利用套叠PCR和高保真DNA聚合酶进行基因多位点突变的研究

利用套叠PCR和高保真DNA聚合酶对人工合成的牛口蹄疫病毒VPI基因(FMDV-VPI,Foot-Mouth Disease Vims-VPI)的5个突变位点进行修复,修复的成功率为100％。     

苜蓿假盘菌侵染苜蓿叶片的细胞学研究

采用微分干涉相差显微镜、扫描和透射电镜技术系统研究了苜蓿假盘菌Pseudopeziza medicaginis在苜蓿叶片的侵染过程及超微结构特征。结果表明,接种4h后,子囊孢子萌发产生芽管;12h后,芽管以直接侵入的方式进入表皮细胞形成侵染菌丝;24h后,表皮细胞中侵染菌丝向相邻表皮细胞扩展,同时侵入到叶肉细胞以胞内生长方式扩展;接种72h后,侵染菌丝在表皮细胞下的叶肉组织中形成初始菌落;第5d后,菌丝扩展至整个叶片组织,大量菌丝聚集形成子座组织,并进一步形成子囊盘与子囊。病菌菌丝在侵入寄主细胞初期,并不     

棉铃虫核多角体病毒p10基因的序列及转录分析

为了利用棉铃虫核多角体病毒（HaSNPV）p10基因的启动子构建重组病毒杀虫剂及表达系统,应用末端测序法和引物步移法测定了p10基因的序列,并应用Northern杂交和引物延伸实验对该基因进行了深入的转录特性分析,HaSNPV p10基因被定位于基因组DNA的115.4kb-115.6kb处,转录方向与多角体基因相反,在其上下游分别发现了p26和p74基因。转录分析结果确定了p10基因是个极晚期基因,其转录从杆状病毒晚期转录保守序列GTAAG的第二个A开始,转录产物大小约为430nt。HaSNPV p10基因最早可检测到的转录是在病毒感染后的20h,随后其转录产物量迅速放大,到感染后72h达到非常高的水平。围康时相分析同时还检测到一个大小为1300nt的产物,推测该产物为p26和p10通读的转录产物。对HaSNPV P10蛋白序列的分析表明,该蛋白第6－44位及第51－65位氨基酸序列处含多个典型的卷曲螺旋七聚体重复结构,两片段间相隔6个氨基酸残基,在该蛋白序列的第20－34位与第51－65位存在L－X（2）－L－X（10）－L的亮氨酸重复。Helical net分析表明,HaSNPV P10的疏水氨式酸分布为两个集簇区,两者互为180度转角。     

内生真菌感染对干旱胁迫下黑麦草生长的影响

 内生真菌是生活在健康植物的茎叶内,形成不明显感染的一类真菌。以黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）为实验材料,研究在不同强度的干旱胁迫下内生真菌（Neotyphodium lolii）侵染对其叶片延伸生长、分蘖数和生物量的影响。结果表明,与非感染种群相比,内生真菌感染对黑麦草叶片延伸速率无明显促进作用;内生真菌感染种群具有明显较多的分蘖数;在重度胁迫并经过恢复期后,内生真菌感染种群具有较高的根冠比。因而内生真菌可能通过提高植物的分蘖能力和促进有机物向根系的分配来促进宿主植物的营养生长并提高其抗旱性     

植物根系和叶片生长对水分亏缺的原初反应

细胞扩张生长是植物受水分亏缺影响最敏感的生理过程之一。主要在对细胞水分导性、细胞壁特性和延伸组织中溶质传输结果分析的基础上 ,从细胞、组织和器官水平上对细胞扩展生长进行了探讨。根系和叶片细胞主要通过以下 2个过程来补偿水分胁迫的作用 :调节扩展生长需要的细胞临界膨压 ;溶质在延伸组织中的运移。此外 ,还探讨了植物根系和叶片生长对水分亏缺的生理适应机制     

Distinct classes of lagging chromosome underpin age-related oocyte aneuploidy in mouse

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Effect of genetic and environmental factors on protein biomarkers for common non-communicable disease and use of personally normalized plasma protein profiles (PNPPP)

Abstract

Objective: To study the impact of genetic and lifestyle factors on protein biomarkers and develop personally normalized plasma protein profiles (PNPPP) controlling for non-disease-related variance.

Materials and methods: Proximity extension assays were used to measure 145 proteins in 632 controls and 344 cases with non-communicable diseases.

Results: Genetic and lifestyle factors explained 20–88% of the variation in healthy controls. Adjusting for these factors reduced the number of candidate biomarkers by 63%.

Conclusion: PNPPP efficiently controls for non-disease-related variance, allowing both for efficient discovery of novel biomarkers and for covariate-independent linear cut-offs suitable for clinical use.     

The effects of soluble-Al on root growth and radicle elongation

Summary In order to determine the effects of concentration on plant growth, aluminium (Al) was extracted (10^–3 M CaCl₂) from 4 acid brown hill soils which had been treated with superphosphate at rates equivalent to 0 to 300 kg P ha^–1. The soils ranged in pH (CaCl₂) from 3.5 to 4.9, and Al concentration from 0 to 0.6 mM. The effects of Al on ryegrass growth in the 4 soils in a glasshouse was compared with its effect on radicle elongation of seeds germinated in contact with CaCl₂ extracts from the same soils.Ryegrass root growth in the glasshouse, and radicle elongation in the bioassay test were both unaffected by Al concentrations below 0.1 mM. Root growth was substantially reduced when Al concentration exceeded 0.1 mM and above 0.2 mM growth was almost completely inhibited. Radicle elongation rate was also reduced when the concentration of Al was greater than 0.2 mM agreeing well with the observation from the pot experiment.It is concluded that because of its speed and convenience the bioassay method offers a useful method of establishing critical levels of Al for crop plants.