环丝氨酸联合莫西沙星治疗耐多药肺结核的疗效及对免疫功能和生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨环丝氨酸联合莫西沙星治疗耐多药肺结核（MDR-TB）的疗效及对免疫功能和生活质量的影响。方法：选取2016年7月到2018年10月期间我院收治的MDR-TB患者86例作为研究对象,根据奇偶排序法将患者分为对照组（n=43,基础治疗联合莫西沙星治疗）和研究组（n=43,对照组基础上联合环丝氨酸治疗）,均治疗20个月。对比两组疗效、痰结核菌转阴率、病灶吸收率、空洞缩小率情况、免疫功能、生活质量及不良反应。结果：研究组治疗20个月后的总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗12个月后、治疗20个月后痰结核菌转阴率、病灶吸收率、空洞缩小率均高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗20个月后心理功能、躯体功能、社会功能、物质生活评分均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗20个月后CD8⁺较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）,CD3⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺、CD4⁺较治疗前升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。对比两组不良反应发生率无差异（P>0.05）。结论：环丝氨酸联合莫西沙星治疗MDR-TB,能够有效的促进患者机体免疫功能和生活质量的改善,并能够有效的促进临床转归,且用药安全性较高。     

肺癌根治术后并发症危险因素分析及其生活质量变化研究

摘要 目的：探讨肺癌根治术后并发症的危险因素,并分析其生活质量的变化。方法：纳入我院2018年9月～2020年7月收治的行肺癌根治术患者104例,对患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据患者术后3个月的并发症发生情况,分成并发症组（n=32）和非并发症组（n=72）,分析肺癌根治术后并发症发生的影响因素,利用癌症病人生活质量测定量表（QLQ-C30）评估患者术前及术后3个月的生活质量。结果：肺癌根治术后32例出现并发症,其中切口感染6例,肺炎7例,肺不张9例,心律失常6例,脓胸4例。并发症组年龄≥60岁、烟龄≥10年、传统开胸术、慢性阻塞性肺疾病史人数占比高于非并发症组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁（OR=2.978,95%CI：1.415-6.267）、烟龄≥10年（OR=3.847,95%CI：1.869-7.918）、传统开胸术（OR=3.065,95%CI：1.544-6.084）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病史（OR=2.848,95%CI：1.481-5.477）是肺癌根治术后患者发生并发症的危险因素（P＜0.05）。非并发症组术后3个月的总体生活质量量表、角色功能、躯体功能、情绪功能、社会功能评分高于术前与并发症组,且恶心呕吐、疲乏、疼痛、便秘、呼吸困难、食欲下降、睡眠障碍、腹泻评分较术前与并发症组明显降低（P＜0.05）。结论：肺癌根治术后并发症的发生主要与患者年龄、烟龄、手术方式、慢性阻塞性肺疾病史有关,且并发症对患者术后生活质量影响较大。     

微血管减压术联合感觉根部分切断术对原发性三叉神经痛患者疼痛评分、生活质量及睡眠状况的影响

目的:探讨微血管减压术(MVD)联合感觉根部分切断术(PSR)对原发性三叉神经痛(TN)患者疼痛评分、生活质量及睡眠状况的影响。方法:回顾性分析2015年2月~2019年3月期间我院收治的80例原发性TN患者的临床资料,根据手术方式的不同将患者分为对照组(n=40,MVD治疗)和研究组(n=40,MVD联合PSR治疗),比较两组患者疼痛评分、生活质量、围术期指标、睡眠状况、并发症发生情况以及复发率。结果:两组患者治疗后视觉疼痛模拟量表(VAS)评分均较治疗前下降,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后生活质量量表(SF-36)各维度评分均较治疗前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数表(PSQI)各项目评分均较治疗前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组住院时间短于对照组,手术时间长于对照组(P<0.05);两组术中出血量比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。研究组的并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组随访期间复发率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:MVD联合PSR治疗原发性TN,虽然手术时间较长,但是在减轻患者疼痛、改善患者生活质量及睡眠状况等方面效果显著,能够降低并发症发生率。     

大肠癌患者尊严受损的影响因素及与症状群和生活质量的关系分析

摘要 目的：探讨大肠癌患者尊严受损的影响因素,并分析其与症状群和生活质量的关系。方法：纳入我院2018年6月～2020年4月收治的大肠癌患者110例,经患者尊严量表（PDI）评估尊严受损情况,并据此分成受损组（PDI＞50分）和未受损组（PDI≤50分）,经单因素和Logistic多元回归模型分析患者尊严受损的影响因素。利用安德森症状评估量表评估两组患者的症状,提取主因子分析症状群变化,采用简明生活质量量表（SF-36）评估两组生活质量并进行比较。结果：在110例患者中,尊严受损发生率为29.09%。受损组独立性、症状困扰、社会支持、生存困扰、平和心态评分及PDI总分高于未受损组（P＜0.05）。Logistic多元回归分析提示,患者临床分期Ⅳ期（OR=2.577,95%CI：1.385-4.795）、文化程度小学及以下（OR=2.996,95%CI：1.395-6.434）、家庭月收入<1000元（OR=2.068,95%CI：1.316-3.250）、肿瘤转移（OR=3.412,95%CI：1.498-7.772）、病程≥12个月（OR=3.898,95%CI：1.425-10.663）是大肠癌患者尊严受损的影响因素（P＜0.05）。受损组核心症状、症状对正常生活干扰程度评分及总分高于未受损组,但受损组躯体功能、躯体疼痛、躯体角色功能、心理健康、情绪角色功能、总体健康评分低于未受损组（P＜0.05）。结论：大肠癌患者尊严受损发生率较高,且与多种因素有关,尊严受损者的症状群明显加重,生活质量下降。     

Better survival after transcatheter aortic valve replacement by process improvements

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess the effects on procedural, 30-day, and 1‑year all-cause mortality by a newly introduced quality improvement strategy in patients after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).MethodsIn October 2015, a coherent set of quality improving interventions with respect to patient geriatric screening, general diagnostic examination and safety of the procedure was implemented at a single centre in the Netherlands. Patients undergoing TAVR in 2013–2018 were included for retrospective analysis. Mortality was assessed in the pre-quality improvement strategy cohort (January 2013 to October 2015; cohort A) and in the post-quality improvement strategy cohort (November 2015 to December 2018; cohort B). Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the influence of patient and procedural characteristics on the results of the quality improvement strategy in terms of procedural, 30-day, and 1‑year all-cause mortality.ResultsIn total, 806 patients were analysed with 274 patients in cohort A and 532 patients in cohort B. After introduction of the quality improvement strategy, procedural (4.4% to 1.3%, p < 0.01), 30-day (8.4% to 2.7%, p < 0.01) and 1‑year (16.4% to 8.5%, p < 0.01) all-cause mortality significantly decreased. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the quality improvement strategy also significantly reduced 30-day (odds ratio [OR] 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09–0.42) and 1‑year (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.24–0.61) all-cause mortality if corrected for patient characteristics.ConclusionStructural meetings on evaluation of outcomes highlight potential areas for improvement and subsequent outcome-based quality improvement initiatives can result in lower procedural, 30-day, and 1‑year all-cause mortality.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12471-020-01526-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Evaluation of the standards compliance of the queen bees reared in the Mediterranean region in Turkey

The influence of different commercial queen producers on the quality of Apis mellifera queens was assessed. It was aimed to determine the quality characteristics of queens reared by commercial queen producers located in the province of Antalya, which is an important region in queens production due to its climatic characteristics. For this purpose, the quality characteristics of a total of 105 queen bees obtained from 21 enterprises were determined. Differences between the enterprises in terms of the number of spermatozoa (P < 0.01) were determined. In terms of the diameter of spermatheca, spermatheca volume and live weight, statistical differences between the enterprises were also observed (P < 0.05). When the relationships between the measured characteristics were examined, significant values were obtained statistically between live weight and diameter of spermathecae (0.268) and spermatheca volume (0.258). It was also determined that there is a significant correlation between spermatheca diameter and spermatheca volume (0.995). The spermatheca diameter of a good quality queen bee should not be <1.2 mm, spermatheca volume 0.90 mm³ and live weight not <200 mg. Only live weight was found to be within the normal quality standard values when the average results of the quality criteria are taken into consideration. Other characters such as spermathecae diameter, spermathecae volume and number of spermatozoa in spermathecae seem to be below quality standard values.     

Empirical Mode Decomposition and Wavelet Transform Based ECG Data Compression Scheme

ObjectiveIn health-care systems, compression is an essential tool to solve the storage and transmission problems. In this regard, this paper reports a new electrocardiogram (ECG) data compression scheme which employs sifting function based empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and discrete wavelet transform.MethodEMD based on sifting function is utilized to get the first intrinsic mode function (IMF). After EMD, the first IMF and four significant sifting functions are combined together. This combination is free from many irrelevant components of the signal. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with mother wavelet ‘bior4.4’ is applied to this combination. The transform coefficients obtained after DWT are passed through dead-zone quantization. It discards small transform coefficients lying around zero. Further, integer conversion of coefficients and run-length encoding are utilized to achieve a compressed form of ECG data.ResultsCompression performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using 48 ECG records of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. In the comparison of compression results, it is observed that the proposed method exhibits better performance than many recent ECG compressors. A mean opinion score test is also conducted to evaluate the true quality of the reconstructed ECG signals.ConclusionThe proposed scheme offers better compression performance with preserving the key features of the signal very well.     

Chinese plasma-derived products supply under the lot release management system in 2007–2011

In 2007, the Chinese State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) implemented a management system for lot release of all plasma-derived products. Since then, there have been only a few systematic studies of the blood supply, which is a concern when considering the small amount of plasma collected per capita (approximately 3 L/1000 people). As a result, there may be a threat to the safety of the available blood supply. In this study, we examined the characteristics of the supply of Chinese plasma-derived products. We investigated the reports of lot-released biological products derived from all 8 national or regional regulatory authorities in China from 2007 to 2011. The market supply characteristics of Chinese plasma-derived products were analyzed by reviewing the changes in supply varieties, the batches of lot-released plasma-derived products and the actual supply. As a result, the national regulatory authorities can more accurately develop a specific understanding of the production and quality management information provided by Chinese plasma product manufacturers. The implementation of the lot release system further ensures the clinical validity of the plasma-derived products in China and improves the safety of using plasma-derived products. This work provides an assessment of the future Chinese market supply of plasma-derived products and can function as a theoretical basis for the establishment of hemovigilance.     

The effect of aortic valve replacement on quality of life in symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis

Background

Although symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis have a high disease burden and guidelines recommend aortic valve replacement, many are treated conservatively. This study describes to what extent quality of life is changed by aortic valve replacement relative to conservative treatment.

Methods

This observational study followed 132 symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis who were subjected to an SF-36v2TM Health Survey.

Results

At baseline 84 patients were treated conservatively, 48 were referred for aortic valve replacement. In the conservatively treated group 15 patients died during a mean follow-up of 18 months (Kaplan-Meier survival was 85 % and 72 % at one and 2 years respectively) and 22 patients crossed over to the surgical group. Of the resulting 70 patients in the surgical group 3 patients died during a mean follow-up of 11 months (survival 95 % at 1 year). Physical functioning, vitality and general health improved significantly 1 year after aortic valve replacement. In conservatively treated patients physical quality of life deteriorated over time while general health, vitality and social functioning showed a declining trend. Mental health remained stable in both groups.

Conclusions

Aortic valve replacement improves physical quality of life, general health and vitality in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Besides having a low life expectancy, conservatively treated patients experience deterioration of physical quality of life. Health surveys such as the SF-36v2TM can be valuable tools in monitoring the burden of disease for an individual patient and offer additional help in treatment decisions.     

Arthrospiribacter ruber gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from Arthrospira cultures

Polyphasic analysis of ten isolates of the red-pigmented bacteria isolated from ten Arthrospira cultures originating from different parts of the world is described. The 16S rRNA analysis showed <95 % identity with the known bacteria on public databases, therefore, additional analyses of fatty acids profiles, MALDI-TOF/MS, genome sequencing of the chosen isolate and following phylogenomic analyses were performed. Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic rods were positive for catalase, negative for oxidase, proteolytic and urease activity. Major fatty acids were 15 : 0 iso, 17:0 iso 3 OH and 17:1 iso w9c/16:0 10-methyl. The whole phylogenomic analyses revealed that the genomic sequence of newly isolated strain DPMB0001 was most closely related to members of Cyclobacteriaceae family and clearly indicated distinctiveness of newly isolated bacteria. The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridisation values were calculated between representative of the novel strains DPMB0001 and its phylogenetically closest species, Indibacter alkaliphilus CCUG57479 (LW1)^T (ANI 69.2 % is DDH 17.2 %) and Mariniradius saccharolyticus AK6^T (ANI 80.02 % isDDH 26.1 %), and were significantly below the established cut-off <94 % (ANI) and <70 % (isDDH) for species and genus delineation.The obtained results showed that the analysed isolates represent novel genus and species, for which names Arthrospiribacter gen nov. and Arthrospiribacter ruber sp. nov. (type strain DPMB0001 = LMG 31078 = PCM 3008) is proposed.