Selenium and blood pressure studies in young and adult normotensive,renal, and spontaneously hypertensive animals

With reports of either no change or reduction of blood pressure, the relationship between selenium and blood pressure has not been clear. Normal Se values are not available for the Sprague Dawley (SD) rat or in the young and adult rat with various models of experimental hypertension. This study measured serum Se levels in the young and adult normotensive (NT), Grollman renal hypertensive (RH), and Okamoto-Aoki spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). The young animals have statistically significant (P<0.001) lower Se values as measured by the fluorometric method than those found at adulthood. Selenium levels were found to be altered in the adult SHR animals when compared with the RH and NT animals. The serum Se value for the normotensive SD rat was found to be 65.0±3.5 μg/dL, and for the two experimental models, 63.7±4.6 μg/dL for the RH, whereas the SHR level was elevated to 75.04±4.8 μg/dL (P<0.001). Elevated serum Se values in the adult SHR animals suggests an altered metabolism in SHR animals.     

低浓度CO2对水车前和黑藻光合特性的影响

本实验通过对沉水植物水车前(Ottelia alismoides)和黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)进行低浓度CO2诱导,研究其光合特性的变化.研究显示,诱导后,水车前的PEPC/Rubisco活性比值由0.45上升到4.17,黑藻由0.47上升到4.17,两种植物的C4途径光合酶PEPC和NAD-M...     

Comparing the local dynamic stability of trunk movements between varsity athletes with and without non-specific low back pain

The local dynamic stability of trunk movements, quantified using the maximum Lyapunov exponent (λ_max), can provide important information on the neuromuscular control of spine stability during movement tasks. Although previous research has displayed the promise of this technique, all studies were completed with healthy participants. Therefore the goal of this study was to compare the dynamic stability of spine kinematics and trunk muscle activations, as well as antagonistic muscle co-contraction, between athletes with and without low back pain (LBP). Twenty interuniversity varsity athletes (10 LBP, 10 healthy controls) were recruited to participate in the study. Each participant completed a repetitive trunk flexion task at 15 cycles per minute, both symmetrically and asymmetrically, while trunk kinematics and muscular activity (EMG) were monitored. The local dynamic stability of low back EMG was significantly higher (lower λ_max) in healthy individuals (p=0.002), whereas the dynamic stability of kinematics, the dynamic stability of full trunk system EMG, and the amount of antagonistic co-contraction were significantly higher when moving asymmetrically (p<0.05 for all variables). Although non-significant, kinematic and trunk system EMG stability also tended to be impaired in LBP participants, whereas they also tended to co-contract their antagonist muscles more. This study provides evidence that Lyapunov analyses of kinematic and muscle activation data can provide insight into the neuromuscular control of spine stability in back pain participants. Future research will repeat these protocols in patients with higher levels of pain, with hopes of developing a tool to assess impairment and treatment effectiveness in clinical and workplace settings.     

低温等离子髓核消融术治疗高原地区椎间盘源性下腰痛的疗效及对患者生活质量的影响

目的:研究低温等离子髓核消融术(LTPNPA)治疗高原地区椎间盘源性下腰痛(DLBP)的疗效及对患者生活质量的影响。方法:选择从2015年9月到2017年1月在我院接受治疗的高原地区DLBP患者,随机分为对照组(n=59)和观察组(n=59),对照组患者给予常规腰椎牵引治疗,观察组患者则予以LTPNPA术式治疗,对所有患者进行为期6个月的随访,并对比两组疗效、临床指标(疼痛缓解时间和住院时间)、治疗前后的椎间隙高度R值和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分以及不同时期的日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分。结果:观察组的优良率是98.31%,高于对照组的88.14%(P0.05)。观察组的疼痛缓解时间及住院时间均少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后两组的ODI评分均低于治疗前,且观察组较对照组偏低(P0.05)。治疗后两组的椎间隙高度R值相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后1个月、3个月、6个月两组的ADL评分均高于治疗前,治疗后3个月和6个月高于治疗后1个月,治疗后6个月高于治疗后3个月,且观察组均较对照组偏高(P0.05)。结论:对高原地区DLBP患者应用LTPNPA术式治疗,具有明显疗效,还可提升其生活质量,临床上可考虑在高原地区推广LTPNPA术式,从而使患者获得最佳疗效。     

低营养浓度培养基分离培养生物膜中的细菌及其鉴定

室内潮湿环境固体表面很容易形成细菌生物膜,这些生物膜生长在不易清除或不被人注意的固体表面,研究这一类生物膜中的细菌类群可以了解其中是否滋生着对人体健康有威胁性的致病菌或条件致病菌。选择某公共浴室内塑料表面生长的生物膜作为分离培养对象,同时使用实验室最常用的LB培养基及其10倍稀释培养基(LB/10)作为分离培养基。结果表明在LB培养基上生长的细菌类群相对单一,并且有单一类群占优势或抑制其他类群生长的现象;而在LB/10培养基上生长的细菌具有更丰富的多样性,并且各类菌的数量分布较均匀,没有出现LB培养基中一种细菌占绝对生长优势的现象。对LB/10上生长的8个菌株的16SrDNA片段序列进行测定和系统发育分析,发现与所分离的细菌系统发育相近的包括多株人体临床分离的病原菌以及未培养细菌(Uncultured bacterium)。     

他汀类药物对中老年男性冠心病患者肠道菌群的影响

目的探讨他汀类药物对中老年男性稳定型冠心病患者肠道菌群的影响,为临床冠心病的二级预防提供参考。方法选择64例经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后坚持服用中等强度他汀类药物的男性稳定型冠心病患者为研究对象。患者年龄55～74岁,均不合并糖尿病。根据研究期间患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平分为血脂未达标组(NSG组,LDL-C≥1.8 mmol/L)与血脂达标组(SG组,LDL-C1.8 mmol/L)。比较两组患者一般临床情况,治疗前后血糖、血脂水平,同时应用16S rRNA测序分析技术对两组患者肠道菌群进行分析。结果两组患者一般临床情况及他汀类药物治疗前患者血糖、血脂水平差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。治疗后,NSG组患者总胆固醇、LDL-C、三酰甘油水平均明显高于SG组;同时NSG组患者治疗后空腹血糖水平明显高于治疗前(均P0.05)。Alpha多样性分析显示,NSG组患者肠道菌群多样性低于SG组(P0.05)。LEfSe分析显示,SG组患者肠道Verrucomicrobia、Verrucomicrobiae、Verrucomicrobiales、Verrucomicrobiaceae、Akkermansias、Akkermansia muciniphila、Subdoligranulum和uncultured_Christensenellaceae_bacterium数量明显高于NSG组,而uncultured_Veillonellaceae_bacterium及Prevotella_stercorea的丰度显著低于NSG组。结论中等强度他汀类药物对男性中老年稳定型冠心病患者的疗效与肠道菌群存在一定关系,主要表现为治疗后LDL-C未达标者肠道脂代谢有益菌Akkermansia muciniphila及Subdoligranulum丰度明显减少。     

Cardiodynamic response to psychological and cold pressor stress: Further evidence for stimulus response specificity and directional fractionation

In the present study 36 police officers were exposed to a psychological stressor (IQ quiz) and to cold pressor stress while several cardiovascular variables were monitored. Impedance cardiography was used to provide measures of heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, myocardial contractility, and total peripheral resistance. In addition, measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and peripheral skin temperature were obtained. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that significant increases in diastolic and systolic blood pressure during the cold pressor test were mediated by large increases in total peripheral resistance, whereas blood pressure elevation during the IQ quiz were accompanied by significant increases in heart rate and, to a lesser extent, cardiac output. Peripheral skin temperature decreased in response to each stressor. Additional analysis indicated a degree of stimulus specificity for several variables. For example, diastolic blood pressure showed greater increases to cold pressor than quiz, whereas systolic blood pressure increased more with the psychological than the physical stressor. Directional fractionation occurred for both myocardial contractility and cardiac output.     

经鼻面罩BiPAP正压通气治疗重症支气管哮喘合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床观察

目的观察经鼻面罩BiPAP无创正压通气治疗重症支气管哮喘合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床效果。方法观察患者行呼吸机治疗前,治疗后4、12、24、48h的临床症状及血气分析。结果治疗后患者的临床症状、血气分析（pH、PaCO2、PaO2）均有显著改善,且无严重并发症发生。结论 BiPAP无创正压通气有助于呼吸改善,正确有效的护理措施对保证通气治疗的效果、减少并发症具有重要意义。     

大鼠脑室注射P物质引起的血压升高与脑啡肽和β-内啡肽有关

给乌拉坦麻醉大鼠侧脑室注射P物质(SP)10μg 引起的升压效应,可被脑室注射纳洺酮15μg 部分阻断。将抗β-内啡肽抗血清、抗甲啡肽抗血清及抗亮啡肽抗血清各10μl 分别注入侧脑室预处理60min 后,再注入 SP,其升压效应明显减弱;而抗强啡肽抗血清则对其无影响。上述结果提示:大鼠脑室注射 SP 引起的升压效应,可能是通过释放β-内啡肽和脑啡肽实现的。     

孕期营养与早发型子痫前期的关系

目的:探讨早发型子痫前期与孕期营养的关系,为早发型子痫前期的预防提供参考依据。方法:选择2011年10月~2013年10月我院收治的早发型子痫前期患者(发病孕周34周)60例为A组,晚发型子痫前期患者(发病孕周≥34周)58例为B组,以及同时期门诊产检孕周34周的正常孕妇40例为C组,产检孕周≥34周的正常孕妇40例为D组,检测和比较各组孕妇的血清总蛋白、血红蛋白含量、血细胞压积水平。结果:A组血清总蛋白、血红蛋白含量、血细胞压积均显著低于B和C组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);而C组血清总蛋白、血红蛋白含量、血细胞压积与D组比较无明显统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:早发型子痫前期的发生可能与孕期低蛋白血症、贫血相关,加强孕妇孕期的营养可能有助于预防早发型子痫前期的发生。