Impaired cell proliferation in regenerating liver of 3 β-hydroxysterol Δ14-reductase (TM7SF2) knock-out mice

The liver is the most important organ in cholesterol metabolism, which is instrumental in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The gene Tm7sf2 codifies for 3 β-hydroxysterol-Δ¹⁴-reductase (C14-SR), an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein catalyzing the reduction of C14-unsaturated sterols during cholesterol biosynthesis from lanosterol. In this study we analyzed the role of C14-SR in vivo during cell proliferation by evaluating liver regeneration in Tm7sf2 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Tm7sf2 KO mice showed no alteration in cholesterol content. However, accumulation and delayed catabolism of hepatic triglycerides was observed, resulting in persistent steatosis at all times post hepatectomy. Moreover, delayed cell cycle progression to the G1/S phase was observed in Tm7sf2 KO mice, resulting in reduced cell division at the time points examined. This was associated to abnormal ER stress response, leading to alteration in p53 content and, consequently, induction of p21 expression in Tm7sf2 KO mice. In conclusion, our results indicate that Tm7sf2 deficiency during liver regeneration alters lipid metabolism and generates a stress condition, which, in turn, transiently unbalances hepatocytes cell cycle progression.     

14-3-3theta 蛋白在人骨肉瘤中的表达和临床意义

目的：研究14-3-3theta蛋白在人骨肉瘤中的表达和临床意义。方法：在62 例人骨肉瘤和正常骨组织样本中,通过免疫组化 的方法检测14-3-3theta 蛋白的表达情况,并分析其表达与骨肉瘤临床病理学特征间的关系。结果：在62 例骨肉瘤和正常骨组织 中,14-3-3theta 蛋白表达的阳性率分别为80.6%和17.7%。统计学分析表明,14-3-3theta 蛋白的表达与骨肉瘤肿瘤大小（P=0.016）、 高组织学类型（P=0.001）、高Enneking分级（P=0.047）具有显著相关性,而与骨肉瘤患者的年龄（P=0.901）、性别（P=0.691）、肿瘤部 位（P=0.802）、碱性磷酸酶（P=0.884）、血清白蛋白（P=0.822）、血沉（P=0.836）等均无关。Spearman 相关性分析检测发现,14-3-3theta 蛋白高表达与肿瘤大小（r = -0.34, P = 0.034）、高组织学分级（r = -0.27, P = 0.031）、高Enneking 分级（r = -0.05, P = 0.025）呈正相 关,而与骨肉瘤患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、碱性磷酸酶和血沉等均无相关性（P > 0.05）。结论：在骨肉瘤组织中,14-3-3theta 作为 癌基因表达增加,与骨肉瘤的疾病进展密切相关,14-3-3theta 可以作为骨肉瘤疾病监测的一种分子指标。     

Development of a reaction system for the selective conversion of (−)-trans-carveol to (−)-carvone with whole cells of Rhodococcus erythropolis DCL14

The present article addresses the development of a microbial reaction system for the transformation of carveol to carvone, using whole cells of Rhodococcus erythropolis DCL14. This strain contains a NAD-dependent carveol dehydrogenase (CDH) when grown on limonene or on cyclohexanol. When a mixture of (−)-cis and (−)-trans-carveol is supplied, only (−)-trans-carveol is converted. Thus, besides (−)-carvone, pure (−)-cis-carveol can be obtained as product.

Initial experiments were performed batchwise using an aqueous system. (−)-Trans-carveol conversion rate gradually decreased during successive reutilisation batches. After the third reutilisation, activity was completely lost. Cells grown on cyclohexanol showed a slightly higher activity as compared to cells grown on (+)-limonene. A production of 4.3 μmol (−)-carvone formed per mg protein was achieved. A significant improvement with respect to initial reaction rate and productivity was obtained with aqueous–organic two-phase systems. Using a 5 to 1 buffer/iso-octane system, a 40% increase in the initial rate and a 16-fold increase of the production was observed. A further improvement resulted from increasing the volume of solvent (1 to 1 buffer/dodecane ratio). An initial reaction rate of 26 nmol/(min*mg protein) was observed, while production increased to 208 μmol (−)-carvone formed per mg protein. As in the single-phase system, reaction rate gradually decreased along the successive cell reutilisation batches. Addition of co-substrates for the regeneration of NAD did not prevent this decay. A simple downstream process was developed for the recovery of carvone and cis-carveol.     

烟草花叶病毒及其弱毒疫苗-N14基因组cDNA克隆的构建与侵染性分析

植物病毒弱毒疫苗在防治植物病毒病害中发挥着重要的作用,但对于其致弱的根本原因和机理仍不十分清楚。弱病毒能够在植物体内生存和繁殖,却不严重危害植物的生长、开花和种子生产,而对外来病毒具有杀灭和防治作用,这种共生和保护宿主的现象是大多数植物弱病毒所具有的共同...     

Clec14a is specifically expressed in endothelial cells and mediates cell to cell adhesion

Clec14a is a member of the thrombomodulin (TM) family, but its function has not yet been determined. Here, we report that Clec14a is a plasma membrane protein of endothelial cells (ECs) expressed specifically in the vasculature of mice. Deletion mutant analysis revealed that Clec14a mediates cell–cell adhesion through its C-type lectin-like domain. Knockdown of Clec14a in ECs suppressed cell migratory activity and filopodial protrusion, and delayed formation of tube-like structures. These findings demonstrate that Clec14a is a novel EC-specific protein that appears to play a role in cell–cell adhesion and angiogenesis.     

Cell-Bound Serine Proteinase of Sporulating Cells of Bacillus subtilis

2-Deuterio-2-cyclohexen-l-one, 3-deuterio-2-cyclohexen-l-one and 2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one were reduced by Clostridium La 1 giving a single bioconversion product resulting from reduction of the carbon-carbon double bond. Stereochemistry of the reaction was studied.     

ldlD-14细胞表达NCAM并控制其N-聚糖合成的细胞模型的建立

神经细胞黏附分子(Neural cell adhesion molecule,NCAM)是一类表达于神经元、胶质细胞、骨骼细胞以及自然杀伤细胞表面的糖蛋白。NCAM在细胞-细胞黏附及神经细胞迁移等过程中起着重要作用,也是用来研究多聚唾液酸(Polysialic acid,PSA)的模式蛋白。将来源于小鼠乳腺上皮细胞NMuMG中的NCAM基因克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+),转染至中国仓鼠卵巢细胞突变株ldlD-14细胞中,通过抗生素G418筛选及蛋白质印迹法检测,得到过表达NCAM的永久转染细胞株。利用ldlD-14细胞的特性,通过在无血清的基本培养基中添加半乳糖与否可以轻易操纵NCAM分子上糖链的修饰,为后期研究糖基化对NCAM分子功能的影响提供工作基础。     

SARS冠状病毒Nsp14基因的克隆与表达

对SARS冠状病毒的非结构蛋白Nsp14的基因全长进行了克隆表达。根据公布的SARS冠状病毒的非结构蛋白Nsp14的基因序列设计引物,用PCR的方法把该基因从SARS冠状病毒的cDNA片段中扩增出来,经限制性内切酶BamHI与XhoI双酶切后插入到原核表达载体pET30a( )中,建成重组载体pET30a-Exo。重组载体转化大肠杆菌并进行诱导表达,通过原核表达的方法得到了该蛋白。这为该蛋白的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

黑曲霉N14植酸酶基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的高效表达

从黑曲霉N14基因组DNA中扩增出植酸酶phyA基因表达片段 ,并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体中。以此片段构建了pPIC9K-phyA重组表达载体 ,目的片段以正确的阅读框架插入到pPIC9K的多克隆位点EcoRⅠ和NotⅠ之间。重组表达载体经XbaⅠ线性化处理 ,电击转化毕赤酵母 ,经G418抗性筛选、酶活性测定、PCR鉴定和SDS-PAGE分析 ,获得了两株产酶活性分别为 14 39583u mL发酵液 (PP N1422 )和14 89083u/mL发酵液 (PP-N1444)的高产工程菌 ,其酶活性分别是出发菌株酶活性 (422u/mL)的 34113倍和 35286倍 ,重组酵母具有很好的遗传稳定性。重组植酸酶在pH值 2.5～3.0和 5.0～5.5时酶活性最高 ,且在pH4.5～6.5之间均有相当高的酶活性 ,最适作用温度为55℃。     

人CD14基因的克隆及序列测定

采用PCR技术,从佛波酯乙醇刺激的HL-60细胞基因组DNA中扩增获得了1.1 kb的人CD14基因.序列分析表明,有四个碱基发生了突变,其中两处为首次报道.