外泌体miR-338对骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢水平、骨小梁微结构和骨生物力学的影响

摘要 目的：探讨外泌体miR-338对骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢水平、骨小梁微结构和骨生物力的影响。方法：采用健康成年SPF级SD雄性大鼠进行骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）分离。采用双侧卵巢摘除手术方法构建了骨质疏松大鼠模型。采用qRT-PCR法检测miR-338的表达水平;检测大鼠的骨密度,骨小梁微结构和骨生物力学指标。结果：与空白对照组相比,OP模型组、OP+ ExoBMSCs、抑制组和过表达组miR-338的表达水平明显更高（P＜0.05）;抑制组的miR-338的表达水平低于OP模型组、OP+ExoBMSCs和过表达组（P＜0.05）;与空白对照组相比,OP模型组、OP+ ExoBMSCs、抑制组和过表达组OC、PINP、BALP的表达水平明显更低（P＜0.05）;抑制组的OC、PINP、BALP的表达水平明显高于OP模型组、OP+ ExoBMSCs和过表达组（P＜0.05）;与空白对照组相比,OP模型组、OP+ ExoBMSCs、抑制组和过表达组BV/TV、Th.N、Tb.Th、Conn.D水平更低,而Tb.Sp、SMI明显更高（P＜0.05）;抑制组组的BV/TV、Th.N、Tb.Th、Conn.D水平明显高于OP模型组、OP+ ExoBMSCs和过表达组,而Tb.Sp、SMI更低（P＜0.05）;与空白对照组相比,OP模型组、OP+ ExoBMSCs、抑制组和过表达组BMD、最大荷载、最大应力、最大位移、刚度水平更低（P＜0.05）;抑制组的BMD、最大荷载、最大应力、最大位移、刚度水平高于OP模型组、OP+ExoBMSCs和过表达组（P＜0.05）。结论：BMSCs源性的miR-338可影响骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢、骨小梁微结构和骨生物力学状态。     

Dimers of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide: New evidence for the structure and the involvement in an enzymatic redox process

The composition and the structure of the product from the known electrochemical dimerization of the NAD⁺ have been conclusively demonstrated. A detailed analysis of the ¹H and ¹³C nmr spectra has in fact led to the conclusion that the product contains three diastereoisomeric dimers of the 4,4′-tetrahydrobipyridyl type. Furthermore, the cytoplasmic fraction obtained from a standard mitochondrial preparation of rat liver has been shown to catalyze the oxygen uptake by the dimers. A 1 : 1 molar ratio of the reagents in the redox process is indicated by manometric data on oxygen uptake complemented by spectrophotometric analysis of the oxidized substrates, suggesting that H₂O₂ is the reduction product. NAD⁺ was identified as the oxidation product by an enzymatic method.     

Lyt phenotype analysis of the effector cells responsible for evoking lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis (LIA)

Lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis (LIA) is a vascular response observed when allogeneic or semiallogeneic immunocompetent lymphocytes are inoculated intradermally into immunosuppressed or irradiated host mice. The reported experiments were carried out to characterize the effector cell population(s) responsible for causing LIA. Lyt 1.2, Lyt 2.2, and monoclonal Thy 1.2 antisera were used for negative selection with complement (C′) to investigate the ability of selected subsets of lymphocytes to evoke angiogenesis. Treatment of C57BL/6 spleen cells with either anti-Lyt 1.2 or anti-Thy 1.2 and C′ resulted in an almost complete abrogation of the LIA reaction. In contrast, depletion of Lyt 2+ cells, under conditions which fully abrogated their ability to generate cell-mediated cytotoxicity in allogeneic mixed leukocyte cultures, resulted only in a partial (45%) reduction in the induced vascular response. Synergistic interaction between cell preparations treated separately with either anti-Lyt 1.2 or anti-Lyt 2.2 serum was not observed. We conclude that (i) Lyt 1 + 2?T lymphocytes can induce a significant LIA reaction; (ii) lymphocytes resistant to negative selection with anti-Lyt-1.2 serum are incapable of inducing such a reaction; and (iii) Lyt 1 + 2+ cells directly or indirectly play an additional role in generating a maximal LIA response.     

Dérivés d'acides 3-(β-d-érythrofuranosyl)-pyrazolecarboxyliques

Treatment of 2,5-anhydro-1-bromo-1-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-1-p-nitrophenylhydrazono-d-ribose with methyl acetylenecarboxylate gave methyl 3-(2,3-O-isopropylidene-β-d-erythrofuranosyl)-1-p-nitrophenylpyrazole- (8) and 5-carboxylate (9). Amidification at C-5 of 8 was easier than at C-4 of 9. Similarly, dimethyl 3-(2,3-O-isopropylidene-β-d-erythrofuranosyl)- 1 - p-nitrophenylpyrazole-4,5-dicarboxylate gave specifically a 5-carbamoyl derivative, the structure of which was established by comparison of the ¹³C-n.m.r.spectrum with those of a series of glycosylpyrazoles. The correlation between the experimental values of the chemical shifts of the carbon atoms of the pyrazole ring and the values calculated by addition of the contributions of the various groups linked to the ring was better (R 0.98) than the correlations obtained by calculation by the CNDO/2 method of the total electron population (R 0.92) or of the π-electron population of each carbon atom (R 0.85).     

miR-195通过靶向调控趋化因子5促进胃癌细胞增殖、转移及侵袭的实验研究

目的:研究miR-195通过靶向调控趋化因子5促进胃癌细胞增殖、转移及侵袭的分子机制。方法:选取MGC803及NCI-N87细胞,根据转染不同分为:miR-NC组(空质粒),miR-195-mimics组(模拟序列)。实时荧光定量PCR法检测miR-195表达;MTT检测细胞增殖能力;Transwell侵袭实验检测细胞侵袭力;细胞划痕实验检测细胞转移能力;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况;Western blot检测chemokine 5表达水平;Spearman相关分析miR-195及chemokine 5相关性。荧光素酶实验验证miR-195与chemokine 5的靶向关系。结果:miR-195-mimics组细胞miR-195水平高于miR-NC组(P0.05);miR-195 mimics组第1、2、3、4 d细胞活力低于miR-NC组(P0.05);miR-195 mimics组G1细胞高于miR-NC组,G2期、S期细胞低于miR-NC组,G2/S期细胞比值低于miR-NC组(P0.05);miR-195 mimics组划痕距离大于miR-NC组(P0.05);miR-195 mimics组细胞侵袭数低于miR-NC组(P0.05);miR-195-mimics组细chemokine 5蛋白含量低于miR-NC组(P0.05);miR-195 m RNA水平与chemokine 5蛋白含量负相关(r=-0.398,P=0.00);miR-195可直接靶向chemokine 5。结论:miR-195可通过靶向chemokine 5促进胃癌MGC803及NCI-N87细胞的增殖、转移及侵袭。     

Quantative analysis and paleoecology of Middle to Upper Eocene Ostracods from Jebel Jebil,central Tunisia

One hundred and seventy collected samples from Jebil section have been carefully studied for their ostracod content and referred to 41 species belonging to 20 genera. Their vertical distribution allowed to distinguish five successive associations of ostracod assemblages; two of which are correlated with the Early Lutetian, one with the Late Lutetian, another association with the Bartonian and the last one with the Priabonian. Community structure of the collected ostracod fauna has been studied; three indices have been calculated for each sample: Shannon (diversity), Margalef (richness) and Equitability indexes. In the lower and the middle part of the Formation, they indicate a stable environment supporting high diversity ostracod communities; whereas in the upper portion the environmental conditions were unstable characterized by low diversity. The results of a multivariate statistical method, using the cluster analysis and the Detrended Correspondence Analysis of the 41 ostracod species and the 170 samples, have led to conclude that the most effective environmental factor in the study area is the paleodepth and of less importance oxygenation and salinity. Thus, it allowed to distinguish four palaeoenvironmental intervals within the Cherahil Formation: the first one represented by taxa that are known from the shallower parts of the shelf; the second interval includes the majority of the encountered species of inner neritic shelf with normal salinity; the third one, corresponding to an outer neritic domain; and the last interval refers to a circalittoral environment, is comprised mainly of Cytherella angulata and of Soudanella laciniosa triangulata.