中国南部石灰岩濒危植物的初步研究

本文所说中国南部石灰岩地区主要指广西、云南、贵州三省的石灰岩地区,这一地区以其植物的多样性和岩溶特有性而闻名。本文对这一地区的植被和植物保护现状、自然屎护区状况、植物濒危原因筹进行了初步考察和研究。     

Climate change impacts on asphalt road pavement construction and maintenance: An economic life cycle assessment of adaptation measures in the State of Virginia,United States

Pavement design and management practices must be adapted in response to future climate change. While many studies have attempted to identify different methods to adapt pavements to future climate conditions, the potential economic impacts of the adaptations still remain largely unquantified. This study presents the results of a comprehensive life‐cycle cost analysis (LCCA) aimed at quantifying the potential economic impacts of a climate adaptation method, in which an upgraded asphalt binder (Performance Grade PG 76‐22) is used in the construction and maintenance of flexible pavement sections in lieu of the original binder (PG 70‐22) for improved resistance against high temperatures. For each of three major Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) districts with different climates, three case studies consisting of typical interstate, primary, and secondary pavement sections were considered. The LCCA accounted for the costs incurred during the mixture's production, maintenance, and use phases of the pavement life cycle by explicitly considering future climate projections, pavement life‐cycle performance, maintenance effects, and work zone user delays. The study concludes that pavements using the upgraded binder not only perform better over time but are also economically advantageous compared to those with the original binder under the conditions of the anticipated future climate conditions (2020–2039).     

华南石灰岩地区苦苣苔科植物一新种——散序小花苣苔

该文报道了华南地区石灰岩地区苦苣苔科报春苣苔属(Primulina Hance)一新种——散序小花苣苔(Primulina effusa F.WenB.Pan),并对该新分类群的濒危现状进行了评估,认为根据现在已知的居群和所受威胁情况,可暂定为"极危"之级别。     

陆氏细筒苣苔—中国广西苦苣苔科一新种

报道了广西苦苣苔科细筒苣苔属Lagarosolen W.T.Wang一新种——陆氏细筒苣苔L.lui Yan Liu＆W.B.Xu。该种与靖西细筒苣苔L.jingxiensis Yan Liu,H.S.Gao＆W.B.Xu在叶型上较相近,但不同在于叶片上面光滑无毛或疏被微柔毛,下面被微柔毛,聚伞花序1～2回分支,花序梗长4～8cm,花冠裂片长圆形、倒卵形至近圆形,顶端圆钝,花丝长2.5～3.5mm,花期1～3月。     

Pattern analysis in Belgian limestone grasslands

Pattern analyses were made in several limestone grasslands of Belgium. Vegetation has been sampled in continuous transects. Monospecific patterns are defined by means of two non-parametric indices; multivariate analysis (reciprocal averaging) completed the analysis. The following kinds of pattern are described and explained: random, aggregate, clump, gap, stationary density variation, non-stationary density variation, gradient and many complex patterns. The multivariate analysis leads to a careful phytosociological study of the transects and to the definition of floristically homogeneous regions. Some particular points of pattern analysis, the problem of vegetation sampling and some perspectives are discussed.     

Hydraulic sorting of microbiota in calciturbidites— A dinantian case study from the rheinische schiefergebirge,Germany

Summary A calciturbidite bed from the lower part of the Kieselkalk Formation (late cd II) at Wallau, eastern Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, displays ideal grading of reworked calcareous shallow-water microbiota, ranging from plurimillimetric agglutinated foraminifers and fragments of calcareous algae (Koninckopora sp.) to plurimicronic calcispheres, radiolarians and sponge spicules. Microbiota derived from all levels of the platform. Correspondingly, several carbonate microfacies types could be discerned. The early diagenetic micrite base of the turbidite preserved the anoxic basinal facies. The turbidite bed belongs to Foraminiferal Zone 15 (V3bα), theAlbaillella cartalla Zone (radiolarian chronology), and is the Lower and part of the Uppertexanus Zone (standard conodont zonation). From the few published data on foraminifers, the Kieselkalk is thought to range from Mid Viséan V2b to Late Viséan V3b gamma.     

石灰岩石器使用功效的模拟实验——以重庆巫山玉米洞遗址为例

本文以巫山玉米洞遗址为例,对石灰岩石器进行复制与使用功效的模拟实验,结果表明有些石灰岩在石器打制层面表现出较好的适用性,石灰岩石器在常规的砍砸、切割、挖掘等行为活动中表现出良好的功能实用性和效率。通过实验标本与遗址出土石器的对比分析,我们认为该遗址应存在优选天然毛坯直接使用而形成的“使用石器”,类型主要集中在砍砸器和手镐等重型工具,但二次加工的石器比“使用石器”更为有效耐用;有尖类石器在作用于硬性对象或结构不稳定、受力不均时容易产生残损,与出土有尖类石器较高的残损率相吻合;把手修理在石器使用过程中显得非常必要,为遗址出土石器普遍存在把手修理现象提供了合理解释。     

海南俄贤岭紫毛野牡丹灌丛群落特征研究

采用样方调查方法,对海南俄贤岭紫毛野牡丹（Melastoma penicillatum Naud.）灌丛群落的种类组成、区系类型和群落结构等进行了研究。结果显示,在200 m²的样地内,有维管植物37种,隶属于26科33属;属的区系成分以热带亚洲（印度-马来西亚）分布和泛热带分布为主,分别占非世界总属数的31.03%和24.14%。在种的水平上,泛热带分布最多,占非世界分布总种数的25%。群落种类主要由灌木（24种）和草本（9种）构成,灌木层中以紫毛野牡丹为优势种,草本层以乌毛蕨（Blechnum orientale L.）为优势种;藤本植物仅有3种。生活型以中高位芽为主,占40.54%;群落的频度划分为5个等级（A：1%~20%、B：21%~40%、C：41%~60%、D：61%~80%、E：81%~100%）,频度等级的分布规律为A > B > D > C=E。与该地海南凤仙花（Impatiens hainanensis Y.L.Chen）群落和海南大戟（Euphorbia hainanensis Croizat）灌丛群落进行比较发现,该群落植物种类更少,分布更稀疏,层次更明显。     

广西石灰岩季节性雨林分类的研究

广西北热带地区石灰岩山地占据相当大的面积,特别是桂西南一带,那里形成一种独特的石灰岩季节性雨林,与相邻的砂页岩或花岗岩山地季节性雨林镶嵌分布。本文主要论述它的分类系统和地理分布规律。