A NEW GENUS OF HIODONTIDAE FROM LUOZIGOU BASIN, EAST JILIN

<正> Manchurichthys (Saito, 1936) has been, for a long time, the only representative of fossil vertebrate known from the Oil-bearing member of Dalazi Formation, Luozigou Basin, East Jilin. Since 1978, some new materials have been collected there by the Regional Geological Brigade of Jilin Province and the present author. Two more forms of fossil fishes are not known to occur in the rocks of this section. One is Sinarnia luozigouensis (Li, 1984) which is referred to Amiiformes; the other, Yanbiania (gen. nov.), is described in this paper and included in the osteoglossomorphan family Hiodontidae.     

中国担子菌纲木生真菌两新记录种

在对吉林省长白山自然保护区进行菌物资源调查中,发现担子菌纲的两种木生真菌,浅黄缘索革菌( Hypochniciellum cremeoisabellinum )和泊氏尖齿菌( Mucronella bresadolae ),两者均为中国新记录种,同时缘索革菌属( Hypochniciellum )和尖齿菌属( Mucronella )也为中国新记录属.本文根据采集的材料对它们进行了详细的描述和显微结构绘图.     

吉林省种子植物分布新记录

报道了吉林省新记录的6种种子植物,分属4科, 6属。     

凡纳滨对虾对吉林西部盐碱水的适应性

采用淡化虾塘水添加天然盐碱水的方法,进行盐碱水环境下凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生存能力实验,探讨吉林西部盐碱水域对虾养殖技术.结果表明,未驯化幼虾在碱度为515～19.24 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水体存活时间大于96 h,在23.41～38.78 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水体生存时间小于0.75 h;驯化幼虾在碱度为5.15～38.78 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水体存活时间大于24 h.未驯化幼虾适应的盐碱水碱度上限在10 mmol·L^-1左右,对递增碱度差的适应能力小于8 mmol·L^-1.提高驯化水平,可增强幼虾对盐碱水环境的综合适应能力.碱度驯化至30 mmol·L^-1的幼虾对递增碱度差和递减碱度差的适应能力分别为2～4 mmol·L^-1及3～25 mmol·L^-1,可以在吉林西部碱度小于32 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水域养殖凡纳滨对虾.     

Evaluation of the eco-environmental frangibility in west Jilin Province based on the matter-element model

The west Jilin Province is a typical area in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry, with a frangible eco-environment. With respect to the three aspects of water resource, natural disasters and land degradation, 10 indices were selected to establish a mat-ter-element model for the assessment of eco-envir-onmental frangibility in the west Jilin Province. The results indicate that during 1985-2000, Qian'an, Fuyu, and Changling had the least frangibility (level I), followed by Da'an and Qianguo (level II), and Taobei, Zhenlai, Taonan, and Tongyu had the highest frangibility (level III). On the whole, the counties in Songyuan city were less frangible than those in Baicheng city. Different counties had different frangibilities to environmental factors, e.g., Da'an and Tongyu were frangible in water resource con-ditions; Taobei, Zhenlai, Taonan, Tongyu and Qian'an suffered most from natural disasters; while Taobei, Taonan and Qianguo were threatened by severe land degradation.     

中国毛茛科分布新记录种——垂萼银莲花

该文首次报道了毛茛科银莲花属植物垂萼银莲花(Anemone pendulisepala Y.N.Lee)在中国的分布,提供了该种的中文形态描述,并简要讨论了该种的系统学地位与命名问题。     

吉林省香菜一新病害——白粉病

通过病害症状和病原形态学特征对吉林省香菜种植区白粉病病原菌进行鉴定,结果为该病由独活白粉菌（Erysiphe heraclei DC．）引起。香菜白粉病为吉林省香菜一新病害,且芫荽属为东北地区白粉菌属级新记录寄主。     

基于环境星与MODIS时序数据的面向对象森林植被分类

林区地形复杂、植被分布无序,且森林植被光谱信息相近,因而森林二级类型边界的确定成为土地覆盖遥感分类的难点。选择吉林省东部山区为研究区,以环境星影像(HJ-1 CCD)和中等分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)时序数据为基础,采用面向对象的分类方法进行森林植被类型的提取。分类特征参数主要选取了HJ-1 CCD的光谱和纹理特征,以及MODIS时序数据的物候特征。研究区总体分类精度为91.5%,Kappa系数为0.88,森林二级类型的分类精度均较高,其中落叶阔叶林的制图精度达到了97.1%。所用的面向对象分类方法与未加入物候特征的面向对象分类方法相比,森林二级类型的分类精度得到大幅度提高。     

吉林西部野生罗布麻生长季内土壤水盐变化趋势的研究

对吉林西部野生罗布麻分布区0~50 cm深度的土壤水盐变化趋势进行了研究,结果发现:土壤水分在水平格局的3个区有所不同,密集区和边缘区土壤水份含量和变化趋势相近,空白区土壤水份高于前两个区,垂直格局中,水份波动幅度随深度的增加而递减;土壤全盐量在水平格局的3个区含量不同,密集区边缘区空白区,在垂直格局中,密集区随深度增加,全盐量的波幅递减,边缘区和空白区是20~30 cm层含量高、波幅大,其它二层含量低波幅小;水平格局3个区的pH值是:密集区边缘区空白区,垂直格局中,密集和边缘两个区的20~30 cm层pH值高于其他两层,空白区pH值随深度增加呈递减趋势。正常生长的罗布麻土壤水份含量在9%~20%之间;全盐量在0.05%~0.25%之间;pH值在7.8~9.4之间。当生长季内大部分时间水份低于5%或高于21%、全盐量在0.35%以上、pH值高于9.8时,罗布麻不能生长。罗布麻根系发达,能贮存较多水分以应对干旱环境。该植物适于栽培在垄高为20~30 cm的环境中。苗期能耐受较高的全盐量和pH值,是一种适合于干旱盐碱环境的经济植物。