论鲢、鳙对微囊藻的消化利用

1980年—1985年7—8月在水温30℃,溶氧8mg/L以上,pH值7—8,光照度2800lx的限制摄食量条件下,鲢、鳙鱼种对微囊藻干物质的消化率分别为29.45±4.37、26.07±2.15％;蛋白质消化率分别为39.20±3.44、33.71±2.93％;脂肪消化率分别为34.03±5.38、30.29±2.16％;碳水化合物消化率分别为36.61±4.15、30.39±2.81％。鱼种对微囊藻日需量分别为其体重的54.44和60.53％。鱼的生长与其生活水体中藻类的初始浓度有密切关系:(1)藻类浓度在0.4—0.8g/L时鲢、鳙分别增重1.55—7.41和0.78～6.21％;(2)藻类浓度在1.0—1.3g/L时鲢、鳙分别减重2.0—5.9和2.2—8.3％。0.8g/L为鲢、鳙滤食微囊藻的最大浓度。     

月桂叶精油成分及逐月动态变化

采用毛细柱 GC-MS 和弹性石英毛细柱 GC Kovats 指数的鉴定方法,从月桂(Laurusnobilis L.)叶精油中鉴定出45个化合物,其中1,4-桉叶油素、水合桧烯等19个系该种植物中首次报道。系统地研究了月桂干叶与鲜叶、不同产地、当年生与多年生成分,首次报道月桂叶精油成分逐月动态变化,表明其得率和主成分1,8-桉叶油素含量均以7月最高。     

Xylem cavitation and hydraulic control of stomatal conductance in Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.)

The possible link between stomatal conductance (g_L), leaf water potential ( Ψ _L) and xylem cavitation was studied in leaves and shoots of detached branches as well as of whole plants of Laurus nobilis L. (Laurel). Shoot cavitation induced complete stomatal closure in air‐dehydrated detached branches in less than 10 min. By contrast, a fine regulation of g_L in whole plants was the consequence of Ψ _L reaching the cavitation threshold ( Ψ _CAV) for shoots. A pulse of xylem cavitation in the shoots was paralleled by a decrease in g_L of about 50%, while Ψ _L stabilized at values preventing further xylem cavitation. In these experiments, no root signals were likely to be sent to the leaves from the roots in response to soil dryness because branches were either detached or whole plants were growing in constantly wet soil. The stomatal response to increasing evaporative demand appeared therefore to be the result of hydraulic signals generated during shoot cavitation. A negative feedback link is proposed between g_L and Ψ _CAV rather than with Ψ _L itself.     

Microsatellite loci isolated from the scleractinian coral, Acropora nobilis

We report the isolation and characterization of eight microsatellite loci from the scleractinian coral, Acropora nobilis. The microsatellite loci were obtained using compound SSR primers or an enrichment protocol. All the loci were polymorphic with four to eight alleles per locus and observed heterozygosities ranging from 0.22 to 0.76. Some of the primers developed for the two congeners, Acropora palmata and Acropora millepora were applicable to A. nobilis. These loci are useful for studying the connectivity among A. nobilis populations in Okinawa, southern Japan.     

人工培养条件下君子兰雄配子体发育与核酸、蛋白质合成的研究

作者建立了离体培养君子兰雄配子体的简易方法并观察了其发育过程。应用核酸、蛋白质合成抑制剂和放射自显影技术,研究不同发育阶段雄配子体的核酸和蛋白质的合成。发现四分孢子释放以后,DNA 的合成仅在有丝分裂间期的细胞核内进行;散粉前96小时至精细胞形成,营养核、生殖核和精于核中均未见~3H-胸苷掺入。RNA 和蛋白质合成的动态相似,各有三次高峰和两次停顿。抑制剂的种类和加入的时间、数量对发育的影响不同,显示了 DNA、RNA 和蛋白质合成间及生物大分子合成与雄配子体形态发育间的相关性。     

利用17个微卫星标记分析鳙鱼的遗传多样性

选用本实验室克隆的17个鳙鱼微卫星分子标记分析四川泸州和江西鄱阳湖的两个种群鳙鱼的遗传多样性及种质特性,计算和统计了杂合度、多态信息含量（PIC）、有效等位基因数、等位基因频率、遗传距离、遗传相似系数、Hardy-Weinberg平衡偏离指数等方面内容。结果表明：选择使用17个微卫星标记,其中有4个为单态标记,13个为多态标记。江西和四川鳙鱼群体每个微卫星位点的平均等位基因数分别为3.325及3.882,平均有效等位基因数分别为3.531及2.676,多态位点百分率分别为82.4及70.5, 17个微卫星标记共有等位基因71个,多态微卫星位点的PIC在0.114~0.960之间变动,平均为0.417 ,两群体位点平均观测杂合度为0.385和0.452,平均期望杂合度为0.360和0.422,两个群体间的遗传相似系数为0.897,群体间的遗传距离为0.109。     

Un gisement a plantes des formations pliocènes des environs de Rasteau près Vaison-la-Romaine (Vaucluse): Stratigraphie,faune, étude des macrorestes végétaux,palynologie

A new Pliocene deposit with vegetal impressionswas discovered at Rasteau (near Vaison-la-Romaine, Vaucluse. The study of these impression and the sporopollinic analysis from many levels allows us to specify its stratigraphical position in the Pliocene of the Rhone valley. So, the above mentioned levels settled just before the Hautimagne deposit (Neogene zone MN 14 for the mammals). The macroflora and the microflora appear to be related with a temperate warm and wet climate.     

鲢和鳙的氮平衡研究——Ⅰ.在高温季节(夏季)氮平衡几个参数的测定

高温季节,在静止吋(摄食状态)的氮代谢方程式鲢为Mg=0.054W~(0.884)(毫克-氮/小时);鳙为Mg=0.073 W~(0.782)(毫克-氮/小时);氮的运动代谢量随游泳速度(s)的增大呈指数增长。氮的收支公式鲢为0.44 C_N=0.181 W~(0.61) 24/0.75{0.054-0.021(1-e~(0.2168)}W~(0.884);鳙为0.57 C_N=1.98 W~(0.61) 24/0.75{0.075-0.033(1-e~(0.1798)}W~(0.782)。以鲢和鳙对微囊藻和溞的氮的消化吸收率为基础,推算出在湖中的鲢、鳙对食物的消化率(按氮计算)分别为44%和57%。上述摄食量与使用森下(1968)公式所求得的结果极为一致。按湿重计算,20克的鲢每天的摄食量为体重的65—80%,鳙则为47—55%。