NaCl胁迫对超大甜椒种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以超大甜椒种子和幼苗为材料,采用水培法研究低、中、高浓度(50、150、250 mmol·L-1)NaCl胁迫对其种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.结果显示:(1)低浓度NaCl处理促进种子萌发,而中、高浓度NaCl处理抑制种子萌发;NaCl处理第18天时,高浓度NaCl处理植株全部死亡,其余各处理植株苗高、叶面积、地上部鲜重和干重均随处理浓度升高而下降,但低浓度NaCl能刺激超大甜椒的根系生长.(2)低、中浓度NaCl处理时,植株叶绿素含量未受到大的影响,类胡萝卜素含量却随胁迫时间延长微量升高;在盐胁迫7 d的周期内,低、中浓度NaCl处理植株MDA含量、SOD活性和可溶性糖含量均随浓度升高及时间延长显著增加,脯氨酸含量在低浓度下变化不明显而中浓度下显著升高;在高浓度NaCl处理3 d中,MDA含量急剧升高,SOD活性先升高后下降,脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量显著增加.研究发现,NaCl胁迫浓度越高对超大甜椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的抑制效应越明显;低中浓度NaCl处理幼苗能通过自身的抗氧化酶清除系统和渗透调节物质来抵抗胁迫引起伤害,类胡萝卜素可能也有一定的抗胁迫作用,而高浓度NaCl处理增加了膜脂过氧化程度,严重影响了活性氧和渗透调节物质的正常代谢.     

松林中焦艺夜蛾幼虫的空间格局

应用聚集度指标和回归分析等方法,测定了焦艺夜蛾幼虫的空间格局。结果表明,焦艺夜蛾幼虫在马尾松林内呈聚集型分布,分布的基本成分为个体群,个体之间相互吸引;用马占山重新解释的Taylor幂法则分析表明,焦艺夜蛾幼虫的空间格局归属于“聚集度逆密度制约型”。     

钙对萝卜幼苗抗寒性及某些生理指标的影响

研究结果表明钙能够提高萝卜幼苗的抗寒性, 同时与抗寒性有关某些生理指标也受到影响。在低温胁迫后及恢复生长后处理组的萝卜幼苗的超氧物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶的活性都比对照组高;在低温胁迫后处理组的脯氨酸及抗坏血酸的含量均比对照组高, 但处理组萝卜幼苗的丙二醛含量却比对照组低。表明钙对萝卜幼苗抗寒性的影响可能与其防止膜脂过氧化有关。     

肺力咳胶囊联合布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者血气分析指标和MMP-9/TIMP-1失衡的影响

摘要 目的：探讨肺力咳胶囊联合布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）患者血气分析指标和基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）/金属蛋白酶抑制物-1（TIMP-1）失衡的影响。方法：选取皖南医学院附属铜陵市人民医院2019年4月~2022年7月期间收治的AECOPD患者81例。按照随机数字表法,将患者分为对照组（40例,接受布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂治疗）和研究组（41例,接受肺力咳胶囊联合布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂治疗）。对比两组临床症状改善情况、肺功能指标、MMP-9/TIMP-1相关指标、血气分析指标,观察两组不良反应发生率。结果：研究组的临床症状缓解时间均短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗14 d后,两组第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、FEV₁/FVC升高,且研究组较对照组更高（P<0.05）。治疗14 d后,两组血氧饱和度（SpO₂）、血氧分压（PO₂）升高,血二氧化碳分压（PCO₂）下降,且研究组变化较对照组幅度更大（P<0.05）。治疗14 d后,两组血清MMP-9、TIMP-1水平及MMP-9/TIMP-1均下降,且研究组较对照组更低（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂联合肺力咳胶囊治疗对AECOPD患者,有助于临床症状的缓解,改善肺功能和血气分析指标,调节MMP-9/TIMP-1失衡。     

低温胁迫对以野生黄瓜(棘瓜)为砧木的黄瓜嫁接苗生理生化指标的影响

在5℃低温胁迫条件下,对以野生黄瓜——棘瓜(Sicyos angulatus L．)和以黑籽南瓜为砧木的黄瓜嫁接苗以及自根苗的抗冷性生理生化指标的变化规律作了研究。结果表明,以棘瓜为砧木的黄瓜嫁接苗叶片的SOD、POD、CAT活性以及Pro、可溶性糖含量均高于后两者,MDA含量低于后两者。说明利用棘瓜嫁接的黄瓜苗可以忍受更长时间或更大强度的低温。     

杨树上云斑天牛种群的空间格局及抽样技术

云斑天牛Batocera horsfieldi是我国南方杨树的重要蛀干害虫, 研究云斑天牛种群的空间格局和抽样技术, 可为该虫的危害调查与防治提供理论依据。应用Taylor的幂法则、Iwao m*-m回归分析法及6个聚集指标, 对云斑天牛种群的卵、幼虫、蛹或成虫的空间分布型和抽样技术进行了研究, 并做了影响因素分析。结果表明: 云斑天牛的卵、幼虫、蛹或成虫在杨树上均呈聚集分布, 分布的基本成分是个体群, 其聚集性随密度的增加而增大。运用Iwao m*-m回归中的两个参数α和β值, 计算出了在不同精度下以刻槽、排粪孔和羽化孔为防治指标时的理论抽样数据表及序贯抽样数据表,生产中可查阅使用。     

基于计算机模拟的介入器械放置及设计研究

心血管介入器械的使用越来越广泛，综合考虑血流、器械和血管的作用情况，研究器械的放置和设计问题，有助于减少器械诱发的并发症，提高其使用的效果。采用计算机建模，有限体积法生成网格，通过计算流场来分析器械使用前后流场改变的方法，说明了介入器械的结构和使用方式对血管有不同方面及程度的影响。对于研究其他的一些和血管接触的器械也有一定的参考价值。     

Selection strategies and artificial evolution

Summary Artificial selection results in biolgical changes, creating artificial evolution. When using selection indexes, the artificial evolution depends on the relative economic (or other) weight of traits in the breeding objective, and on the phenotypic and genetic variances and covariances among these traits and the traits recorded in the selection index. As shown here, the selection strategy (in this case, individual selection versus progeny test selection) can also have marked effects on the kind of artificial evolution produced. Thus, where economic weights are uncertain, choice between alternative selection strategies might take into account the different types of animal or plant resulting.     

Hemodynamic monitoring by intracardiac impedance measured by cardiac resynchronization defibrillators: Evaluation in a controlled clinical setting (BIO.Detect HF II study)

BackgroundIn patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT-Ds), intracardiac impedance measured by dedicated CRT-D software may be used to monitor hemodynamic changes. We investigated the relationship of hemodynamic parameters assessed by intracardiac impedance and by echocardiography in a controlled clinical setting.MethodsThe study enrolled 68 patients (mean age, 66 ± 9 years; 74% males) at 12 investigational sites. The patients had an indication for CRT-D implantation, New York Heart Association class II/III symptoms, left ventricular ejection fraction 15%–35%, and a QRS duration ≥150 ms. Two months after a CRT-D implantation, hemodynamic changes were provoked by overdrive pacing. Intracardiac impedance was recorded at rest and at four pacing rates ranging from 10 to 40 beats/min above the resting rate. In parallel, echocardiography measurements were performed. We hypothesized that a mean intra-individual correlation coefficient (r_mean) between stroke impedance (difference between end-systolic and end-diastolic intracardiac impedance) measured by CRT-D and the aortic velocity time integral (i.e., stroke volume) determined by echocardiography would be significantly larger than 0.65.ResultsThe hypothesis was evaluated in 40 patients with complete data sets. The r_mean was 0.797, with a lower confidence interval bound of 0.709. The study hypothesis was met (p = 0.007). A stepwise reduction of stroke impedance and stroke volume was observed with increasing heart rate.ConclusionsIntracardiac impedance measured by implanted CRT-Ds correlated well with the aortic velocity time integral (stroke volume) determined by echocardiography. The impedance measurements bear potential and are readily available technically, not requiring implantation of additional material beyond standard CRT-D system.     

Indexes of assessing N availability in sewage sludges

Biological and chemical methods were used in an attempt to estimate N availability in sewage sludges. The two biological methods, i.e. maize plants grown in pots, and soil-sludge mixtures incubated at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks, and the four chemical methods, i.e. autoclave, 0.5 M KMnO₄, pepsin and 0.6 M HCl, were compared to determine N availability in twelve sewage sludges in a given soil. In the mineralization test, the aerobically treated sewage sludges gave higher mineralization rates than the anaerobically treated wastes. The simple correlation between available N, estimated from the plant N uptake during 6 weeks and N extracted by chemical methods showed that HCl and pepsin appeared to be the better single indexes. Prediction of availability of N in sewage sludges to plants in the growth chamber improved if N mineralized during the incubation period and extracted by several chemical methods were combined in a multiple regression analysis.