华南大戟科植物的增补

作者清理采自中国南部大戟科标本过程,发现一些需增补的分类群,现报道其中２个新种：分布于广东封开县的印禅铁苋菜Ａｃａｌｙｐｈａｗｕｉ和印禅三宝木Ｔｒｉｇｏｎｏｓｔｅｍｏｎｗｕｉ;２个新纪录种：分布于云南勐海县的短序白桐树Ｃｌａｏｘｙｌｏｎｓｕｂｓｅｓｓｉｌｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ和生长于海南南沙群岛的南沙大戟Ｅｕｐｈｏｒｂｉａｒｅｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ;１个近代生长于广东、贵州和四川的归化种－桃叶猩猩草Ｅｕｐｈｏｒｂｉａｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌａ,而将依据四川渡口的标本命名的柳叶大戟Ｅ．ｅｐｉｌｉｂｉｉｆｏｌｉａ作为它的新异名．     

南亚和东南亚巨蜥居群的种间亲缘和越南─新种描述

１９９２年１１月１５日从云南省河口县城自由市场的一位越南人手中买得一雌性巨蜥,经鉴定为一新种,定名为越南巨蜥Ｖａｒａｎｕｓｖｉｅｔｎａｍｅｎｓｉｓ。鉴别特征：新种背部鳞片光滑,仅在后半部插有极少的起棱鳞片,不同于Ｖ．ｎｅｂｕｌｏｓｕｓ（Ｂｏｕｌｅｎｇｅｒ,１８８５,１８９０;Ｔａｙｌｏｒ,１９６３）;新种不同于Ｖ．ｓａｌｖａｔｏｒ在于其背部没有眼斑状横斑带（ｏｃｅｌｌｉｍａｒｋｓ）（Ｇｕｅｎｔｈｅｒ,１８６４;Ｈａｒｒｉｓｏｎ等,１９５７;Ｐｏｐｅ,１９３５）;不同于Ｖ．ｉｒｒａｗａｒｄｉｃｕｓ（Ｙａｎｇ等,１９８７）,Ｖ．ｇｒｉｓｅｕｓ和Ｖ．ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒ（Ｓｍｉｔｈ,１９３５）在于有６─７个横向扩大的眼上鳞。文中运用了１５个外部性状对产于南亚,东南亚大陆及岛屿共９个种（含新种）的种间亲缘关系进行了研究,结果认为,种间亲缘关系的亲疏与分布地区相距的远近成正相关。     

云南小孢发属地衣的分类

报道了云南小孢发属地衣１３种,其中中国新记录种６个,它们是：喜马拉雅小孢发,尼泊尔小孢发,光滑小孢发,光亮小孢发,多叉小孢发,波氏小孢发,另外７种的形态及分布也在文中进行了讨论。     

中国樟科新分类群

描写了西藏墨脱县的９个新种和两个新变种,它们是墨脱油丹、西藏球楠、扁果木姜子、勃生木姜子、少花木姜子、树志木姜子、柔毛长蕊木姜子（变种）、西藏新木姜子（变种）、纤枝钓樟等。     

新疆六个民族指纹白线的调查研究The hand Print of Six Nationalities in Xinjiang

本文首次报道了新家6各民族6134人（南3181人、女2953人）的指纹白线出现频率。结果表明,白线频率女高于男,民族间亦有差异,其中维吾尔、哈萨克、鸟孜别克族频率接近。塔吉克族居住高寒高原地区,属白色人种,频率明显低于以上3个民族,锡伯族和汉族生活习惯近似,且高于以上4个民族,作者认为,白线出现频率的高低与种族、性别、年龄和群体生长环境及生活习惯有关。We’ve studied 6134 individuals (male 3181, fimale 2953) of six nationalities in Xinjiang.The result is that the white line of hand print is associated with rae,sex,age,grow environments of groups and life habbits.The ifference of races is:The appearant rates of white line of Weivuerite,Hasakese and Wuzibese are near,Tajike’s rate is lower than xiboman’s and han are higher than others.     

Distribution and prevalence of the predatory planarian Artioposthia triangulata (Dendy) (Trieladida: Terricola) in Scotland

The distribution of the New Zealand flatworm (Artioposthia triangulata) in Scotland was surveyed between July 1991 and February 1993. There were 348 records from domestic gardens, 56 from botanic gardens, garden centres and nurseries, with only 13 from farms. Although most of the records came from around the major cities the flatworm was found to have become established throughout the Scottish mainland and some of the Islands, e.g. Bute, Gigha, Orkney and Skye. The impact of the flatworm on earthworm populations in agricultural land in Scotland was, as yet, found to be minimal but the fact that seven adjacent farms near Dunoon were infected suggested it could be spread from farm to farm and that in the West of Scotland it could become widespread in agricultural land.     

The influence of riparian vegetation on macroinvertebrate community structure and functional organization in six new Guinea streams

Information on the ecology of New Guinea streams is meagre, and data are needed on the trophic basis of aquatic production in rivers such as the Sepik in Papua New Guinea which have low fish yields. This study investigates the relationship between riparian shading (from savanna grassland to primary rainforest), algal and detrital food, and macroinvertebrate abundance and community structure in 6 Sepik River tributary streams. A particular aim was to elucidate macroinvertebrate community responses to changes in riparian conditions. All streams supported diverse benthic communities, but morphospecies richness (overall total 64) was less than in streams on the tropical Asian mainland; population densities of benthic invertebrates, by contrast, were similar to those recorded elsewhere. Low diversity could reflect limited taxonomic penetration, but may result from the absence of major groups (Plecoptera, Heptageniidae, Ephemerellidae, Psephenidae, Megaloptera, etc.) which occur on the Asian mainland. Population densities of all 19 of the most abundant macroinvertebrate taxa varied significantly among the 6 study streams, but community composition in each was broadly similar with dominance by Baetidae and (in order of decreasing importance), Leptophlebiidae, Orthocladiinae, Elmidae and Hydropsychidae. Principal components analysis (PCA) undertaken on counts of abundant macroinvertebrate taxa clearly separated samples taken in two streams from the rest. Both streams contained high detrital standing stocks and one was completely shaded by rainforest. Stepwise multiple-regression analysis indicated that population densities of the majority of abundant taxa (11 out of 19) across streams (10 samples per stream; n = 60) were influenced by algae and/or detritus, although standing stocks of these variables were not clearly related to riparian conditions. When regression analysis was repeated on mean counts of taxa per stream (dependent variables) versus features of each stream as a whole (thus n = 6), % shading and detritus were the independent variables yielding significant regression models most frequently, but pH, total-nitrogen loads and algae were also significant predictors of faunal abundance. Further regression analysis, undertaken separately on samples (n = 10) from each stream, confirmed the ability of algae and detritus to account for significant portions of the variance in macroinvertebrate abundance, but the significance of these variables varied among streams with the consequence that responses of individual taxa to algae or detritus was site-specific.Community functional organization — revealed by investigation of macroinvertebrate functional feeding groups (FFGs) — was rather conservative, and streams were codominated by collector-gatherers (mean across 6 streams = 43%) and grazers (36%), followed by filter-feeders (15%) and predators (7%). The shredder FFG was species-poor and comprised only 0.4% of total macroinvertebrate populations; shredders did not exceed 2% of benthic populations in any stream. PCA of FFG abundance data was characterized by poor separation among streams, although there was some evidence of clustering of samples from unshaded sites. The first 2 PCA axes accounted for 84% of the variation in the data suggesting that the poor separation resulted from the general similarity of FFG representation among streams. Although stepwise multiple-regression analysis indicated that algae and detritus accounted for significant proportions of the variations in population density and relative abundance of some FFGs, the response of community functional organization to changes in riparian conditions and algal and detrital food base was weak — unlike the deterministic responses that may be typical of north-temperate streams.     

The Casparian strip in pea epicotyls: Effects of light on its development

The Casparian strip, which is specific to roots, was studied in the epicotyls of dark-grown seedlings of pea (Pisum sativum L.) where it was found to have the same morphology and properties as the strip in roots. In dark-grown seedlings, the distance between the upper-most position of the Casparian strip and the bending point of the hook (about 37 mm) did not change during growth of the seedlings. In the uppermost 0.5-mm region of the region in which the Casparian strip could be detected by fluorescence microscopy, the plasma membrane was not firmly attached to the cell wall. The development of the Casparian strip continued for about 42 h after dark-grown seedlings were transferred to the light, indicating that (i) the cells that have been determined to form the Casparian strip in darkness form the strip in the light, and that (ii) it takes about 42 h for the cells to complete formation of the strip. Cells in the hook of dark-grown seedlings did not form a Casparian strip when such seedlings were transferred to the light. The Casparian strip was formed in rapidly elongating internodes of light-grown seedlings when the seedlings were transferred to darkness. Light did not control the formation of the Casparian strip in roots.Abbreviation PBS phosphate-buffered saline     

鱼类寄生毛细科线虫－新属新种的研究

作者在武陵山地区的鱼类寄生线虫调查工作中,发现一种毛细线虫,经研究,为一新种,定名为岁新毛细线虫,新种（Ｎｅｏｃａｐｉｌｌａｒｉａｐｈｏｘｉｎｉｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。根据其特征,为此建立一新属──新毛细线虫属。     

武陵山地区鱼类寄生杆咽属线虫两新种

本文报道在武陵山地区的白甲鱼［（Ｖａｒｉｃｏｒｋｉｎｕｓ（Ｏｎｙｃｈｏｓｔｏｍａ）ｓｉｍｕｓ（ＳａｕｖａｇｅｅｔＤａｂｒｙ）］和沪溪直口峻（ＲｅｃｔｏｒｉｓｌｕｘｉｅｎｓｉｓＷｕｅｔＹａｏ）中发现的两种杆咽属（Ｒｈａｂｄｏｃｈｏｎａ）线虫新种,定名为白甲鱼杆咽线虫,新种（ＲｈａｂｄＯｃｈｏｎａｏｎｙｒｋｏｓｔｏｍｉｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）和短咽杆咽线虫,新种（ＲｈａｂｄＯｃｈｏｎａｂｒｅｖｉｃｈｏｎａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,并对两新种进行了测量和详细的描述。