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11.
Two new compounds, named leptospyranonaphthazarin A (1) and leptosnaphthoic acid A (2), together with four known compounds (3–6) were isolated from an endophytic fungus Leptosphaerulina sp. SKS032. Their structures were assigned using spectroscopic methods, computational methods, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the antibiotic assay, compounds 1, 2, and 6 exhibited antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 25.0, 50.0, and 50.0 μg/mL, respectively. 相似文献
12.
13.
SYNOPSIS. A new species of Microsporida, Burenella dimorpha sp. n., representing a new family, Burenellidae fam. n. and genus, is described on the basis of light- and electron-microscope observations. The family is characterized by 2 sequences of sporogony, each sequence having morphologically different sporonts and spores. The parasite infects the tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius), producing distinct pathologic manifestations (clearing of the cuticle and eye malformation) and death in the pupal stage of development. Transmission of the infection per os to healthy S. geminata, to the Southern fire ant, Solenopsis xyloni McCook, and to the red and black imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren and Solenopsis richteri Forel, is reported. 相似文献
14.
G. Kozianowski F. Canganella F. A. Rainey H. Hippe G. Antranikian 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》1997,1(4):171-182
A novel thermophilic spore-forming anaerobic microorganism (strain Ab9) able to grow on citrus pectin and polygalacturonic
acid (pectate) was isolated from a thermal spa in Italy. The newly isolated strain grows optimally at 70°C with a growth rate
of 0.23 h−1 with pectin and 0.12 h−1 with pectate as substrates. Xylan, starch, and glycogen are also utilized as carbon sources and thermoactive xylanolytic
(highest activity at 70°–75°C), amylolytic as well as pullulolytic enzymes (highest activity at 80°–85°C) are formed. Two
thermoactive pectate lyases were isolated from the supernatant of a 300-l culture of isolate Ab9 after growth on citrus pectin.
The two enzymes (lyases a and b) were purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate treatment, anion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography and
finally by preparative gel electrophoresis. After sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis, lyase a appeared as a single polypeptide with a molecular mass of 135 000 Da whereas lyase b consisted of two subunits with molecular masses of 93 000 Da and 158 000 Da. Both enzymes displayed similar catalytic properties
with optimal activity at pH 9.0 and 80°C. The enzymes were very stable at 70°C and at 80°C with a half-life of more than 60
min. The maximal activity of the purified lyases was observed with orange pectate (100%) and pectate-sodium salt (90%), whereas
pectin was attacked to a much lesser extent (50%). The K
m values of both lyases for pectate and citrus pectin were 0.5 g·l−1 and 5.0 g·l−1, respectively. After incubation with polygalacturonic acid, mono-, di-, and tri-galacturonate were detected as final products.
A 2.5-fold increase of activity was obtained when pectate lyases were incubated in the presence of 1 mM Ca2+. The addition of 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) resulted in complete inhibition of the enzymes. These heat-stable
enzymes represent the first pectate-lyases isolated and characterized from a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium. On the basis
of the results of the 16S rRNA sequence comparisons and the observed phenotypic differences, we propose strain Ab9 as a new
species of Thermoanaerobacter, namely Thermoanaerobacter italicus sp. nov.
Received: May 25, 1997 / Accepted: June 5, 1997 相似文献
15.
16.
A. H. Coetzer 《Hydrobiologia》1987,144(3):193-210
Paramesochra mielkei sp.n. is described and figured from the interstices of subtidal sandy sediments off the SW Dutch coast. Kunz' (1981) phylogenetic scheme of the Paramesochridae Lang, 1948 is re-examined and it is suggested that the family comprises two phyletic lines which originated early in paramesochrid evolution. Translation into Linnean hierarchies implies the establishment of two new sub-families. Within the primitive Diarthrodellinae subfam. n., Tisbisoma Bozic, 1964 is ancestral to Diarthrodella Klie, 1949 s.l. and Rossopsyllus Soyer, 1975. Remanea Klie, 1929 is transferred to the Paramesochrinae subfam. n. which comprises the genera of both the Scottopsyllus- and the Paramesochra-group. The aberrant genus Caligopsyllus Kunz, 1975, standing close to Apodopsyllus, is removed from the Paramesochra-group. P. brevifurca Galhano, 1970 is splitted into two subspecies and replaced in the genus Paramesochra. An attempt is made to assess the phyletic interrelationships of the Paramesochra-species and the resulting cladogram splits the genus into four species-groups. P. mielkei sp.n. is referred to the dubia-group and seems to be closely related to P. borealis Geddes, 1981. Finally, an amended diagnosis and a revised key to the species of the genus Paramesochra are presented. 相似文献
17.
本文报告了福建厦门地区寄生于鸭鹅类的膜壳科绦虫计5属9种。实验阐明了5种绦虫的生活史,其中有三种生活史为我国首次报告。厦门地区有5种嵌水甲壳类可作膜壳绦虫的中间宿主。其中短角异剑水蚤(Apocyclops royi)是矛形剑带绦虫和片形皱缘绦虫的审间宿主,不等异介虫(Heterocypris anomala)为新发现的棘盘双睾绦虫的中间宿主,介虫(Cyprinotus sp.)为新发现的美丽膜壳绦虫的中间宿主。 相似文献
18.
Anaerobic degradation of phenol by pure cultures of newly isolated denitrifying pseudomonads 总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33
From various oxic or anoxic habitats several strains of bacteria were isolated which in the absence of molecular oxygen oxidized phenol to CO2 with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor. All strains grew in defined mineral salts medium; two of them were further characterized. The bacteria were facultatively anaerobic Gramnegative rods; metabolism was strictly oxidative with molecular oxygen, nitrate, or nitrite as electron acceptor. The isolates were tentatively identified as pseudomonads. Besides phenol many other benzene derivatives like cresols or aromatic acids were anaerobically oxidized in the presence of nitrate. While benzoate or 4-hydroxybenzoate was degraded both anaerobically and aerobically, phenol was oxidized under anaerobic conditions only. Reduced alicyclic compounds were not degraded. Preliminary evidence is presented that the first reaction in anaerobic phenol oxidation is phenol carboxylation to 4-hydroxybenzoate. 相似文献
19.
Growth of Nitrobacter by dissimilatoric nitrate reduction 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract Eight strains of the genus Nitrobacter grew under anaerobic conditions in the presence of nitrate. The growth was inhibited by nitrate concentrations above 0.5 mM. By a special culture technique inhibition caused by nitrite was abolished. Nitrate oxidizing cells grew in gas tight culture flasks as a biofilm on a gas-permeable silicone tubing. The biofilm allowed nitrate-reducing cells to grow at a low nitrite concentration. These cells grew either actively motile in the anaerobic medium, or in anaerobic zones of the biofilm. They produced nitrite and ammonia. Nitrogen balance calculations established a loss of inorganic nitrogen for 5 of 8 strains. This implies that nitrate-reducing cells produced furthermore volatile nitrogen compounds. N2 O was detected by gas chromatography. 相似文献
20.
Pathogenicity of some chrysosporium species isolated in France 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In order to appreciate the pathogenicity of several geophilic Chrysosporium species (including Anixiopsis stercoraria, Chrysosporium keratinophilum, C. tropicum, C. pannorum, C. state of Arthroderma curreyi, C. state of A. multifidum, and C. state of A. tuberculatum), the authors have realized two series of experimental infestations. Inoculation of these fungi on the back of guinea pigs produced rare erythematous scaling lesions which spontaneously disappeared 3–5 weeks later. No real hair invasion was observed. In white mice, eight weeks after intraperitoneal inoculation, granulomas with necrotic center were observed in the peritoneal tissue with C. keratinophilum, C. tropicum, C. state of A. curreyi and C. state of A. tuberculatum. Conidia were often intact in necrotic centers and retrocultures were positive. With C. state of A. curreyi, spherical spores associated with rare budding cells were noted. The pathogenic role of these keratinophilic fungi is uncertain. However, their ability to remain viable for several weeks in skin and peritoneal tissue indicates that they could become pathogen in certain circumstances.This paper was presented at the Xth congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology at Barcelona, Spain from June 27 to July 1, 1988. 相似文献