鹤山南亚热带草坡生态系统的热量平衡

本文以广东鹤山丘陵综合试验站草坡为研究对象,分析了鹤山南亚热带草坡的能量平衡特征,主要结果如下：1．辐射平衡的各分量中,蒸发散耗热占净辐射的74.7％,其年变化幅度较大;湍流热通量占净辐射的21．2％,其月变化没有明显的规律,波动较大,土壤热通量与其它分量相比,其比重要小得多。2．虽然鹤山年幅射量和降雨量较多,但水热条件有几个月配合欠佳,使得草坡的净辐射能有90％以上用于地面以上植被和空气湍流交换所消耗,小气候条件较差,影响了这一生态系统的生产潜力的发挥。3．太阳辐射透过大气层以后,仅有4775．2MJm-2a-1左右的辐射能到达草坡,草坡反射了822．5MJm-2a-1,其净幅射收人为2915．6MJm-2a-1,净辐射收人中又有2077．8MJm-2a-1用于蒸散作用,618.1MJm-2a-1用于湍流热交换,87．5MJm-2a-1用于土壤热交换,植被贮热约38.8MJm-2a-1;用于净光合作用耗热93．4MJm-2a-1。     

长白山阔叶红松林生长季热量平衡变化特征

根据长白山阔叶红松林2001年5月下旬至10月上旬微气象梯度观测资料和辐射、土壤热通量资料,用波文比-能量平衡方法(BREB方法)计算了森林的显热通量和感热通量,并计算了森林大气和植被体的储热量,分析了阔叶红松林热量平衡各项的日变化和季节变化,结果发现,热量平衡(净辐射)与太阳总辐射呈线性关系;热量平衡各项都与净辐射有相同的日变化特征,为昼正夜负的曲线．各项的绝对值一般表现为净辐射>潜热通量>感热通量>储热变化．受日照时间的影响,6～10月各分量正值的日持续时间逐渐缩短．月平均结果,白天净辐射6月份最大,10月上旬最小,变化于0～527W·m^-2,夜间的净辐射在0～-121W·m^-2．潜热通量白天和夜间分别在0～441、0～-81W·m^-2,感热通量昼夜分别在0～80、0～-26W·m^-2．储热变化则为0～44、0～-26W·m^-2．白天潜热通量占净辐射的比例8～10月逐渐下降,而感热通量和储热变化的比例9～10月明显上升,特别在严霜后2～3d,出现潜热通量比例突减、感热通量比例突增的现象．文中还对通量观测仪器、方法进行了简要分析．     

人热休克蛋白gp96基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达与纯化

热休克蛋白gp96是热休克蛋白90家族成员,能够引起非特异性和特异性免疫反应。得到大量高纯度的蛋白质是研究开发gp96的关键。然而重组的gp96容易在E．coli中降解,并在一定条件下形成多聚体。实验先将人gp96基因克隆到pET-30a载体上并在E．coli Blstar中表达,再经过亲和层析、阴离子交换、分子筛分别纯化gp96。最终去掉了大部分的降解片段和多聚体,得到一定量的可溶性gp96,为进一步研究其结构和功能打下一定的基础。     

Changes in anti-heat shock protein 27 antibody and C-reactive protein levels following cardiac surgery and their association with cardiac function in patients with cardiovascular disease

The relationship between serum anti-heat shock protein (Hsp)27 antibody and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and indices of cardiac function were investigated in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or heart valve replacement. The changes in anti-Hsp27 antibody titers and hs-CRP levels were compared among patients undergoing off-pump and on-pump CABG or valvular heart replacement. Fifty-three patients underwent off-pump, on-pump CABG, and heart valvular replacement in each group. Serum anti-Hsp27 titers and hs-CRP values were measured 24 h before and after the operation and at discharge. Echocardiography was performed before surgery and before discharge. The results were compared with values from 83 healthy controls. hs-CRP levels increased and anti-Hsp27 antibody decreased following surgery (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), although these changes were independent of operative procedure (P = 0.361 and P = 0.120, respectively). Anti-Hsp27 antibody levels were higher at the time of discharge (P = 0.016). Only in coronary patients were anti-Hsp27 antibody levels negatively associated with E/E′ (r = −0.268, P = 0.022), a marker of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. In conclusions, anti-Hsp27 antibody levels are associated with indices of cardiac function in coronary patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass had no significant effect on the induction of changes in anti-Hsp27 levels. Moreover, anti-Hsp27 antibody levels fell in all groups postoperatively; this may be due to the formation of immune complexes of antigen–antibody, and antibody levels were higher at the time of discharge.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12192-012-0358-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

菜心耐羟脯氨酸初选系的耐热性

分析了离体筛选出的一个菜心耐羟脯氨酸选择系的脯氨酸含量和耐热性。Hypr01比原品种六十天特青有较高的游离脯氨酸含量：35℃热胁迫下Hypr01中有显著的游离脯氨酸含量增加,为六十天特青的4倍和耐热品种四九菜心的近2倍。与对照相比,在35℃下连续培养的Hypr01愈伤组织表现出更强的活力和根的分化能力,鲜重增量明显加大：相对电解质渗出率、愈伤组织褐变程度和MDA含量低：SOD、CAT活性较高。在人工气候箱模拟栽培高温逆境下,Hypr01再生苗生长优于未经选择的六十天特青,并具较低的电解质渗出率和较高的鲜重增长,说明有较强的耐热性。     

HSP90 mRNA在胃癌和大肠癌中表达的研究

目的为探讨胃癌和大肠癌细胞HSP90 mRNA表达的特点.方法利用核酸原位杂交技术,对79例胃肠癌组织进行检测.结果表明HSP90 mRNA在胃癌和大肠癌中的阳性率分别为55.56%(15/27)和69.23%(36/52).mRNA表达与病理类型、分化程度和有否淋巴结转移有相关性.结论 HSP90 mRNA在胃肠癌中有较高表达,检测HSP90 mRNA可以作为提示预后的重要临床指标.     

Melatonin supplementation can ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat stress on performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail

Melatonin, the major pineal hormone, modulates growth in poultry by influencing hormones involved in growth. We investigated the effects of dietary melatonin supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, and excretion of nitrogen and some minerals in broiler Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high-ambient-temperature stress (34°C). One hundred twenty Japanese quails (10 d old) were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were kept in either an environment-controlled room at a constant 22°C or were kept at 22°C for 16 h/d and at 34°C for 8 h/d (9:00 am to 5:00 pm). At both temperatures birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 40 mg of melatonin per kilogram of diet. The experiment lasted for 32 d. Melatonin improved feed efficiency in both temperatures groups compared with their corresponding controls. Although feed intake was similar in all groups, the improvement in feed efficiency was more noticable in melatonin-fed quails kept at high temperature (p<0.01). Supplemental melatonin significantly increased live weight gain and carcass characteristics under stress conditions (p<0.01) but did not show the same effect at thermoneutral conditions (p>0.05). Heat exposure increased excretion of N, Ca, P, Zn, Fe, and Cr and decreased retention rates for them. Dietary melatonin supplementation returned these values to normal (p<0.01). No interactions between melatonin and temperature were found in the parameters measured. The results of the study show that melatonin supplementation attenuated the retardation in performance as well as the excretion of minerals caused by heat stress in broiler quails. Our data suggest that melatonin might offer protection against heat-stress-related depression in the performance of broiler quails.     

叶绿体H^＋—ATP酶在平板脂双层上重组及其质子传导的研究

从菠菜(Spinacia oleracea Mill.)叶中分离获得H~ -ATP酶(CF_0-CF_1)复合体。将CF_0-CF_1重组于平板脂双层上,在电压钳位下,研究CF_0～CF_1的质子传导性能,观察到:(1)当CF_0-CF_1重组于平板脂双层上后,平板膜电阻由10～20GΩ立即下降到1GΩ左右。(2)溶液中蛋白质(CF_0-CF_1)浓度在2mg/L下可记录到单通道电流的涨落,单位电导约在5～10pS。(3)通道电流随膜两侧ΔpH变化而改变,在ΔpH为2～4时,膜电流随ΔpH增加而增大,在ΔpH为4.5时膜电流呈现回落。(4)质子传导抑制剂Dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide(DCCD)显示出迅速地且不可逆地阻断通道电流。(5)无金属离子的溶液中,跨膜(BLM)的ΔpH为3时,在0～ 150mV钳位下,镁离子比钙离子所引起的CF_0-CF_1的通道电流要大得多。以上结果不仅表明CF_0-CF_1已成功地组装于人工膜上,而且也显示出镁离子直接参与了质子传导过程。     

基于重采样技术的肌电信号动作电位传导速度估计研究

目的：本文针对表面肌电（sEMG）信号探讨动作电位传导速度（APCV）估计问题。方法：以生理学仿真sEMG信号为基础,采用基于互相关分析的时延估计技术来获取相应的APCV估计值,并利用重采样技术来提高估计的精度。结果：实验表明。针对重采样后的仿真信号,其APCV的估计误差得到了明显降低。结论：所采用方法能够有效获取满意的APCV估计效果。