折复位质量更佳,创伤更小,炎症反应更轻,同时还可减少并发症发生率。     

金英胶囊联合阿奇霉素对慢性盆腔炎患者盆腔血流动力学、炎症细胞因子和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

摘要 目的：观察金英胶囊联合阿奇霉素对慢性盆腔炎患者盆腔血流动力学、炎症细胞因子和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法：按照随机数字表法，将2020年3月~2022年9月期间湖南省妇幼保健院收治的147例慢性盆腔炎患者分为对照组（阿奇霉素片治疗，73例）和研究组（金英胶囊联合阿奇霉素片治疗，74例）。对比两组临床指标、盆腔血流动力学、炎症细胞因子和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平，同时观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果：与对照组相比，研究组乏力、腰骶疼痛、白带量多等症状缓解时间更短（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，研究组治疗后白细胞介素-10（IL-10）更高，白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）更低（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，研究组治疗后CD8⁺更低，CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺+/CD8⁺更高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，研究组治疗后卵巢动脉、子宫动脉的阻力指数（RI）更低，卵巢动脉、子宫动脉的脉搏指数（PI）、收缩期峰值流速（PSV）更高（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率组间比较无差异（P>0.05）。结论：金英胶囊联合阿奇霉素治疗慢性盆腔炎患者，可促进临床症状改善，可能与改善患者的盆腔血流动力学、炎症细胞因子和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平有关。