中国的沙蜥属研究

本文对我国迄今所知的１８种沙蜥,进行了生物学特性,地理成分和分布的叙述,并依据其开矿特征分别编制民成,幼体的种类检索表,供分类以及野外采集和生态研究时鉴定蜥种使用。     

Ultrahistochemical and autoradiographic evidence for epithelial transport in the uterus of the ovoviviparous salamander,Salamandra salamandra (L.) (Amphibia,Urodela)

Summary The uterine epithelium of pregnant females of the terrestrial ovoviviparous Salamandra salamandra is characterized by a considerable enlargement of its basolateral surface. Chloride and cations (among others sodium), preferentially within the intercellular spaces, can be demonstrated ultrahistochemically. There is indirect evidence of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity along the basolateral plasma membranes of the epithelial cells using the Sr-technique for demonstration of a K⁺-NPPase and ³H-ouabain autoradiography. Preliminary measurements reveal a potential difference across the uterine wall of 15–25mV, the lumenal (mucosal) surface being negative with respect to the coelomic (serosal) surface, and a short circuit current of 200–300 A. The possibly electrogenic ion transport is ouabain-sensitive. The results are in agreement with the model of a forward transporting, i.e. absorptive epithelium. An active transport of solute out of the uterine lumen across the epithelium to the subjacent connective tissue and the blood vessels may be involved in the regulation of an intrauterine milieu appropriate for the development of the offspring.I am indebted to Miss Dr. U. Beigel, Zoologisches Institut der Universität Münster, for linguistic help     

Progress on reproductive modes of sarcosaphagous flies

The reproduction strategies of invertebrates, oviparity, ovoviviparity and viviparity, always reflect the relationship between individuals and their surroundings. There is plasticity in the reproductive strategies of sarcosaphagous flies as they adjust to rapidly changing circumstances. The transition from oviparity to ovoviviparity or viviparity involves numerous changes in physiology, morphology and immunology. Demonstrating these processes can make the application of entomology work in forensic practice more reliable. This essay reviews means of reproduction in sarcosaphagous flies and identifies related features. It is shown that not only the reproduction traits, such as fast location of carrion, and uncommon number of ovaries and oogenesis, but also some morphological features are related to viviparity. In general, viviparous flies have larger adult bodies but smaller eggs and chorions. Moreover, the length of terminalia and the shape of the vagina also varies among those three modes. Reproductive plasticity is a bridge between the three reproductive modes, and it can greatly influence the inference of the post-mortem interval (PMImin).