鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒gB基因的克隆及其在耻垢分枝杆菌中的表达

以ILTV基因组为模板 ,利用PCR特异扩增出gB基因 ,定向克隆到中间质粒载体pY_α ,构建了中间质粒pY_α_gB。然后以中间质粒pY_α_gB为模板 ,扩增出含有人结核分枝杆菌启动子hsp70基因和堪萨斯分枝杆菌α信号肽基因的hsp_α_gB片段 ,回收补平后与穿梭表达载体pRR3平端连接 ,从而构建大肠杆菌_分枝杆菌穿梭表达质粒pR_α_gB。再将其电转化至耻垢分枝杆菌M .smegmatismc2 15 5 ,ELISA检测表明重组菌株M .smegmatismc2 15 5 (pR_α_gB)的表达产物具有很好的反应原性。Westernblot检测说明gB基因在分枝杆菌中获得了表达并具有良好的免疫原性。鸡胚中和试验结果表明该重组菌株可以中和 1个剂量EID50 的ILTV强毒 ,能够保护SPF鸡胚抵抗强毒攻击     

利用双启动子表达载体pDH2-YggG-Ptac-Era研究E. coli Era和YggG 蛋白间的相互关系

yggG是从大肠杆菌全基因组文库中钓取并克隆的Era结合蛋白基因,研究表明该基因表达的YggG294(amino acids 1-294)蛋白对宿主菌的生长具有强烈的抑制作用。为了阐明YggG与Era间的相互关系,构建可同时可控性表达Era和YggG294蛋白的双启动子表达载体。利用所构建的双启动子表达载体在同一细胞中同时可控性地表达YggG294与Era蛋白。结果显示,在不表达和少量表达YggG294的细菌细胞内,Era 的表达量与总蛋白量的比值随着诱导时间增加而增高,而YggG294大量表达的细菌内Era 的表达量与总蛋白量的比值基本保持不变;Era 蛋白的预表达对YggG294表达所引起的细菌生长率下降无影响。由此可以推论,YggG294的过表达引起宿主菌生长抑制进而影响了Era蛋白的进一步表达,而YggG294的过表达引起宿主菌生长抑制与YggG和Era蛋白间的相互作用无关     

浓核病毒分子生物学特性研究进展

浓核病毒是只感染无脊椎动物的细小病毒.该病毒颗粒直径为19～24 nm,无囊膜包裹,呈二十面体对称.病毒基因组为4～6 kb的单链线性DNA,基因组末端是与DNA复制相关的反向重复序列.浓核病毒的基因组包含编码非结构蛋白和衣壳蛋白的基因.对近年来关于浓核病毒分子生物学方面的研究取得的新进展进行了综述,介绍了浓核病毒基因组结构的分类和单双义浓核病毒的表达策略,以及浓核病毒在作为表达载体和生物防治方面的潜在应用能力.     

Gassericin T基因的合成及其组成型表达载体的构建

目的:构建Gassericin T基因毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)组成型表达载体。方法:根据乳酸菌素Gassericin T的基因序列,把Gassericin T的结构基因gatA编码的氨基酸的密码子转换成P.pastoris偏爱的形式,设计了6条59nt的寡聚核苷酸引物,通过3次连续PCR反应,获得了250bp左右的gat A片段(简称gat基因)。应用PCR方法从P.pastoris染色体中扩增了GAP启动子,大小为500bp左右,以其取代诱导型表达载体pPIC9K上的pAOX1,构建了组成型表达载体pGAP9K。将合成的gat基因克隆到pGAP9K质粒的多克隆位点中。结果:获得的gat及gap基因与预期结果一致,序列无碱基突变,构建的表达载体pGAP9K-gat经PCR、酶切鉴定完全正确。结论:成功构建了Gassericin T基因P.pastoris组成型表达载体,为下一步高效表达Gassericin T蛋白,进一步研究其作用机理及应用价值打下基础。     

利用人U6 snRNA启动子构建RNA干扰质粒载体

RNA干扰技术已经成为基因功能研究等领域的有力工具,构建带有筛选标记的siRNA载体可以在细胞中持续抑制靶基因的表达.为了利用RNAi技术开展生物学研究,在克隆载体pUC19的基础上改造构建了人类细胞小干扰RNA（small interference RNA,siRNA）表达质粒pUC19NU.该质粒具有新霉素抗性标记和真核细胞复制起点,利用连入的人U6 snRNA启动子起始siRNA的转录.以EGFP 和p53为靶基因的干扰实验证明,所构建的siRNA表达质粒可以显著抑制细胞外源性增强绿色荧光蛋白（enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP）及细胞内源性p53蛋白的表达,而且抑制效果具有特异性.     

GFAP启动子调控的双顺反子真核表达载体pGFAP-IRES2-EGFP-p27的构建及表达分析

目的构建并鉴定带GFAP启动子的Flag-p27和EGFP双顺反子真核表达载体,观察其表达。方法利用IRES和GFAP启动子,通过质粒抽提、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、酶切、连接、转化等多种基因工程技术,经多步亚克隆后完成能同时表达p27和EGFP基因的星形胶质细胞特异性真核表达载体pGFAP-IRES2-EGFP-p27。转染体外培养的星形胶质细胞,观察EGFP的表达,并通过免疫荧光细胞化学技术观察p27的表达。结果经酶切鉴定和测序鉴定,成功构建真核表达载体pGFAP-IRES2-EGFP-p27。转染星形胶质细胞后可见EGFP的表达,并且在EGFP阳性的细胞中P27表达水平明显增高。结论GFAP启动子能启动目的基因p27和EGFP在星形胶质细胞的表达,连于Flag-p27的下游EGFP可作为报告基因,指示p27的表达情况。带启动子GFAP的Flag-p27和EGFP双顺反子真核表达载体的构建为进一步研究星形胶质细胞增生与神经系统疾病的关系,并为寻找神经系统疾病的有效基因治疗途径奠定基础。     

Selective gene therapy for human lung adenocarcinoma by tumor-specific expression of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene

According to the fact that CEA gene expressed only in lung adenocarcinoma but not in normal lung cells, a retroviral expression vector (pCEATK) of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene regulated by CEA promoter was constructed and introduced into CEA-producing human lung adenocarcinoma cells GL and non-CEA-producing HeLa cells. The expression of pCEATK and Ganciclovir (GCV) sensitivity of the transfected cells were tested in vitro and in vivo . pCEATK expressed only in CEA-producing GL cells but not in non-CEA-producing HeLa cells. The sensitivity to GCV of pCEATK-transfected GL was 992 times higher compared with that of the parental cell line and there was obvious "bystander effect" in vitro. HeLa cells transfected wtih pCEATK were still resistant to GCV. Injection of GCV resulted in significant regression of pCEATK-transfected GL tumors in nude mice. In addition, all mice with any fraction of GL cells expressing HSV-TK exhibited a significant reduction in tumor growth, including mice     

Recent advances in the study of long-distance dispersal of aquatic invertebrates via birds

Although Darwin pioneered the study of long‐distance dispersal (LDD) of aquatic invertebrates via waterbirds, it remains in its infancy as a modern discipline. A handful of recent studies have quantified internal or external transport in the field, confirming that a variety of long‐distance migrants carry invertebrates both internally and externally. These studies show that variation in the morphology of vectors influences the frequency and size of propagules transported, and suggest that more invertebrate groups disperse via birds than was previously thought. Dispersal limitation has mainly been investigated for zooplankton in small experimental systems from which waterbirds were effectively excluded, and the extent of such limitation for invertebrate populations in wetlands interconnected by waterbird movements remains unclear. We expect that the spatial and temporal scales at which dispersal limitation constrains geographical ranges, species richness and genetic structure of invertebrates depends partly on the density of migratory birds using the area. Birds may have a major role in the expansion of exotic species. We propose several avenues for future research. There is a particular need for more quantitative studies of LDD by birds that will enable modellers to assess its role in maintaining invertebrate biodiversity among increasingly fragmented wetlands and in the face of climate change, as well as in the spread of invasive species.     

辅助病毒依赖型腺病毒载体转基因的体外表达效率

构建可表达增强型绿色荧光蛋白 (Enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP) 的辅助病毒依赖型腺病毒载体 (Helper-dependent adenoviral vector,HDAd),并完成大量制备、纯化和体外表达鉴定。荧光显微镜证实HDAd/EGFP可表达,电镜下观察到经CsCl纯化后的腺病毒的典型形态。分光光度计法测定病毒的浓度为4.0×1012 颗粒数 (Virus particle,vp) /mL。与可表达EGFP的第一代腺病毒载体 (First generation adenoviral vector,FGAd) FGAd/EGFP进行了体外感染和转基因表达效率的比较研究,分别用约2 000 vp/细胞的HDAd/EGFP和FGAd/EGFP感染A549细胞,流式细胞仪检测EGFP的表达情况。通过相同时间点流式细胞仪分析EGFP的表达情况,可见HDAd/EGFP感染早期的A549细胞较FGAd/EGFP有更高的荧光表达率及更高的表达强度,显示HDAd载体具有转基因瞬时高表达的特性,是一种更有价值的疫苗载体。     

中国遗传学会会讯

中国遗传学会常务理事会扩大会于1981年12月 6日在京召开。会议讨论了“中国遗传学会第二届代 表大会暨学术讨论会”的具体事项。