右美托嘧啶用于喉癌患者局麻下气管切开的临床效果分析

目的：探讨预注右关托嘧啶（dexmedetomindine,Dex）对喉癌患者局麻下行气管切开时的影响。方法：选择择期喉癌手术拟行气管切开的患者40例,随机分为Dex组（D组）和生理盐水组（c组）,D组在局麻前静脉注射Dex0．5μg／kg（10min泵注完毕）,c组以相同方式泵注等量生理盐水,观察5min后开始行局麻下气管切开。分别记录两组患者给药前（TO）、局麻开始时（T1）、切皮时（T2）、气管内麻醉时（T3）、气管切开造口时（T4）的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2）和呼吸次数（RR）;观察并记录患者T1～T4各时间点的VAS评分、Ramsay镇静评分和手术耐受程度评分。结果：与T0相比,C组T1～T4各时点MAP和HR均升高,尤以T3～T4时明显（P〈0．05）,D组T1—4时MAP下降、HR明显减慢（P〈0．05）;与C组相比,D组T1～T4各时间点MAP均显著下降（P〈0．05）,HR均明显减慢（P〈0．01）,VAS评分显著降低（P〈0．05）,手术耐受程度评分和Ramsay镇静评分均显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论：喉癌患者行局麻气管切开前预先静注右关托嘧啶0．5μg／kg（10min泵注完毕）,可有效维持血液动力学稳定,并产生明显的镇静、镇痛作用。     

参麦注射液联合不同类型他汀类药物治疗不稳定型心绞痛的近期疗效比较

目的:探究参麦注射液联合不同类型他汀类药物治疗不稳定型心绞痛的近期疗效。方法:收集本院收治的不稳定型心绞痛患者37例,随机分成实验组与对照组。对照组18例予参麦注射液联合普伐他汀治疗;实验组19例予参麦注射液联合阿托伐他汀治疗。比较两组治疗前后血脂水平的变化及临床疗效。结果:治疗后,两组总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平均较治疗前显著下降(P0.05),心绞痛发作次数及时间均明显减少或缩短(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组治疗后的TC、LDL-C水平均较低(P0.05);不良反应发生率(15.8%)低于对照组(27.8%)(P0.05)。结论:参麦注射液联合不同类型他汀类药物治疗不稳定型心绞痛的近期疗效相当,但阿托伐他汀治疗可更有效降低患者的血脂水平,安全性更高。     

血栓通注射液对暂时性和永久性大鼠脑缺血模型的神经保护作用

血栓通注射液(冻干)(XST)是一种从三七中提取的中草药标准化产品,广泛用于临床治疗急性脑梗塞等脑血管疾病。本研究评估了XST在不同大鼠脑缺血模型中的急性和延长保护作用,并探讨了其对过氧化物酶(Prx) 6-toll样受体(TLR) 4信号通路的影响。用XST处理抑制过氧化物酶(Prx) 6-toll样受体(TLR) 4的蛋白质表达和p38的磷酸化水平,并且上调STAT3的磷酸化水平。XST治疗3 d可显著降低暂时性大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)诱导的梗死体积和肿胀百分比,并调节白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-17、IL-23p19、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNFα)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)。在永久MCAO大鼠中,XST可以减少梗死体积和肿胀百分比。XST治疗还可以增加大鼠的体重并改善一批功能结果。XST可以保护暂时性和永久性MCAO大鼠的缺血性损伤可能与Prx6-TLR4途径有关。     

Resource quality and spatial variation in sex ratios of a free-living solitary sawfly,Dineura virididorsata (Hym., Tenthredinidae)

The sex ratio in final-instar larvae of a birch-feeding, free-living solitary sawfly, Dineura virididorsata, was investigated in Finnish Lapland. The prepupal proportion of females, pooled over ten sites, was 56%, and at four individual sites the sex ratio was significantly female-biased. Larval survival from egg to prepupae did not differ between the sexes. This suggests a femalebiased primary sex ratio in the field. The sex ratio varied among the sites but not among host trees within sites. Contrary to previous results with hymenopterans, we did not find that differences in the sex ratio depended on forage quality: site-specific or tree-specific sex ratios did not correlate with the average prepupal weight. A literature search indicated that female-biased sex ratios are also common in other free-living sawflies. We are unable to explain sex ratios of Dineura virididorsata or other free-living sawflies with existing general models.     

Cloned goats (Capra hircus) from adult ear cells

The average number of available oocytes recovered per ovary collected during the breeding season in dairy goats was 5.5 (1815/330). 66.17% (1201/1815) of oocytes extruded the first polar body after maturation in vitro for 20 h. 75.44% (906/1201) of matured oocytes with membrane evagination around the MII chromosomes were enucleated. Ear skin fibroblast cells were derived from an adult female dining Grey goat (C. hircus). The cells were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen after passage 2. Thawed cells were further cultured for 3-6 passages and were subjected to serum starvation by 0.5% FBS for 2-10 d, then used as donor cells for nuclear transfer. 98.12% (889/906) of the enucleated oocytes were reconstructed by intracytoplasmic injection of karyoplast. The reconstructed embryos were activated by 5μ mol/L ionomycin for 4.5 min and further activated by culturing with 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) for 3 h. After 36 h of culture in mCR1aaBF, 76.69% (645/841) of the cloned embryos cleaved. There were no signifi     

小型猪急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭模型的构建

目的应用选择性冠状动脉前降支(LAD)球囊闭塞结合微血栓微球混悬液灌注方法造成心肌缺血坏死,探索建立稳定存活的小型猪急性心肌梗死(AMI)后心力衰竭(HF)动物模型。方法选择中国五指山小型猪18头,行冠脉造影后沿血管送球囊至LAD中段,依次扩张球囊阻断前向血流1、2、5 min,每次间隔60 s,然后扩张球囊堵闭血流120 min。再以4F导管超选LAD,行微血栓微球混悬液分次注入,间隔10 min重复注射,TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)2级和左室舒张末压(LVEDP)15 mm Hg时停止注射,同时监测心电图及应用漂浮导管监测有创血流动力学参数。并行pigtail导管测量(LVEDP)的变化,待LVEDP稳定在15~18 mm Hg之间后结扎血管,并加压包扎。监测心肌坏死标志物(cTnI和CK-MB)变化。分别于制模前,制模后第1天、7天、14天行心脏超声检查,制模第14天复查有创血流动力学检查,并行心脏病理检查,认定和评价模型的成功率、稳定性和可重复性。结果制模14 d后共有15头小型猪成活,心电图、心肌坏死标记物、病理检查均符合AMI病理生理过程。其中14头小型猪达到动物模型标准【肺毛细血管楔压(PCWP)18 mmHg和心输出量(CO)下降30%以上】,模型成功率为77.78%。制模后第14天PCWP明显升高(P0.01),CO平均下降50.76%;左室射血分数(LVEF)明显降低(P0.01)。病理检查显示心肌梗死面积占左心室面积的25.4%~34.9%。结论球囊闭塞结合微血栓微球混悬液灌注构建小型猪急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭模型具有闭胸、高成功率、稳定和重复性好等优点,较药物、冠状动脉结扎和起搏诱导的心力衰竭模型更接近临床病理生理学特点。     

不同剂量丹参注射液联合泼尼松龙治疗口腔粘膜下纤维性变的临床研究

目的：探讨采用不同剂量的丹参注射液联合波尼松龙治疗口腔粘膜下纤维性病的治疗效果,为今后的治疗提供更多的依据。方法：选择从2010年1月至2013年1月期间在我院口腔科治疗的100例口腔粘膜下纤维性病患者,根据门诊号,随机将患者分为低剂量组、次低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组和对照组,每组各20例,低剂量组、次低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组,分别使用不同剂量丹参注射液联合波尼松龙治疗,对照组单纯使用波尼松龙治疗,观察治疗一个疗程后患者口腔粘膜情况及张口度。结果：中剂量组和高剂量组情况改善要明显好于低剂量、次低剂量组、对照组,差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：丹参注射液联合泼尼松龙治疗口腔粘膜下纤维性病疗效令人满意,其中低剂量丹参注射液便有效果,一定范围内剂量越高,疗效越好,值得在临床推f,     

肾康注射液联合贝那普利对慢性肾小球肾炎患者外周血IFN-γ，IL-4及IL-17水平的影响

目的:探讨肾康注射液联合贝那普利治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床效果及对患者外周血干扰素-γ(INF-γ)、白介素-4(IL-4)、白介素-17(IL-17)水平的影响。方法:选择2013年5月至2016年5月我院接诊的96例慢性肾小球肾炎患者,随机法分为观察组(n=48)和对照组(n=48)。对照组患者采用贝那普利治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上采用肾康注射液治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿肌酐(UCr)、血肌酐(SCr)、24 h尿蛋白定量及血清INF-γ,IL-17和IL-4水平,以及临床疗效。结果:治疗后,观察组患者收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)低于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者尿素氮(BUN)、尿肌酐(UCr)、血肌酐(SCr)、24 h尿蛋白定量低于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者血清INF-γ及IL-17水平低于对照组,而IL-4水平高于对照组(P0.05);观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(P0.05);两组患者不良反应总发生率无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:在慢性肾小球肾炎使用肾康注射液联合贝那普利效果显著,值得应用推广。     

Local anesthetic action of phentolamine on insect mechanoreceptors

1. The effect of phentolamine on the response properties of insect mechanoreceptors and on the conduction in their axons was examined using electrophysiological techniques. 2. Phentolamine blocked conduction of action potentials along axons, an effect which exhibited 3 characteristics typical of local anesthetics: the effect was frequency-dependent, reversible and varied for nerves with different diameters. 3. The concentration of phentolamine required to block axonal conduction (1-2 x 10(-3) M) was significantly higher than that required to abolish the response of receptors to mechanical stimulation (3-5 x 10(-4) M). 4. All mechanoreceptors that were examined in Locusta migratoria and Periplaneta americana were inactivated by phentolamine (Table 1). The type I receptors (chordotonal, campaniform and hair sensilla) were inactivated within 5-15 min following phentolamine application. The only type II receptor examined (forewing stretch-receptor) underwent a phase of repetitive discharge before being inactivated. 5. Tolazoline and metoclopramide inactivated, like phentolamine, mechanoreceptors at lower concentrations than necessary to block axonal conduction. However, yohimbine and chlorpromazine inactivated mechanoreceptors and blocked axonal conduction at similar concentrations. 6. These findings suggest that phentolamine affects sense-organ specific ionic processes that are more sensitive to the drug than the ionic processes along the axons.