Successful ovulation induction and laparoscopic intrauterine artificial insemination in the clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)

Exogenous gonadotropins and a laparoscopic intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) technique were assessed for effectiveness in the clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), a species difficult to breed in captivity due to severe mate incompatibility. Fourteen hormone trials using 10 female clouded leopards were performed to evaluate the ability of 50, 100, or 200 i.u. pregnant mares' serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and 75 or 100 i.u. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce folliculogenesis and ovulation, respectively. Laparoscopic evaluation of ovarian activity was conducted at 29–48 hr after hCG administration. Time of ovulation in PMSG/hCG-treated clouded leopards was approximately 38–39 hr after hCG. Excessive follicular development was observed using the high hormone dosages (200 i.u. PMSG/100 i.u. hCG), whereas the lower dosages avoided ovarian hyperstimulation. Previous ovulation sites and mature corpora lutea were detected upon laparoscopic examinations in two of the 10 females housed alone, indicating that this species occasionally spontaneously ovulates. Five females were inseminated by depositing electroejaculated, washed sperm transabdominally into the proximal aspect of each uterine horn. One postovulatory female, previously treated with 100 i.u. PMSG and 75 i.u. hCG and inseminated in utero with 88 × 10⁶ motile sperm at 45 hr post-hCG, produced a pregnancy and two live cubs after an 89 day gestation. These results demonstrate: (1) an exquisite ovarian sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins in clouded leopards; and (2) that artificial insemination has the potential of resulting in offspring in this species. (This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.) © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

腹腔镜下小儿疝气手术的护理干预及效果分析

目的分析腹腔镜下小儿疝气手术的护理干预方法及效果。方法选取2015年6月~2016年5月我院收治的98例腹腔镜下小儿疝气手术患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组各49例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组给予针对性护理干预,观察比较两组治疗效果及并发症发生情况。结果观察组患儿的下床活动时间、住院时间与术后疼痛水平均优于对照组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患儿术后牵拉疼痛、尿潴留与切口感染等并发症发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜下小儿疝气手术配合针对性护理干预有助于促进病情恢复、预防并发症的发生,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

宫腔镜联合腹腔镜在女性不孕症诊治中的应用

目的：探讨宫腔镜联合腹腔镜在女性不孕诊断及治疗中的临床应用价值。方法：回顾性分析60例我院收治的采用宫腔镜联合腹腔镜进行诊断和治疗的女性不孕症患者为研究对象,对其临床资料进行分析。结果：宫腔镜联合腹腔镜检查发现,60例不孕症患者中,56．7％的患者患有慢性盆腔炎,16．7％的患者为子宫内膜异位症,11．7％的患者为多囊卵巢综合征;单纯腹腔镜检查的阳性检出率为60．0％,单纯宫腔镜检查的阳性检出率为28．3％,宫腔镜联合腹腔镜检查的阳性检出率高达91．7％,宫腔镜联合腹腔镜镜栓阳性发现率明显高于前二者（P〈0．05）。治疗前,双侧不通、一侧通畅和双侧输卵管通畅的患者分别为38．3％、48．3％和13．3％,经宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗后分别为11．7％、50．o％和38．3％,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。34例原发性不孕患者,术后13例妊娠,妊娠率38．2％;26例继发性不孕患者,术后15例妊娠,妊娠率57．7％;总妊娠率为46．7％,其中宫外孕2例。结论：宫腔镜联合腹腔镜检查可帮助明确女性不孕症患者明确原因及发病部位,并可针对病因进行治疗,提高女性不孕症的病因诊断准确率及治愈率。     

宫腔镜辅助下分段诊刮在子宫内膜癌检查中的应用评价

目的:评价宫腔镜辅助下分段诊刮在子宫内膜癌检查中的临床价值,探讨提高子宫内膜癌诊断准确性的检查方法。方法:选择经分段诊刮诊断为子宫内膜癌患者132例,59例患者分为对照组,术前采取单纯分段诊刮的方式;73例患者分为观察组,术前采取宫腔镜辅助下分段诊刮的方式。根据术后患者病理检查结果,比较两组患者术前诊断的准确性及术中腹腔冲洗液细胞阳性率。结果:观察组检查方式的准确性优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术中腹腔冲洗液细胞阳性病例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:宫腔镜辅助下分段诊刮的方式可提高子宫内膜癌检查的准确性,且不增加肿瘤细胞散播的风险。     

宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗输卵管性不孕的临床研究

目的:探讨宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗输卵管性不孕的临床效果,为临床治疗提供依据。方法:选择2011年1月~2013年1月因输卵管性不孕在我院妇产科就诊的患者共120例,依据手术方法平均分为A组(宫腔镜)、B组(腹腔镜)、C组(宫腔镜联合腹腔镜)和D组(开腹手术),对比各组患者手术情况(手术时间、术中出血量和住院天数)、术后输卵管再通率和术后妊娠率。结果:A、B、C、D组手术时间、术中出血量、及住院天数依次增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);C组患者术后输卵管再通率、妊娠率均显著高于A组、B组、D组(均P0.05)。结论:宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗输卵管性不孕,具有创伤小、术后恢复快、输卵管再通率、妊娠率高的优点,值得推广应用。     

宫腔镜联合腹腔镜与输卵管碘油造影治疗不孕不育症的临床疗效比较

目的:对比分析两种治疗方式(宫腔镜联合腹腔镜与输卵管碘油造影)治疗不孕不育症的临床疗效。方法:选择2015年1月~2016年12月在我院进行诊治的不孕不育症患者100例,所有患者均有排卵且月经规律,经输卵管相关检查被确诊为由于输卵管通而不畅或者输卵管阻塞而导致的不孕不育症,平均分为观察组和对照组,每组50例。对照组患者给予输卵管碘油造影治疗,观察组患者给予宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗。治疗后,比较两组患者疗效、手术时间、出血量、住院时间、术后异位妊娠、输卵管通畅率及宫内妊娠率。结果:治疗后,观察组的总有效率为98.00%(49/50),明显高于对照组的76.00%(38/50)(P0.05);观察组的手术时间以及住院时间分别为(36.15±12.37)min、(7.23±1.39)d,均明显短于对照组的(52.36±15.43)min、(9.97±1.62)d(P0.05);观察组的术后输卵管通畅率为94.00%(47/50),明显高于对照组的72.00%(36/50)(P0.05);观察组的异位妊娠率为6.00%(3/50),明显低于对照组的20.00%(10/50)(P0.05);观察组的宫内妊娠率为70.00%(35/50),明显高于对照组的28.00%(14/50)(P0.05)。结论:与输卵管碘油造影相比,采用宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗不孕不育症患者能明显提高宫内妊娠率以及输卵管通畅率,且安全性更高。     

胸腹腔镜联合食管癌切除术对食管癌患者肺功能、免疫功能的影响及颈部吻合口瘘的影响因素探讨

摘要 目的：探讨胸腹腔镜下进行食管癌切除术对患者肺功能、免疫功能的影响,并分析颈部吻合口瘘的影响因素。方法：选择2016年8月至2021年8月期间我院收治的130例食管癌患者,均成功实施胸腹腔镜联合食管癌切除术,观察手术前后肺功能、免疫功能的变化情况。观察130例患者术后颈部吻合口瘘发生率,采用多因素Logistic回归分析颈部吻合口瘘的影响因素。结果：术后7d,患者的第1s用力呼气量（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、呼气流量峰值（PEF）较术前下降（P<0.05）。术后当天、术后7天,患者的CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺ /CD8⁺较术前下降后升高,CD8⁺较术前升高后下降（P<0.05）。130例患者术后有28例发生颈部吻合口瘘,发生率为21.54%。均为术后3~18 d内确诊为颈部吻合口瘘,按照是否发生颈部吻合口瘘将患者分为有吻合口瘘组（n=28）和无吻合口瘘组（n=102）。颈部吻合口瘘的发生与术前白蛋白、体质量指数（BMI）、糖尿病史、病变位置、吻合方式、手术时间、术中出血总量、重症呼吸室（ICU）时间、呼吸机使用时间、纤支镜吸痰次数、术后出现肺部感染、住院时间有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logisitic回归分析结果显示：术前白蛋白偏低、病变位置位于上段、术后出现肺部感染、糖尿病史、吻合方式为手工吻合、住院时间偏长是食管癌患者术后发生颈部吻合口瘘的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：胸腹腔镜联合食管癌切除术治疗食管癌患者,可有效减轻免疫抑制,但不可避免的会影响机体的肺功能,且颈部吻合口瘘的发生受到术前白蛋白、病变位置、术后出现肺部感染等多方面的影响,应着重关注此类患者,以防吻合口瘘的发生。     

Laparoscopic repair of an umbilical hernia in a Western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) rescued in Sierra Leone

Laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair was performed in an adult female Western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) in a rescue centre in Sierra Leone. Biological mesh and laparoscopic spiral tacks via three 5 mm laparoscopy ports were used to close a 4 cm hernia. The chimpanzee recovered quickly and the hernia did not recur.     

Determination of sex and maturity stage of great sturgeon (Huso huso) using steroid sex hormones profiles,histology and laparoscopic images of gonads

We studied sex and maturity stage of great sturgeon with different reproductive stages using sex steroid hormones concentrations in blood plasma, gonad histology and laparoscopic technique. One hundred sixty farmed great sturgeons at ages between 1 and +12 years and weight ranged from 0.45 to 49.65 kg (80 males and 80 females, 20 fish of each maturity stage) were selected. Mean sex steroid levels showed that testosterone (T) and 11ketotestosterone (11KT) in plasma varied significantly by sex and maturity stage. But the mean concentrations of 17B‐estradiol (E2) varied significantly only between the maturity stages I and III. All fish were sex determined by laparoscopy and histology examinations confirmed it. Our results showed, however laparoscopy was effective method for sex determination at four maturity stages, but young fish at maturity stage I required gonadal histology examinations to confirm sex. The present study results showed that some steroid sex hormones (T and 11KT) can be used to determine sex and reproductive stage in great sturgeon, especially in later maturity stages. Although the laparoscopy may be stressful and cause small scars on the body of the fish, but it is a fast, effective, and cheap method for sex and maturity stage assessment (30 to 40 s for each fish), especially at later maturity stages. Histology of gonads is a very accurate, but it is an invasive method and not a suitable technique for commercial purposes. Histology is more suited for scientific studies than commercial application. The ability to use minimally invasive methods for sex determination will assist broodstock management and conservation in sturgeons.     

子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道与经宫腔镜治疗外生型剖宫产瘢痕妊娠临床疗效分析

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道与经宫腔镜治疗外生型剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(CSP)的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2013年10月至2015年5月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院收治的56例确诊为外生型CSP患者的临床资料,其中26例行子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道切除外生型瘢痕妊娠病灶(经阴道手术组),30例行子宫动脉栓塞术后经宫腔镜切除外生型瘢痕妊娠病灶(经宫腔镜手术组)。比较两组患者的手术成功率、术中出血量、术后住院时间、住院费用、血HCG下降至正常时间及不良反应的发生情况等。结果经阴道手术组26例患者手术全部成功成功率为100%。经宫腔镜手术组30例患者中22例手术成功,8例因术中子宫穿孔改行腹腔镜或经腹外生型瘢痕妊娠病灶切除及子宫修补成功率为73.3%显著低于经阴道手术组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。经阴道手术组患者的术中出血量[(20.58±6.1)mL]及住院费用((8833.04±491.5)元)明显低于经宫腔镜手术组[(69.03±7.8)mL](P0.001)、(14908.79±325.5)元(P0.001)。结论:子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道与经宫腔镜两种术式均能达到较理想的治疗效果;经阴道治疗外生型CSP可行性强于经宫腔镜手术更安全、有效,值得临床推广。