支气管哮喘豚鼠肺组织中KLF2的表达及意义

目的：探讨锌指Krüppel样转录因2（KLF2）在豚鼠支气管哮喘肺组织中的表达及意义。方法：30只健康雄性豚鼠,按随机数字表法分为对照组（A组）、哮喘组（B组）及地塞米松治疗组（C组）,每组10只。卵清蛋白致敏法复制哮喘模型。观察豚鼠肺组织病理学改变,BALF细胞总数及分类计数;采用原位杂交和RT-PCR检测肺组织中KLF2的mRNA表达情况,免疫组化和Westernblot检测肺组织中KLF2的蛋白表达水平。结果：（1）哮喘组豚鼠BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞百分比（EOS%）、中性粒细胞百分比（NEU%）显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,哮喘组肺组织可见大量炎症细胞浸润,及明显气道重塑改变,而地塞米松治疗组BALF炎细胞浸润及肺组织病理改变较哮喘组明显减轻;（2）KLF2mRNA和蛋白在哮喘组表达显著低于对照组,在地塞米松治疗组中的表达明显高于哮喘组,3组差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）;（3）KLF2蛋白以及mRNA与肺泡灌洗液炎细胞总数及EOS%,NEU%呈负相关。结论：KLF2在支气管哮喘急性发作期模型中表达明显下降,而地塞米松治疗后KLF2的表达上调,提示KLF2可能在支气管哮喘的发病机制与防治中起重要作用。     

中红侧沟茧蜂寄主——二龄棉铃虫幼虫血淋巴成分的初步分析

对二龄棉铃虫Ｈｅｌｉｏｔｈｉｓａｒｍｉｇｅｒａ（Ｈüｂｎｅｒ）幼虫血淋巴的二种样品（去血细胞和未去血细胞）中的干物重、含水量、灰分、蛋白质、总糖、还原糖、总脂、胆固醇、维生素Ｃ的含量,分别进行了定量分析,对未去血细胞的血淋巴进行了氨基酸测定;同时,对蛋白质组份、脂类组份也进行了定性分析     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠转录因子KLF2对Nrf2调控γ-GCS表达的影响

目的:研究肺Krüppel样转录因子(KLF2/LKLF)在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠肺组织中的表达,探讨KLF2与红系衍生因子2(Nrf2)之间的关系以及对抗氧化酶γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合酶(γ-GCS)表达的影响。方法:复制大鼠COPD模型,应用免疫组化、Western blot、原位杂交和RT-PCR方法检测KLF2、Nrf2、γ-GCS蛋白及mRNA的表达,并行相关分析。同时利用免疫共沉淀技术(CO-IP)研究KLF2与Nrf2蛋白之间的相互关系。结果:免疫组化及Western blot结果显示COPD组KLF2、Nrf2、γ-GCS蛋白水平较对照组明显升高(P<0.05);原位杂交及RT-PCR显示KLF2、γ-GCS mRNA水平在COPD组显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而Nrf2 mRNA在两组表达无明显差异(P>0.05);CO-IP结果显示在Nrf2抗体捕获的免疫沉淀中,KLF2抗体可杂交出明显的蛋白条带(P<0.01);直线相关分析发现KLF2蛋白与Nrf2蛋白呈正相关(P<0.05),KLF2、Nrf2蛋白与γ-GCS蛋白及mRNA均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论:KLF2在COPD肺组织中表达上调,可能通过活化Nrf2,促进Nrf2核积聚上调γ-GCS的基因表达,在氧化失衡中发挥作用。     

Biomass allocation and leaf stoichiometric characteristics in four desert herbaceous plants during different growth periods in the Gurbantünggüt Desert,China

荒漠草本植物是荒漠生态系统物种多样性的主体, 对其生物量分配及叶片化学计量特征随植物生长的变化规律的研究有助于深入了解荒漠草本植物生存策略和功能特征。该文选择古尔班通古特沙漠4种优势草本(2种短命植物, 2种一年生长营养期植物)为研究对象, 通过野外原位多时段取样, 对比研究了四者生物量分配、叶片N-P化学计量学随植物生长的变化特征, 以及二者之间的关系。结果表明, 在生物量累积过程中, 4种植物根冠比逐渐减小, 地上与地下生物量间的相关生长关系也发生变化, 其中琉苞菊(Hyalea pulchella)和角果藜(Ceratocarpus arenarius)的相关生长指数先增加后减小, 并趋于稳定, 而尖喙牻牛儿苗(Erodium oxyrrhynchum)和沙蓬(Agriophyllum squarrosum)的相关生长指数由小到大并趋于等速生长。琉苞菊叶片N、P含量呈逐渐增长趋势, 而另外3种植物呈下降趋势, 表明所研究的荒漠植物在生长过程中, 叶片N-P化学计量发生改变, 叶片化学计量特征与生物量指标的相关性较弱。     

棉田玉米螟的田间发生为害观察

灯下所诱玉米螟Ostriniafurnacalis（Güenée）雌蛾,二、三代分别为76．05％及59．91％,蛾峰后4～5天出现卵峰。主茎叶及棉株下部的卵量随产卵时间的推移,逐渐递减,而趋向棉株上部及外围。二代卵以下部2～3层为多,三代卵以2～4层果枝为多,内围多于外围;93％以上的卵产于绿叶反面;棉田卵寄生的高低与施药有关,且明显低于玉米田;二代5～10层蛀茎占总数的84．44％,三代4～8层蛀铃占59．79％。卵密度不同,蛀铃分布也不同。     

A NEW SEA SPIDER (ARTHROPODA: PYCNOGONIDA) WITH A FLAGELLIFORM TELSON FROM THE LOWER DEVONIAN HUNSRÜCK SLATE, GERMANY

Abstract:  A new Lower Devonian sea spider (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) from the Hunsrück Slate, Germany, is described as Flagellopantopus blocki gen. et sp. nov. This is only the sixth fossil pycnogonid species to be described. Its most remarkable and unique aspect is the long, flagelliform telson. Although our fossil apparently lacks chelifores (an apomorphy), the retained telson and the segmented trunk end behind the last pair of legs resolve F. blocki to a fairly basal position in the pycnogonid stem lineage. It probably lies between Palaeoisopus problematicus Broili, which has a lanceolate telson and the most trunk segments of any sea spider, and all other Silurian–Recent Pycnogonida. Our new material shows that at least two fossil pycnogonids retained a telson, albeit with very different morphologies, and further supports the idea that a greater diversity of body plans existed among the Palaeozoic pycnogonid taxa.     

溴氰菊酯亚致死浓度对烟草粉螟生物学特性的影响

为探讨溴氰菊酯对烟草粉螟的亚致死效应,本文采用烟叶浸渍法以溴氰菊酯亚致死浓度(LC 10和LC 25)胁迫烟草粉螟3龄幼虫,并通过年龄-龄期两性生命表的方法探究溴氰菊酯胁迫对烟草粉螟发育和繁殖的影响。结果显示:与对照相比,溴氰菊酯LC 10、LC 25处理F 0代的平均单雌产卵量显著下降;LC 25处理F 0代的产卵前期及总产卵前期明显长于对照;LC 25处理与LC 10处理和对照间,F 0代雌、雄虫寿命均差异显著;LC 10处理和LC 25处理F 1代与对照存活率明显下降,F 1代各处理间的卵、1龄幼虫、3龄幼虫、5龄幼虫、7龄幼虫和蛹的发育历期无显著差异;但LC 25处理组2龄、4龄、6龄幼虫历期比对照延长了且差异显著;LC 25处理组的成虫前期比对照组延长了且差异显著。同时LC 25处理的雌、雄虫寿命最短,但3个处理间差异不显著。研究表明,亚致死浓度的溴氰菊酯能够抑制烟草粉螟的生长发育和繁殖,以上研究结果可为田间用药控制烟草粉螟提供理论参考。     

Significant associations of the rs2943634 (2q36.3) genetic polymorphism with adiponectin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and ischemic stroke

Background

rs2943634 C/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), located in a non coding region of chromosome 2q36.3, has been associated with coronary artery disease in two genome wide association studies. Our goal was to investigate its relation with myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS), as well as with 12 intermediate risk phenotypes, in a population-based prospective cohort study.

Methods

rs2943634 was genotyped in a case-cohort study including a random sample of 1891 individuals (subcohort) and all incident MI (n = 211) and IS (n = 144) cases during a mean follow-up of 8.2 ± 2.2 years, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort comprising 27,548 middle-aged men and women.

Results

rs2943634 minor allele (A) was associated in an additive fashion with lower risk of IS but not with MI [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50-0.87; P = 0.003; HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.82-1.28; P = 0.83 respectively, for the age and sex adjusted model]. Furthermore, it was related to slightly higher levels of plasma adiponectin [CC 6.94, CA 7.27, AA 7.86 μg/ml, P = 0.0002] and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (CC 52.08, CA 53.05 and AA 55.27 mg/dl, P = 0.002), based on additive models. Adjustment for adiponectin and HDL-cholesterol did not attenuate the association between the SNP and IS risk. In contrast, adjustment for adiponectin abolished the association between the SNP and HDL-cholesterol and adjustment for HDL-cholesterol attenuated the association between the SNP and adiponectin.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that rs2943634 is associated with IS risk and with plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin in this German population. Further investigations are needed to confirm these results and to clarify the mechanisms underlying the association.     

Wiesen und Wälder im südlichen Hunsrück

Excursion: montane meadows and forests in the southern Hunsrück Several ridges of the hard Taunus quartzite run parallel southwest‐northeast through the southern part of the Hunsrück. These ridges are densely wooded. The history of the forests is closely connected with iron ore smelting in this region from the Celtic era to the 19^th century. Poor montane meadows have developed from extensive use over the centuries. They show a remarkable richness in species, but they are endangered by abandonment or intensifying use. The Nardus grasslands have special significance in this context. Arnica montana, Narcissus pseudonarcissus and Meum athamanticum are among the botanical highlights. Many rare and, in some cases, severely threatened butterfly species can be found in high numbers of individuals in these habitats.