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161.
深山含笑叶片总酚超声波提取工艺的优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用单因素实验方法研究了超声波辅助提取过程中乙醇浓度、料液比、提取温度和提取时间对深山含笑(Michelia maudiae Dunn)叶片总酚提取率的影响,并采用正交实验方法确定了最佳提取工艺条件。结果表明,深山含笑叶片总酚超声波辅助提取的最佳提取工艺为:按1:30(质量-体积比)的料液比加入体积分数70%的乙醇,于65℃条件下用超声波辅助提取30min。采用最佳的超声波提取工艺,深山含笑叶片的总酚提取率可达到11.41%。定性分析结果显示,深山含笑叶片的总酚提取物具有典型的酚类化合物特性,并显示出鞣质类成分、黄酮类成分和香豆素类成分的定性反应特征。 相似文献
162.
The presence of large scrapers has been reported from Acheulean sites worldwide but they are rarely described in detail. At Gesher Benot Ya'aqov (GBY), a similar group of artifacts, named here "massive scrapers," was identified as a significant component of the lithic assemblage. In this paper, we define and describe this Acheulean tool type and discuss its size, morphology, and technology. We demonstrate that at GBY these tools were shaped on flakes that were side-products of the reduction sequence to produce bifaces (handaxes and cleavers). We hypothesize that these blanks were rejected as potential bifaces during the knapping sequence but considered suitable for the retouching of massive scrapers, and were set aside for future work. We support our view with data from archaeological finds younger than those of GBY, as well as with evidence from controlled experimental knapping and ethnoarchaeological observations. We then discuss the contribution of this elaborate knapping strategy to our understanding of Lower Paleolithic hominin behavior, particularly in the domains of multifaceted planning and foresight. 相似文献
163.
Process analytical technology (PAT) has been gaining a lot of momentum in the biopharmaceutical community due to the potential for continuous real-time quality assurance resulting in improved operational control and compliance. Two of the key goals that have been outlined for PAT are "variability is managed by the process" and "product quality attributes can be accurately and reliably predicted over the design space established for materials used, process parameters, manufacturing, environmental, and other conditions". Recently, we have been examining the feasibility of applying different analytical tools for designing PAT applications for bioprocessing. We have previously shown that a commercially available online high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system can be used for analysis that can facilitate real-time decisions for column pooling based on product quality attributes (Rathore et al., 2008). In this article we test the feasibility of using a commercially available ultra- performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system for real-time pooling of process chromatography columns. It is demonstrated that the UPLC system offers a feasible approach and meets the requirements of a PAT application. While the application presented here is of a reversed phase assay, the approach and the hardware can be easily applied to other modes of liquid chromatography. 相似文献
164.
John F. Hoffecker 《Evolutionary anthropology》2005,14(5):186-198
The technology of modern humans is unique in the animal kingdom with respect to its complexity and capacity for innovation. Evidence of technological complexity and creativity in the archeological record is broadly coincident with and presumably related to traces of creativity in art, music, ritual, and other forms of symbolism. The pattern of modern human technology is part of a larger package of behavior (sometimes referred to as “behavioral modernity”) that emerges with the appearance of industries in Eurasia classified as Upper Paleolithic, but has deeper roots in the African Middle Stone Age. 1 - 5 . 相似文献
165.
Significance and Progress of Bionics 总被引:28,自引:1,他引:27
1 IntroductionTheappetencyofhumanforthecreationisthees sentialmotivityoftheinnovationinscienceandtech nology .Natureandsocietyaretheobjectsforustocog nizeandserve ,meanwhile ,thebestteachersforustolearnfromthem .Theaimofthescienceisfindingknowledgeandtruth .Thedriveandthesourceofresearchbyhumancomefromtheappetiteandcuriosityforthephenomenaandregulationofnatureandsociety ,fromtheresearchoftheinconsistencyanddifferencebetweentheob tainedinformationsystemandthenewlyfoundphe nomenaandregulation ,… 相似文献
166.
SHI Zhaoxing* WANG Hengliang* HU Kun FENG Erling YAO Xiao HUANG Liuyu SU Guofu HUANG Peitang & HUANG Cuifen . Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing China . College of Life Science Shandong Normal University Jinan China . College of Environmental Chemical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Correspondence should be addressed to Huang Liuyu 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2004,47(6):494-502
~~Screening and identification of Shigella flexneri 2a virulence-related genes induced after invasion of epithelial cells1. Jin, Q., Yuan, Z., Xu, J., Wang, Y., Shen, Y., Lu, W., Wang, J., Liu, H., Yang, J., Yang, P., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Yang, G, Wu, H., Qu, D., Dong, J., Sun, L., Xue, Y, Zhao, A., Gao, Y., Zhu, J., Kan, B., Ding, K.. Chen, S., Cheng, H., Yao, Z., He, B., Chen, R., Ma, D., Qiang, B., Wen, Y, Hou, Y., Yu, J., Genome sequence of Shigella flexneri 2… 相似文献
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170.
Roland Ludwig Magdalena Ozga Marcel Z mocky Clemens Peterbauer Klaus D. Kulbe Dietmar Haltrich 《Biocatalysis and Biotransformation》2004,22(2):97-104
An efficient enzymatic bioprocess is described in which lactose, an abundant renewable resource produced by the dairy industry, is completely and efficiently converted with a specific productivity of up to 32 g (kU h)-1 into lactobionic acid, without the formation of any by-products. The key biocatalyst of this new process is the fungal enzyme cellobiose dehydrogenase which oxidizes several β-1,4-linked disaccharides including lactose specifically at position C-1 of the reducing sugar moiety to the corresponding lactones. The electron acceptor employed in this reaction is continuously regenerated with the help of laccase, a H2O-producing, copper-containing oxidase, and therefore has to be added in low, catalytic amounts only. Redox mediators that were successfully employed in this novel process and hence are compatible with the laccase regeneration system include benzoquinone, ABTS, ferricyanide, or ferrocene, amongst others. Factors affecting operational stability of the biocatalysts employed in this process include the redox mediator used, the temperature, and importantly the volumetric gas flow necessary for maintaining the dissolved oxygen tension. Lactobionic acid is a mild and sweet tasting acid with excellent chelating properties. These useful characteristics have lead to a growing number of patents for diverse applications in the food, pharmaceutical and detergent industries. 相似文献