Nouvelle nomenclature lithostratigraphique « événementielle » pour le Jurassique de la Tunisie atlasique

The various and heterogeneous nomenclatures previously proposed for the Jurassic of both central and northern Tunisia were examined and revised. In this work we propose a new lithostratigraphic chart taking into account the progress of our knowledge on the sedimentological and palaeontological (ammonites) aspects obtained during the two late decades. This chart summarizes and restores the major sedimentary and stratigraphic events (discontinuities) recorded in the Jurassic rocks. It outlines the main phases of the palaeogeographic evolution of the Tunisian atlasic domain during the Jurassic, in relation with the main controlling factor (tectonic and eustatism), which accompanied the tethyan rifting.     

Mesozoic woods from India: Nomenclature review and palaeoclimatic implications

Nomenclature reappraisal, diversity pattern and palaeoclimatic implications of Jurassic, Triassic and Early Cretaceous pycnoxylic woods in India are undertaken in the present study. Among the fourteen generic names published previously, only eight are validly published and the rest are nomenclaturally illegitimate. About 51 species were reported under these genera to date. There is a gradual increase of species diversity of fossil wood from the Triassic to Early Cretaceous. The nature of the growth rings was applied to understand the palaeoclimate. The lack of distinct growth rings in the Triassic woods suggests absence of seasonality. The Jurassic woods with an inconsistency in growth rings and presence of growth interruptions suggest climate was seasonal and turbulent. During the Early Cretaceous, conifer dominated vegetation and with wider growth rings and gradual transition suggests warm environments with pronounced seasonality. The general increase in mean ring width from the Triassic to Early Cretaceous indicates ameliorating climatic conditions, particularly benign summer conditions.     

The starting point rules and stability of nomenclature

Changes in the rules are contraproductive and in contradiction to the Preamble of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Voss & al. 1983), especially if the consequences are insufficiently researched before binding, basic, retroactive alterations are introduced. The most confusing and upsetting alterations concern those accepted at Sydney with regard to the starting point rule, Art. 13.1 (d). It is recommended that Proposal 42 (Taxon 1984) be accepted at Berlin.     

On the uncertainty beneath the name Oithona similis Claus, 1866 (Copepoda,Cyclopoida)

The marine cyclopoid Oithona similis sensu lato Claus, 1866, is considered to be one of the most abundant and ubiquitous copepods in the world. However, its minimal original diagnosis and the unclear connection with its (subjective) senior synonym Oithona helgolandica Claus, 1863, may have caused frequent misidentification of the species. Consequently, it seems possible that several closely related but distinct forms are being named Oithona similis or Oithona helgolandica without explicit and accurate discrimination. Here the current situation concerning the correct assignment of the two species is revised, the morphological characters commonly used to identify and distinguish each species are summarized, and the nomenclatural implications of indiscriminately using these names in current taxonomic and ecological practice is considered. It is not intended to upset a long-accepted name in its accustomed meaning but certainly the opposite. “In pursuit of the maximum stability compatible with taxonomic freedom” (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature), we consider that reassessment of the diagnostic characters of Oithona similis sensu stricto cannot be postponed much longer. While a consensus on taxonomy and nomenclatural matters can be attained, we strongly recommend specifically reporting the authority upon which the identification of either Oithona similis s.l. or Oithona helgolandica s.l. has been accomplished.     

Typification of the genus Dileptus Dujardin, 1841 (Ciliophora,Rhynchostomatia)

In their monograph of the dileptids, Vďačný and Foissner (2012) could not clarify the type species of the genus Dileptus Dujardin, 1841. Thus, they suggested that the problem be referred to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. However, recently we discovered that Dujardin (1841) has originally typified Dileptus with Amphileptus anser sensu Ehrenberg (1838) which is in fact a misidentified Amphileptus margaritifer Ehrenberg, 1833, a common species also originally classified in Dileptus. Under Article 70.3.2 of the Code, Dileptus margaritifer (Ehrenberg, 1833) Dujardin, 1841, thoroughly redescribed by Foissner et al. (1995), is now the type of Dileptus. This has the great advantages of historical continuity and that new combinations (names) are not required.     

Monographic treatment of Paraholosticha muscicola (Ciliophora,Keronopsidae), including morphological and molecular biological characterization of a brackish water population from Korea

Paraholosticha muscicola, type species of Paraholosticha Wenzel, inhabits mainly terrestrial habitats, but also freshwater. A brackish water population from Korea is described, the first record from such a habitat. Principal component analysis shows that this population is more similar to a terrestrial population from Denmark than to a population from Antarctic soil. Keronopsids have two strong morphological/ontogenetic apomorphies (frontal corona formed from anlagen I–III; division in cysts). However, the SSU rRNA sequence of the Korean population does not cluster with that of the Antarctic population in the phylogenetic tree, but both branch off consecutively and immediately before a mixture of other non-dorsomarginalian hypotrichs, including two further keronopsids. Furthermore, the keronopsids cluster in the phylogenetic network, providing phylogenetic conflicts, which cannot be exemplified in the conventional gene tree. To complete the picture of P. muscicola, we provide a detailed overview about nomenclature, history, taxonomy, and its geographic distribution. From the four synonyms proposed so far, we tentatively accept only P. lichenicola and P. ovata. Paraholosticha algivora is likewise very similar. Thus we propose to include these three taxa as members of the P. muscicola complex. Stylonethes sterkii and P. algivora are transferred to Paraholosticha Wenzel. A key to the Paraholosticha species is provided.     

化石分散角质层的分类和命名概述

本文扼要地报道了前人对化石分散角质层分类和命名的进展,其中详细地介绍了Roselt和Schneider两种分类法。作者根据实践,认为气孔的有无、气孔器的组合类型和垂周壁的形态,可作为建立化石分散角质层的大类、类和亚类等较高的分类单位。     

Restoring <Emphasis Type="Italic">Daphnia lacustris</Emphasis> G.O. Sars, 1862 (Crustacea,Anomopoda): a cryptic species in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Daphnia longispina</Emphasis> group

While molecular markers have revealed several distinct species within the Daphnia longispina group, there is a need to reconcile these species with traditional nomenclature. Here we show that one such species, called D. longispina in recent literature based on molecular markers, can reliably be associated with the described taxon Daphnia lacustris G.O. Sars, 1862. Both mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers readily distinguish this species from others in the D. longispina group. D. lacustris is absent in the region from which D. longispina was first described (Denmark), and the designation D. longispina must be reserved for another widespread species represented by Danish lineages. While the diagnosis of D. lacustris (and other species of the D. longispina group) by molecular markers is unequivocal, distinguishing it morphologically from other species is still problematic. The presently known distribution range of D. lacustris includes most of Norway, northern Finland and a single lake in the Polish Tatra Mountains. Its typical habitat is oligotrophic lakes without intense fish predation. Guest editor: Piet Spaak Cladocera: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Cladocera