贵州盘县大洞更新世灵长类化石

本文记述贵州盘县大洞中－晚更新世洞穴堆积中的猴类化石,数量不多,被归入短尾猴（Ｍａｃａｃａａｒｃｔｏｉｄｅｓ）,熊猴（Ｍ．ｃｆ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ）和疣猴亚科（Ｃｏｌｏｂｉｎａｅ）本研究为南方洞穴堆积单个灵长类牙齿的鉴定积累一些资料,同时也扩大了贵州省猴类化石的分布。     

Plant diversity in late medieval cornfields of northern Switzerland

Weed assemblages from late medieval cornfields have been studied for the first time in northern Switzerland. Eleven samples from at least two different grain stores were investigated. The samples were collected from the carbonised remains of six wooden houses built in the late 13th century A.D. and which burnt down in the middle of the 15th century. The weed floras found in the spelt (Triticum spelta) and oats (Avena sativa) indicate a high botanical diversity in the cornfields at harvest time. Although oats are normally a summer crop and spelt a winter crop, both summer and winter crop weeds (as well as many different present-day grassland taxa) were found in each type of grain. Most of the weeds found were perennial plants, which was interpreted as an indication of both extensive tillage of the arable land and application of the three-field rotation system (Dreifelderwirtschaft). The spectra of the two palaeophytocoenoses (assemblages of ancient plant remains) studied suggest that the phytosociological method may not be reliable for classification of the late medieval remains into summer and winter crop weed communities. These findings should provide a better understanding of the development of anthropogenic plant communities, and in particular, the development of crop weed communities.     

Evidence from charcoal analysis for environmental change during the interval late Bronze Age to Roman,at the archaeological site of Castro de Penices,N.W. Portugal

Vegetation and environmental change from late Bronze Age to the Roman period in north-west Portugal is reconstructed on the basis of charcoal analyses. The site was occupied by people of the Castrejo culture, i.e. an Iron Age culture that developed in the north-west Iberian peninsula. The pattern of exploitation of natural wood resources by local populations during this period appears to be similar during the three phases of occupation. The frequencies of light-demanding plant species, mostly Leguminosae, testify to considerable destruction and degeneration of the climax woodlands. The preference of particular wood for specific uses, such as roofing, is discussed and the Holocene history of selected trees within the wider region is considered.     

陕西乾县的旧石器

石制品八件,发现于陕西乾县大北沟黄土之下砂砾粘土层中,和更新世晚期的哺乳类化石伴存。另外由大北沟附近地表拾到一件手斧,和蓝田平梁的大尖状器相似,推测为旧石器时代的文化遗物。     

四川自贡大山铺蜀龙动物群——简报Ⅲ.蜥脚类

本文记述了中侏罗世蜥脚类一新属种——巴山酋龙(Datousaurus bashanensts gen. et sp. nov.)对李氏蜀龙(Shunosaurus lii)的特征进行了补充,讨论了它们在蜥脚类进化过程中的位置。     

科氏仓鼠(Kowalskia)一新种

山东沂南马牧池区双泉西山红棕色角砾岩层中的Kowalskia yinanensis sp.nov.头骨和下颌是该属迄今所发现的最完整的材料。这种仓鼠大小接近波兰晚上新世的K.magna,具有和Cricetinua varians相似性状的头骨及下颌。臼齿尖(嵴)发育程度较捷克最晚上新世的K.intermedia稍原始,时代上大致可与之相对比。     

A reappraisal of the Palaeopantopoda with description of a species from the Jurassic

The Devonian fossil Palaeoisopus appears, in the light of recent evidence from newly found specimens, to be much nearer extant pycnogonids than previously surmised. The fossil record of the Pycnogonida is extended to the Jurassic on the basis of a long overlooked Solenhofen example. Most of the specimens ascribed to the common Solenhofen Phalangites cannot be pycnogonids, but it is possible that we are dealing with a complex of superficially similar fossils. A revision of the classification of the fossil pycnogonids (Order Palaeopantopoda) is suggested in the light of this new material.     

腊玛古猿和西瓦古猿的形态特征及其系统关系——颅骨的形态与比较

本文通过具体的形态比较指出,禄丰腊玛古猿和西瓦古猿应为同一类型的雌雄个体,它们与现代猩猩比较相似,而与大猩猩和黑猩猩差别较大,因此,它们可看作是猩猩的祖先。猩猩这一支大约是在一千二百万年前开始从人猿超科的进化主干上分化出来的。     

山西蒲县薛关细石器

本文记述了采自山西蒲县薛关的一批细石器。这批石器属于以楔状石核为特征的典型细石器技术传统。它的发现,对探索旧石器时代晚期人类在吕梁山一带劳动、生息状况,对进一步探讨我国华北地区各细石器文化之间的相互关系,都有一定的意义。     

中国晚期旧石器的碳-14断代和问题

根据已公布的47个碳-14数据,进而分析10处中国晚期遗址的年代和问题,并提出不同的看法。文中强调:露天遗址中碳-14数据的异常现象,往往与各种原因形成的再次堆积有关。因此必须注意样品的采集和避免引用孤零的碳-14数据,同时还要结合地层和文化性质的分析,才可能保证断代的准确性。