峨眉山百合属一新种

本文发表了峨眉山百合属1新种, 即峨眉百合Lilium omeiense Z.Y.Zhu, sp.nov.     

Photosynthetic Characteristic of Three Varieties of Lilium (Liliaceae)“Oriental Hybrids”in the Middle of Yunnan Province

To understand the ecophysiological adaptation of Lilium“Oriental Hybrids”which was grown for the commercial bulb, the gas exchange, leaf N and chlorophyll content of three varieties were investigated in the middle of Yunnan province. Among three varieties, light saturated photosynthetic rate at ambient CO₂ (A_max ) of“Siberia”was the highest, while“Siberia” (was the lowest. The difference in A_max was related to the carboxylation efficiency (CE), leaf mass per unit area and leaf N content per mass, which indicated that their photosynthetic capacity was influenced by the activity and/or the number of Rubisco. Three varieties had lower photosynthetic saturation point and photosynthetic compensation point, but their photosynthetic rate not decreased up to 2 000μmol m^{- 2} s ^{- 1}. This indicated that three varieties had broad adaptability to light intensity. There were significant differences in photosynthetic optimum temperature among three varieties. However, the variety“Siberia”had the highest photosynthetic optimum temperature ( 25.5℃- 34.9℃ ), and it was suitable to grow in the warm area. “Sorbonne”had the lowest photosynthetic optimum temperature ( 19.3℃- 25.6℃ ), and it can be grown in the cool area.“Tiber”could maintain high photosynthetic rate at a wide range of temperature, so it was more suitable for the climate in the middle of Yunnan province.     

用显微分离和超敏感银染电泳方法研究百合减数第一分裂周期蛋白质变化

利用"显微操作人工分离单细胞"、"微量蛋白SDS-PAGE"和"超敏感银染"技术对百合花粉母细胞减数第一分裂周期蛋白质组成与变化作了比较研究。100个百合减数分裂单细胞可检测到25条以上的蛋白质谱带。前期与中期蛋白质谱带数与谱型基本相似,并且未呈现明显变化。后期和末期谱型相同,但与前期和中期相比出现明显变化, 185KD谱带在后期和末期中出现, 28KD、27KD、26KD、24KD、23KD、22KD、18KD、16KD 8条谱带消失和H4变浅, H3完全消失。可以认为,本工作建立的实验方法和所得初步结果对开展高等植物减数分裂周期调控生化机理研究有一定参考价值。     

细叶百合无性繁殖条件的选择

以栽培的2 年生细叶百合(Lilium pumilum DC.)鳞茎为扦插材料, 将鳞茎分内、中、外三层剥取其鳞片, 观察鳞片在不同温度、光照强度、基质中的扦插生小鳞茎的效果。扦插40d 时, 鳞片基本枯萎, 此时的实验结果是:①影响扦插效果的重要因子是温度和光强, 25℃高温避光生鳞茎最佳;其次是鳞片位置, 中鳞片和外鳞片好于内鳞片;基质对扦插影响不大。②每百鳞片生小鳞茎数和小鳞茎直径呈正相关。③相同条件下, 相同部位的刀切鳞茎段所产生小鳞茎数量明显高于手掰的整片鳞片, 这一现象至今未见报导。     

Covalently bound wall proteins of pollen grains and pollen tubes grown in vitro and in styles after self- and cross-pollination in Lilium longiflorum

Summary A method was worked out using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMS) as a reagent to split the covalently bound proteins, which are NaCl insoluble, from pollen tube walls of Lilium longiflorum, leaving the peptide bonds essentially intact. After electrophoretic separation, comparisons were made among these proteins from pollen grains and pollen tubes grown in vitro and in styles after self- and cross-pollination. It was found that a) the patterns of covalently bound wall proteins were different between tubes grown in vitro and in vivo; b) fewer bands were found in covalently bound wall proteins than that in noncovalently bound proteins; c) the bands remained almost the same no matter whether the tubes had been cross pollinated or self pollinated, indicating that while the noncovalently bound proteins were involved in incompatibility as shown in the previous paper, the covalently bound proteins may only serve as a structural component, having little to do with incompatibility.     

Protection of pollen germination from adverse temperatures: a possible role for proline

Abstract After germination, pollen grains of Lilium longiflorum became very sensitive to short periods of heat stress as shown by the greatly reduced germination percentages upon subsequent incubation at the optimal temperature. Addition of proline to the incubation medium made pollen more resistant to heat. It was demonstrated that in a short time a large amount of proline was taken up by the cell. Germination and metabolic functions were completely or partially protected from heat damage by proline treatment. As well, it was shown that proline treatment at least partially protected pollen grains from cold stress. These results suggest that the high proline concentrations found in pollen of many species may confer resistance to germinating pollen grains at unfavourable temperatures thereby enhancing the chances of successful fertilization.     

The isolation and purification of surface specific proteins of somatic and reproductive protoplasts of lily and rapeseed

The plasma membrane surface proteins of intact somatic (leaf) and reproductive (pollen, generative cell or sperm cell) protoplasts of lily ( Lilium longiflorum ) and rapeseed ( Brassica napus cv. Midas) were compared after probing with N-hydroxysuccinimido- (NHS) or sulfo-NHS-biotin. The plasma membranes of intact protoplasts are impermeable to these biotin probes, which bind covalently to the free amino groups of surface proteins. Enzyme-labelled streptavidin was used to detect membrane proteins after separation by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. In lily, six proteins specific to the surface membrane of leaf protoplasts were identified varying from 25–64 kDa, three proteins to pollen protoplasts in the range 35–64 kDa and two proteins to generative cell protoplasts, 63 and 67 kDa. In rapeseed leaf protoplasts, seven proteins in the range 22–69 kDa were detected, while in the sperm enriched fraction five proteins were present in the same kDa range. The proteins identified as membrane specific for generative cell protoplasts of lily have been isolated and were used as antigens for monoclonal antibody production. Preliminary results indicate the successful production of antibodies to surface antigens. These antibodies will be used to localise surface specific epitopes which are likely to be involved in cell-cell recognition at fertilization.