伊曲康唑治疗肝衰竭合并侵袭性肺部真菌感染患者的疗效和安全性分析

目的 评价伊曲康唑治疗肝衰竭合并侵袭性肺部真菌感染患者的疗效和安全性.方法 回顾性分析伊曲康唑治疗肝衰竭合并侵袭性肺部真菌感染患者的有效性和安全性.治疗方法:静脉注射伊曲康唑0.2g静脉滴注q12h 1天或者2天后改为伊曲康唑0.2g静脉滴注qd,疗程2～4周.结果 共有16例患者符合入选标准和排除标准纳入本研究,男女比例为3∶1.其中4例由白色念珠菌感染所造成,4例为热带念珠菌感染,8例为曲霉感染.临床结果:4例肝衰竭合并白色念珠菌感染患者,其中3例治愈出院,1例死于肝衰竭.4例肝衰竭合并热带假丝酵母感染患者,其中2例治愈出院,1例死于肺部感染,1例死于肝衰竭.8例肝衰竭合并肺曲菌病感染患者中,5例感染控制,其中2例治愈出院,2例接受肝移植,1例死于肝衰竭.3例肺部感染加重,死于呼吸衰竭.结论 伊曲康唑治疗肝衰竭合并侵袭性肺部真菌感染安全有效,可以作为治疗肝衰竭合并侵袭性肺部真菌感染患者的选择.     

Doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil resistant hepatic cancer cells demonstrate stem-like properties

The efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment is very low because of the high percentage of recurrence and resistance to anticancer agents. Hepatic cancer stem cells (HCSCs) are considered the origin of such recurrence and resistance. Our aim was to evaluate the stemness of doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil resistant hepatic cancer cells and establish the new method to isolate the HCSCs from primary cultured HCC tumors. HCC biopsies were used to establish primary cultures. Then, primary cells were selected for HCSCs by culture in medium supplemented with doxorubicin (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 or 1 μg/mL), 5-fluorouracil (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 or 1 μg/mL) or their combination. Selection was confirmed by detection of HCSC markers such as CD133, CD13, CD90, and the side population was identified by rhodamine 123 efflux. The cell population with the strongest expression of these markers was used to evaluate the cell cycle, gene expression profile, tumor sphere formation, marker protein expression, and in vivo tumorigenesis. Selective culture of primary cells in medium supplemented with 0.5 μg/mL doxorubicin and 1 μg/mL 5-fluorouracil selected cancer cells with the highest stemness properties. Selected cells strongly expressed CD13, CD133, CD90, and CD326, efflux rhodamine 123 and formed tumor spheres in suspension. Moreover, selected cells were induced to differentiate into cells with high expression of CD19 and AFP (alpha-fetoprotein), and importantly, could form tumors in NOD/SCID mice upon injection of 1 × 10⁵ cells/mouse. Selective culture with doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil will enrich HCSCs, is an easy method to obtain HCSCs that can be used to develop better therapeutic strategies for patients with HCC, and particularly HCSC-targeting therapy.     

Volatile substances from adult extracts induce larval settlement of the barnacle balanus amphitrite *

The volatile substance extracted from conspecific adults induces larval settlement of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. The settlement inducing activity of the volatile fractions was checked monthly from June, 1997 to December, 1998. Both water soluble extracts and volatile fractions from the barnacle were prepared by the steam distillation. The active cue in the volatile fraction was always extracted with n‐pentane under acidic conditions, although settlement inducing activity varied with the sample. GC‐MS analysis of the active and inactive pentane fractions revealed 1, 2, 3‐trimethyl‐benzene as the settlement inducing substance. Commercially available 1, 2, 3‐trimethylbenzene also showed high settlement inducing activity at a concentration of 0.8 × 10^‐12 M (100 pg 1^‐1). This substance was detected at concentrations of more than 7 ng g^‐1 of wet barnacle (equivalent to 0.6 × 10^‐12M, equal to 70pg1^‐1) by GC analysis. These results indicate that 1,2,3‐trimethylbenzene in the volatile fractions acts as a chemical cue for larval settlement. Monthly variation in the settlement inducing activity was observed, which synchronized with the breeding season of the barnacle. This observation suggests that the barnacle produced the chemical cue in the gonad during maturation or accumulated it from the environment.     

Biochemical and Biological Studies on Dopastin,an Inhibitor of Dopamine β-Hydroxylase

Dopastin produced by a pseudomonas is a potent inhibitor of dopamine β-hydroxylase. Kinetic studies with the purified enzyme indicated that inhibition by dopastin was of the uncompetitive type to the substrate and of the competitive to the cofactor, ascorbic acid. The nitrosohydroxylamino group of dopastin was found to be essential in inhibition of dopamine β-hydroxylase. Both racemic and natural dopastins showed the same activity. Dopastin showed significant hypotensive effect to spontaneously hypertensive rats and phytotoxicity to barley germination.     

Chemical Studies on Heated Starch/Glycine Model Systems

Sixty-three compounds were isolated and identified from heated starch and from heated starch with glycine. Starch or starch with glycine was heated in an Erlenmeyer flask at 290°C under a nitrogen stream. The volatiles formed during heating were entrained on a porous polymer (Porapack Q). Residual charred materials in the flasks were extracted with methylene chloride. The oily dark brown materials recovered from both the Porapack Q traps and the methylene chloride extracts were subjected to gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The compounds identified include 3 hydrocarbons, 11 ketones, 3 aldehydes, 24 aromatic compounds, 10 furans and 12 nitrogen-containing compounds. Formation mechanisms of some major products are proposed.     

云南泡梨中乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其应用

【背景】泡梨是云南省常见的一种腌渍水果,在云南加工食用已经有一百多年的历史,因其味道酸甜可口、风味独特而深受人们喜爱,而目前对泡梨中微生物种群的系统分析和发酵原理的研究尚未见报道。【目的】研究乳酸菌在云南泡梨中的分布及应用,阐明乳酸菌种类对泡梨发酵中风味物质的影响。【方法】从云南省4个不同地区采集12份泡梨样品,经菌落菌体形态、生理生化特性和16SrRNA基因序列分析进行菌种分离与鉴定。利用分离的乳酸菌为菌种进行泡梨的制备,采用GC-MS技术对人工接种的复合乳酸菌发酵与自然发酵泡梨进行风味物质的分析与感官评价。【结果】分离鉴定出79株植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、 3株类植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paraplantarum)、1株戊糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus pentosus)、1株干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)、2株副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)和1株短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis),植物乳杆菌为泡梨发酵中的优势菌。将分离所得乳酸菌用于泡梨制备的结果表明,乳酸菌使泡梨的发酵时间缩短5d且品质更优,分析其中的风味物质发现接种乳酸菌发酵泡梨风味物质更丰富,其中酯类和醇类远多于自然发酵泡梨。【结论】云南泡梨中含有丰富的乳酸菌,选用分离出的优势乳酸菌作为复合乳酸菌用于泡梨发酵获得色泽、口感更好的泡梨,且发酵周期更短,风味物质更丰富。该研究对泡梨制备工艺和进一步标准化生产均具有重要意义。     

超声造影对原发性肝癌数字减影血管造影引导下肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗的疗效评估价值

目的:探讨超声造影评估原发性肝癌(HCC)数字减影血管造影(DSA)引导下肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗疗效的价值。方法:选择2016年10月至2018年10月我院收治的77例HCC患者,均在DSA引导下行TACE治疗,治疗前后采用超声造影评价疗效。结果:77例HCC患者均顺利完成TACE治疗,治疗后始增强度、增强速率降低(P0.05),始增时间、达峰时间、峰值加速时间增加(P0.05)。治疗后完全缓解(CR)+部分缓解(PR)为有效共46例(有效组),稳定(SD)+进展(PD)为无效共31例(无效组),有效组治疗后始增强度、增强速率低于无效组(P0.05),始增时间、达峰时间、峰值加速时间多于无效组(P0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析结果显示,始增时间、达峰时间、峰值加速时间、始增强度、增强速率预测HCC患者DSA引导下TACE治疗疗效的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.658、0.717、0.64、0.668、0.713。结论:超声造影定量参数在HCC患者DSA引导下TACE治疗前后有着较为明显的变化,其超声参数达峰时间、增强速率对DSA引导下TACE治疗疗效的预测效能较好。     

Sludge and lignin as growth media for the production of antimicrobial substances by selected microorganisms

Abstract

The ability of sludge, lignin and humic acid to support the growth and production of antimicrobial substances by 19 microorganism strains was tested. Organisms from seven genera: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Beauveria, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma and Trichosporon grew on the tested media. On these media, they were also examined for the production of anti-phytopathogenic activity against Fusarium oxysporum P1 BIM, Botrytis cinerea B1 BIM and Pseudomonas syringae. pv. glicinea B-280 BIM. Strains Pseudomonas aurantiaca S-1, Bacillus sp. 19 and Streptomyces sp. 11 synthesize antimicrobial metabolites on the different media. Protease, cellulase, α-amylase, xylanase and peroxidase were also produced by the same microorganisms, which can explain their ability to grow on sludge, and laccase was produced only by P. aurantiaca S-1. HPLC analysis of the lignin culture media before and after P. aurantiaca S-1 growth has shown that the major lignin peak in the culture broth disappeared.