合理利用网络资源为《微生物学》教学服务

充分利用网络上的教学资源 ,经过整理、修正、补充之后应用到微生物学的教学中 ,提高微生物学的教学质量和教学效率。     

基于潜意识理论的青少年网络成瘾研究

本文综述了青少年网络成瘾的预防和戒除方法,坚持了"习惯说",保留了对"疾病说"的看法。基于潜意识理论,将网络成瘾视为心理亚健康状态,分析了青少年网络成瘾的发生机理、提出了其预防和戒除原则。青少年网络成瘾的成因是心理上的缺失感,与青少年自我防护意识差、自我控制能力小、心理弹性弱,以及潜意识具有反复影响才可改变的特点有关。戒除网络成瘾的原则是淡化评判试测的标准、分散注意力、培养成就感、增强自信心、坚持以心治心等。     

“互联网+”发酵工程实操与虚拟仿真中试实验室平台的建设与探索

发酵工程是理工科高校生物工程学科领域的核心课程之一,是一门应用性、实践性极强的专业课程。该课程传统的实践模式已无法满足当前高校对大学生工程素质教育的需求。随着信息技术、自控技术的飞速发展,多层次、跨学科的“互联网+”教学已成为现今高等教育人才培养的新模式。本文中的发酵工程实操与虚拟仿真中试实验室平台以工程学为技术手段,通过“互联网+”将虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)技术、信息自动化控制技术、数据库与发酵过程控制有机地结合在一起,构建一个“虚实”结合的“多维”工程中试实验室平台,并以此作为抓手开展食品发酵技能训练课程工程素质教育教学的创新与探索。初步建设成果与前期教学效果表明,该实验室平台的建设对发酵工程及相关专业学生的实践动手能力有明显的提高,为后期建设积累了宝贵的经验及大量有价值的工程实训数据。     

A comparison of diversity estimators applied to a database of host–parasite associations

Understanding the drivers of biodiversity is important for forecasting changes in the distribution of life on earth. However, most studies of biodiversity are limited by uneven sampling effort, with some regions or taxa better sampled than others. Numerous methods have been developed to account for differences in sampling effort, but most methods were developed for systematic surveys in which all study units are sampled using the same design and assemblages are sampled randomly. Databases compiled from multiple sources, such as from the literature, often violate these assumptions because they are composed of studies that vary widely in their goals and methods. Here, we compared the performance of several popular methods for estimating parasite diversity based on a large and widely used parasite database, the Global Mammal Parasite Database (GMPD). We created artificial datasets of host–parasite interactions based on the structure of the GMPD, then used these datasets to evaluate which methods best control for differential sampling effort. We evaluated the precision and bias of seven methods, including species accumulation and nonparametric diversity estimators, compared to analyzing the raw data without controlling for sampling variation. We find that nonparametric estimators, and particularly the Chao2 and second-order jackknife estimators, perform better than other methods. However, these estimators still perform poorly relative to systematic sampling, and effect sizes should be interpreted with caution because they tend to be lower than actual effect sizes. Overall, these estimators are more effective in comparative studies than for producing true estimates of diversity. We make recommendations for future sampling strategies and statistical methods that would improve estimates of global parasite diversity.     

An Evaluation of the Role the Internet Site Petfinder Plays in Cat Adoptions

To better understand factors contributing to cat adoptions, this study was used to explore a possible association between an adoptable cat's popularity on Petfinder and the cat's length of availability for adoption at a managed-intake nonhuman animal shelter. This study was also used to examine factors associated with a cat's popularity on Petfinder and the percentage of adopters who visited Petfinder before making adoption decisions. One third of adopters surveyed visited Petfinder before adopting, and half of those had viewed their adopted cats' Petfinder profiles. The number of clicks per day that cats received on the site was negatively correlated with their length of availability. Age at adoption was positively correlated with length of availability and negatively correlated with number of clicks per day. Coat color was a strong predictor of number of clicks per day and length of availability. The only variable within the photographer's control significantly associated with number of clicks per day was whether the photos included toys. Although cats' physical characteristics are strong predictors of their popularity, strategic use of toys in cats' photographs may promote adoptions of cats who are typically overlooked.     

In silico identification of novel lncRNAs with a potential role in diagnosis of gastric cancer

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Due to the shortage of adequate symptoms in the early stages, it is diagnosed when the tumor has spread to distant organs. Early recognition of GC enhances the chance of successful treatment. Molecular mechanisms of GC are still poorly understood. LncRNAs are emerging as new players in cancer in both oncogene and tumor suppressor roles. High-throughput technologies such as RNA-Seq, have revealed thousands of lncRNAs which are dysregulated in GC. In this study, we retrieved lncRNAs obtained by High-throughput technologies from OncoLnc database. Consequently, retrieved lncRNAs were compared in literature-based databases including PubMed. As a result, two lists, including experimentally validated lncRNAs and predicted lncRNAs were provided. We found 43 predicted lncRNAs that had not been experimentally validated in GC, so far. Further Bioinformatics analyses were performed to obtain the expression profile of predicted lncRNAs in tumor and normal tissues. Also, the roles and targets of predicted lncRNAs in GC were identified by related databases. Finally, using the GEPIA database was reviewed the significant relationship of predicted lncRNAs with the survival of GC patients. By recognizing the lncRNAs involved in initiation and progression of GC, they may be considered as potential biomarkers in the GC early diagnosis or targeted treatment and lead to novel therapeutic strategies.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma