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41.
《Free radical research》2013,47(9):1085-1094
AbstractMitochondrial superoxide flash (mitoflash) reflects quantal and bursting superoxide production and concurrent membrane depolarization triggered by transient mitochondrial permeability transition in many types of cells, at the level of single mitochondria. Here we investigate reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated modulation of mitoflash activity in cardiac myocytes and report a surprising finding that hypochlorite ions potently and preferentially triggered mitoflashes in the subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM), whereas hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) elicited mitoflash activity uniformly among SSM and interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM). The striking SSM mitoflash response to hypochlorite stimulation remained intact in cardiac myocytes from NOX2-deficient mice, excluding local NOX2-mediated ROS as the major player. Furthermore, it occurred concomitantly with SSM Ca2+ accumulation and local Ca2+ and CaMKII signaling played an important modulatory role by altering frequency and unitary properties of SSM mitoflashes. These findings underscore the functional heterogeneity of SSM and IFM and the oxidant-specific responsiveness of mitochondria to ROS, and may bear important ramifications in devising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of oxidative stress-related heart diseases. 相似文献
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The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in plants, like in other eukaryotes, targets numerous intracellular regulators and thus modulates almost every aspect of growth and development. The well-known and best-characterized outcome of ubiquitination is mediating target protein degradation via the 26S proteasome, which represents the major selective protein degradation pathway conserved among eukaryotes. In this review, we will discuss the molecular composition, regulation and function of plant UPS, with a major focus on how DELLA protein degradation acts as a key in gibberellin signal transduction and its implication in the regulation of plant growth. 相似文献
44.
Bonny Breckinridge DiNovo Richard Doan Roy B. Dyer Samuel Baron Norbert K. Herzog David W. Niesel 《FEMS immunology and medical microbiology》1996,15(2-3):149-158
Abstract Pathogenesis mediated by Shigella flexneri requires invasion of the gastrointestinal epithelium. It has been previously shown that HeLa cells challenged with S. flexneri show alterations in their phosphotyrosine-containing protein profile. In this report, we demonstrated that bacterial water extracts (WE) abrogated the invasion of HeLa cells by S. flexneri in a dose-dependent manner. A proteinaceous component of S. flexneri was shown to be responsible for this inhibitory activity. Proteins encoded on the 140-MDa plasmid were not responsible for the observed inhibition. WE from other Gram-negative bacteria also inhibited Shigella invasion of HeLa cells. HeLa cells pretreated with WE showed changes in the profile and the intensity of phosphotyrosine-containing protein bands. These data were consistent with a surface protein component in WE which initiated aberrant host cell signaling at the membrane which may account for the inhibition of bacterial entry. 相似文献
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Involvement of dying beta cell originated messenger molecules in differentiation of pancreatic mesenchymal stem cells under glucotoxic and glucolipotoxic conditions 下载免费PDF全文
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Kenyi Saito-Diaz Hassina Benchabane Ajit Tiwari Ai Tian Bin Li Joshua J. Thompson Annastasia S. Hyde Leah M. Sawyer Jeanne N. Jodoin Eduardo Santos Laura A. Lee Robert J. Coffey R. Daniel Beauchamp Christopher S. Williams Anne K. Kenworthy David J. Robbins Yashi Ahmed Ethan Lee 《Developmental cell》2018,44(5):566-581.e8
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Mitochondria sense and shape cytosolic Ca2+ signals by taking up and subsequently releasing Ca2+ ions during physiological and pathological Ca2+ elevations. Sustained elevations in the mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ concentration are increasingly recognized as a defining feature of the intracellular cascade of lethal events that occur in neurons during cerebral ischemia. Here, we review the recently identified transport proteins that mediate the fluxes of Ca2+ across mitochondria and discuss the implication of the permeability transition pore in decoding the abnormally sustained mitochondrial Ca2+ elevations that occur during cerebral ischemia. 相似文献
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Goryachev AB Lichius A Wright GD Read ND 《BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology》2012,34(4):259-266
Here we elucidate a paradox: how a single chemoattractant-receptor system in two individuals is used for communication despite the seeming inevitability of self-excitation. In the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, genetically identical cells that produce the same chemoattractant fuse via the homing of individual cell protrusions toward each other. This is achieved via a recently described "ping-pong" pulsatile communication. Using a generic activator-inhibitor model of excitable behavior, we demonstrate that the pulse exchange can be fully understood in terms of two excitable systems locked into a stable oscillatory pattern of mutual excitation. The most puzzling properties of this communication are the sudden onset of oscillations with final amplitude, and the absence of seemingly inevitable self-excitation. We show that these properties result directly from both the excitability threshold and refractory period characteristic of excitable systems. Our model suggests possible molecular mechanisms for the ping-pong communication. 相似文献
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