秦川牛GHR基因SNPs及其与生长性状关系的研究

利用PCR-SSCP技术研究了136头秦川牛GHR基因第10外显子多态性, 所研究的秦川牛群体GHR基因该座位存在多态性, 发现了A、B、C 3个等位基因, 其基因频率依次为0.5956、0.2905、0.1140, 并且群体处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。对纯合基因型个体进行测序, 测序结果, 该座位存在两个突变位点。通过构建最小二乘线性模型, 分析了生长激素受体基因与生长性状的关系, 表明生长激素受体基因的AB基因型效应在部分生长性状上高于其他基因型, 差异达到显著水平, 提示GHR基因有可能作为秦川牛生长性状的侯选基因。     

鸡H-FABP基因多态性及其与屠宰性能的关联分析

以90日龄草科鸡为实验材料, 对H-FABP基因进行PCR扩增, 采用PCR-SSCP技术结合测序分析了H-FABP基因在草科鸡中的多态性。结果表明: 草科鸡中存在332 G→A、534 G→A、835 C→T、1131→A、1294C→A、2329C→T、2372C→T、2636C→T等8处突变。经过基因型与屠宰性能的关联分析得知: 在7对产生多态的引物中, 只有第1对引物的各基因型与活重、屠体重、胸肌重、腿肌重和半净膛重差异显著(P<0.05); 全净膛重在不同基因型间差异极显著(P<0.01)。 由此推测, H-FABP可能对于鸡屠宰性能具有很大的影响或与控制屠宰性能的主基因连锁。     

P53基因PCR-SSCP银染检查痰标本诊断肺癌初步探索

目的：为了解痰标本检测肺癌患者Ｐ５３基因突变的可行性及其对临床诊断的意义。材料与方法：采用改良Ｓａｃｃｏｍａｎｎｏ法浓缩及保存痰标本,部分涂片找癌细胞,其余标本进行痰细胞ＤＮＡ提取及多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）－单链构象多态性分析（ＳＳＣＰ）共检测２２例病人,其中确诊肺癌病人１５例（涂片或活检找到癌细胞）、临床高度怀疑肺癌病人５例（涂片或活检均阴性）、２例非肿瘤病人（１例为结节病,另１为左中叶肺炎）,同     

PCR-SSCP技术在微生物检测中的应用

聚合酶链式反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)是一种能够检测DNA突变的分子生物学分析技术,具有快速、简便、灵敏与适于大样本筛选的特点,近年来被广泛应用于生命科学领域的研究。对PCR-SSCP技术在微生物检测研究领域的应用和发展作简要的介绍。     

MH-DAB gene polymorphism and disease resistance to Flavobacterium columnare in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

In this study, the association between MH-DAB gene polymorphism and disease resistance was evaluated by challenging grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) with Flavobacterium columnare. Eight genotypes and six alleles were found, and named by common nomenclature. The genotypes AA, BB, EE, and DE, and the alleles Ctid-DAB1*0101, Ctid-DAB1*0201 and Ctid-DAB1*0401 were more preponderant in fish. The genotype BB was associated with higher resistance to F. columnare, as well as two alleles Ctid-DAB*0101 and Ctid-DAB*0201. Allele Ctid-DAB*0102 has decreased resistance to F. columnare. The expression of MH-DAB gene was decreased in the liver, kidney, and intestine but not in the spleen, gill, and skin at 2 days post infection (dpi), versus to that in the control group. MH-DAB gene expression was up-regulated in most tissues but remained at normal levels in the intestine at 15 days post infection. Our data suggested that MH-DAB polymorphism can be used as a potential genetic marker for disease resistance breeding of grass carp in the future.     

Characterization of β-casein gene in Indian riverine buffalo

The study aimed at characterization of buffalo β-casein gene and its promoter by PCR-SSCP analysis. Complete β-casein exon VII region analysis revealed two SSCP band patterns, with pattern-I representing predominant allele B (85%) present in homozygous (genotype BB) condition and pattern-II representing a rare allele A1 present in heterozygous condition (genotype A1B). Sequencing of two patterns revealed three nucleotide substitutions at codon 68, 151 and 193 of exon VII. The cDNA sequence of buffalo β-casein gene indicated three further nucleotide substitutions between allele A1 and B at codon 10, 39, and 41. Analysis of β-casein proximal promoter region (− 350 upstream to + 32) revealed four SSCP band patterns. These SSCP patterns corresponded to nucleotide substitutions at seven locations within 382 bp 5′ UTR region of β-casein gene. Haplotype analysis suggested pattern-I of exon VII (wild type) was associated with three types of promoters and pattern-II of exon VII (rare type) corresponded to one exclusive type of promoter. The study suggested two haplotypes of exon VII and four haplotypes of promoter for buffalo β-casein.     

不同紫花苜蓿品种根瘤菌遗传多样性的PCR-SSCP分析

用PCR-SSCP方法对分离自23个紫花苜蓿品种的42株供试根瘤菌和2株苜蓿根瘤菌参比菌株Sinorhi-zobium meliloti、Sinorhizobium medica进行遗传多样性分析.结果表明,供试的紫花苜蓿根瘤菌存在丰富的遗传多样性,在16S rDNA的V2~V3区段中有12种不同的等位基因,V4~V5区段有13种不同的等位基因,基因型27个;大部分供试菌株的基因型各不相同,来自同一品种菌株之间表现出不同的基因型,来自不同品种的菌株却表现出相同的基因型;9株供试菌株在V2~V3区段的基因型与参比菌株S.meliloti相同,所有供试菌株的基因型与参比菌株S.medica都不同.     

110例维吾尔族及汉族乳腺癌中BRCA1基因突变及P53蛋白表达的研究

目的研究维吾尔族及汉族乳腺癌患者BRCA1基因突变及P53蛋白的表达。方法选取70例维吾尔族和40例汉族乳腺癌根治标本,对照组为32例维汉族乳腺良性病变(纤维腺病及纤维腺瘤)及乳腺癌旁非癌组织;运用PCR-SSCP和DNA序列测定的方法检测BRCA1基因突变及Evision二步法检测P53蛋白的表达。结果(1)110例维吾尔族及汉族乳腺癌中发现BRCA1突变的14个新位点。(2)110例维吾尔族及汉族乳腺癌BRCA1的突变率为10%,其中22例维吾尔族早发性乳腺癌(≤35岁)BRCA1突变率为31.82%,高于维吾尔族晚发性乳腺癌(P<0.01)。(3)110例维吾尔族及汉族乳腺癌中发现11例BRCA1基因核苷酸多态性位点。(4)BRCA1基因突变相关性乳腺癌中P53蛋白阳性表达率高于对照组,其淋巴结转移率高于对照组,其发病年龄小于对照组(P<0.01)。结论BRCA1基因突变与新疆维吾尔族早发性乳腺癌密切相关,且BRCA1突变相关性乳腺癌具有P53阳性率高、发病年龄趋于年轻化、淋巴结转移率高的趋势,这些特点有可能为基因检测前的筛选提供参考依据。     

Detecting novel SNPs and breed-specific haplotypes at calpastatin gene in Iranian fat- and thin-tailed sheep breeds and their effects on protein structure

Calpastatin has been introduced as a potential candidate gene for growth and meat quality traits. In this study, genetic variability was investigated in the exon 6 and its intron boundaries of ovine CAST gene by PCR-SSCP analysis and DNA sequencing. Also a protein sequence and structural analysis were performed to predict the possible impact of amino acid substitutions on physicochemical properties and structure of the CAST protein. A total of 487 animals belonging to four ancient Iranian sheep breeds with different fat metabolisms, Lori-Bakhtiari and Chall (fat-tailed), Zel-Atabay cross-bred (medium fat-tailed) and Zel (thin-tailed), were analyzed. Eight unique SSCP patterns, representing eight different sequences or haplotypes, CAST-1, CAST-2 and CAST-6 to CAST-11, were identified. Haplotypes CAST-1 and CAST-2 were most common with frequency of 0.365 and 0.295. The novel haplotype CAST-8 had considerable frequency in Iranian sheep breeds (0.129). All the consensus sequences showed 98–99%, 94–98%, 92–93% and 82–83% similarity to the published ovine, caprine, bovine and porcine CAST locus sequences, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed four SNPs in intron 5 (C24T, G62A, G65T and T69-) and three SNPs in exon 6 (c.197A > T, c.282G > T and c.296C > G). All three SNPs in exon 6 were missense mutations which would result in p.Gln 66 Leu, p.Glu 94 Asp and p.Pro 99 Arg substitutions, respectively, in CAST protein. All three amino acid substitutions affected the physicochemical properties of ovine CAST protein including hydrophobicity, amphiphilicity and net charge and subsequently might influence its structure and effect on the activity of Ca2 + channels; hence, they might regulate calpain activity and afterwards meat tenderness and growth rate. The Lori-Bakhtiari population showed the highest heterozygosity in the ovine CAST locus (0.802). Frequency difference of haplotypes CAST-10 and CAST-8 between Lori-Bakhtiari (fat-tailed) and Zel (thin-tailed) breeds was highly significant (P < 0.001), indicating that these two haplotypes might be breed-specific haplotypes that distinguish between fat-tailed and thin-tailed sheep breeds.