全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1481篇 |
免费 | 82篇 |
国内免费 | 132篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 24篇 |
2022年 | 60篇 |
2021年 | 67篇 |
2020年 | 49篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 55篇 |
2017年 | 39篇 |
2016年 | 30篇 |
2015年 | 35篇 |
2014年 | 75篇 |
2013年 | 165篇 |
2012年 | 49篇 |
2011年 | 96篇 |
2010年 | 72篇 |
2009年 | 60篇 |
2008年 | 66篇 |
2007年 | 95篇 |
2006年 | 71篇 |
2005年 | 62篇 |
2004年 | 48篇 |
2003年 | 44篇 |
2002年 | 35篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 19篇 |
1997年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 17篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1695条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Noor Khalidah Abdul Hamid Peace Onas Somdare Khadijah Abdullah Md Harashid Nurul Ain Othman Zulhisyam Abdul Kari Lee Seong Wei Mahmoud A.O. Dawood 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2022,29(5):3911
The purpose of this experiment was to examine the potential use of Carica papaya leaf extract as a supplement to promote growth and improve feed utilization in red hybrid tilapia. Five diets were formulated containing isolipidic (80 g/kg) and isonitrogenic (350 g/kg) levels. All feeds contained similar types and amounts of raw materials but differed in the inclusion of papaya leaf extract (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 g/kg feed). The initial size of fish used was 2.3 ± 0.01 g. Each diet was performed in triplicate tanks, and the feeding period was 12 weeks. Fish fed diet containing 2% papaya leaf extract (PLE) had the highest final weight, 31.14 ± 1.47 g, followed by 1% PLE (27.27 ± 1.75 g). These two diets (1% and 2%) were also showed significant improvements of weight gain, SGR, and feed efficiency of the red hybrid tilapia (p < 0.05). However, papaya leaf extract did not affect the HSI, VSI, PER, digestive enzymes activity, blood composition, and survival rate. Supplementing the diets with papaya leaf extract lowered serum urea. Findings of this research suggest that adding papaya leaf extract to the diet of red hybrid tilapia improves growth and feed efficiency without adversely affecting blood parameters. Therefore, an inclusion level between 1% and 2% of the papaya leaf extract is recommended as a feed additive to promote red hybrid tilapia fry growth. 相似文献
102.
毕赤酵母发酵生产中的水蛭素降解顺序 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
水蛭素 (rHV2 Lys4 7)是一个具有 65个氨基酸的抗凝活性肽。在毕赤酵母高密度发酵分泌表达过程中 ,发酵上清中可检出 4个水蛭素活性组份 ,分别为Hir65及其C 末端切除 1~ 3个氨基酸的Hir64、Hir63和Hir62。但目前 4种组份间的衍生关系还不清楚 ,以从发酵上清液中纯化分离所得的 4个组份作为底物 ,加入到菌体裂解液中 ,发现Hir64、Hir63和Hir62组份是由羧肽酶依次降解Hir65肽链C 末端 1个氨基酸后的产物。 相似文献
103.
William T. Evanochko Ted T. Sakai Thian C. Ng N.Rama Krishna Hyun Dju Kim Robert B. Zeidler Vithal K. Ghanta R.Wallace Brockman Lewis M. Schiffer Paul.G. Braunschweiger Jerry D. Glickson 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Molecular Cell Research》1984,805(1):104-116
Perchloric acid extracts of radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF-1) tumors grown in mice have been analyzed by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and by various chromatographic methods. This analysis has permitted the unambiguous assignment of the 31P resonances observed in vivo to specific phosphorus-containing metabolites. The region of the in vivo spectra generally assigned to sugar phosphates has been found in RIF-1 tumors to contain primarily phosphorylethanolamine and phosphorylcholine rather than glycolytic intermediates. Phosphocreatine was observed in extracts of these tumor cells grown in culture as well as in the in vivo spectra, indicating that at least some of the phosphocreatine observed in vivo arises from the tumor itself and not from normal tissues. In the 31P-NMR spectra of the perchloric acid extract, resonances originating from purine and pyrimidine nucleoside di- and triphosphate were resolved. HPLC analyses of the nucleotide pool indicate that adenine derivatives were the most abundant components, but other nucleotides were present in significant amounts. The 1H and 13C resonance assignments of the majority of metabolites present in RIF-1 extracts have also been made. Of particular importance is the ability to observe lactate, the levels of which may provide a noninvasive measure of glycolysis in these cells in both the in vivo and in vitro states. In addition, the aminosulfonic acid, taurine, was found in high levels in the tumor extracts. 相似文献
104.
Arginine vasopressin stimulates Na+-K+-ATPase activity located in the rat thick ascending limb of s'Henle loop. Mammalian hypothalamus appears to produce a factor capable of inhibiting Na+-K+-ATPase activity in a variety of tissues. The effect of a purified rat hypothalamic extract with and without AVP on rat renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity was evaluated by a cytochemical technique. The hypothalamic extract alone failed to affect basal Na+-K+-ATPase activity throughout renal segments after 10 min exposure. Na+-K+-ATPase activity stimulated by AVP (1–10 fmol l?1) for 10 min was inhibited by rat hypothalamic extract over the concentration range 10?7–10?3 U ml?1 in a dose-dependent manner. Complete inhibition of AVP-stimulated Na+-K+-ATPase activity occurred at a hypothalamic extract concentration of 10?3 U ml?1. Only Na+-K+-ATPase activity located in the renal medullary thick ascending limb was influenced by the rat hypothalamic extract. 相似文献
105.
Ginseng and the seed of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa, which are traditional Chinese medicinal materials, were often used in ancient Chinese recipes as a pair of medicines. They can replenish the primordial qi and tonify the spleen. This study investigated the effects of ginseng and the seed of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (GS) extract on gut microbiota diversity in rats with spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS). A total of 52 compounds (including 16 flavonoids, 35 saponins, and 1 alkaloid) were identified and analyzed from the GS extract by UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS/MS. The GS extract significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in rats with SDS but decreased that of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, the GS extract significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in rats with SDS but decreased that of Streptococcus, Escherichia‐Shigella, Veillonella, and Enterococcus. In addition, the GS extract influenced glucose and amino acid metabolism. In summary, the results showed that the GS extract changed the structure and diversity of gut microbiota in rats with SDS and balanced the metabolic process. 相似文献
106.
107.
Hassan A. Hemeg Ihab M. Moussa Sherin Ibrahim Turki M. Dawoud Jwaher H. Alhaji Ayman S. Mubarak Saleh A. Kabli Roua A. Alsubki Azza M. Tawfik Sherif A. Marouf 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2020,27(12):3221-3227
This study evaluates the antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of five herbal plants; Guava (Psidium guajava), Sage (Salvia officinalis), Rhamnus (Ziziphusspina Christi), Mulberry (Morusalba L.), and Olive (Oleaeuropaea L) leaves against several microbial population representing Gram positive, Gram negative and Mollicutes; S. aureus, E. coli, Pasteurella multocida, B. cereus, Salmonella Enteritidis and M. gallisepticum using standard agar disc diffusion technique and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Different extracts reveal variable results against the microorganism under study. All extracts have no antibacterial potency for Mycoplasma gallisepticum except Psidium guajava. The results of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts against the six bacteria ranged from 625 to 5000 μg/ml. The used herbal extract could inhibit the selected microorganism under study with variable minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 相似文献
108.
Ra Mi Woo Min Gu Park Jae Young Choi Dong Hwan Park Jun Young Kim Minghui Wang Hyun Ji Kim Soo Dong Woo Jae Su Kim Yeon Ho Je 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2020,144(7):655-663
Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are effective alternatives to chemical insecticides because of their specificity and low environmental toxicity. Entomopathogenic fungi are an important natural pathogen of insects and have been developed as biological control agents. They produce a wide range of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, pesticides, growth-promoting or inhibiting compounds and insect attracting agents. In this study, to explore novel IGR substances from entomopathogenic fungi, culture extracts of 189 entomopathogenic fungi isolated from Korean soil samples were investigated for their juvenile hormone (JH)-based IGR activities. Whereas none of the culture extracts exhibited JH agonist (JHA) activity, 14 extracts showed high levels of JH antagonist (JHAN) activity. Among them, culture extract of JEF-145 strain, which was identified as Lecanicillium attenuatum, showed the highest insecticidal against Aedes albopictus and Plutella xylostella. At liquid culture condition, JHAN activity was observed in culture soup rather than mycelial cake, indicating that substances with JHAN activity are released from the JEF-145 strain during culture. Furthermore, while extract from solid cultured JEF-145 strain showed insecticidal activities against both A. albopictus and P. xylostella, that from liquid cultured fungi showed insecticidal activity only against A. albopictus, indicating that L. attenuatum JEF-145 strain produces different kinds of secondary metabolites with JHAN activity depending on culture conditions. These results suggested that JHAN substances derived from entomopathogenic fungi could be usefully exploited to develop novel eco-friendly IGR insecticides. 相似文献
109.
为了探究外来红树植物拉关木对乡土红树植物的化感作用,该研究观察了不同浓度(0.1、0.3、0.5g·mL~(-1))的拉关木根、叶水浸提液对乡土红树植物桐花树和正红树的胚轴(种子)萌发、幼苗生长及叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)拉关木水浸提液对桐花树种子的成苗率、萌发指数和根长均存在抑制作用,其中对根长的抑制作用随水浸提液浓度的提高而增强。(2)根水浸提液对桐花树幼苗的根长、苗高、生物量等生长指标的影响总体上均表现为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制。(3)拉关木水浸提液对正红树胚轴的萌发率、萌发指数、生长指标均表现为促进作用,且根水浸提液0.1、0.3 g·mL~(-1)处理组的芽长以及根、叶水浸提液0.1、0.3 g·mL~(-1)处理组的生物量显著大于对照组;拉关木水浸提液对正红树幼苗的生物量也表现为促进作用。(4)抗性生理方面,随着拉关木水浸提液浓度的升高,桐花树和正红树幼苗SOD活性降低,正红树幼苗POD活性在根水浸提液0.3 g·mL~(-1)和叶水浸提液0.1 g·mL~(-1)处理组显著高于对照组。以上结果表明,不同乡土植物对拉关木化感作用的敏感性不同,拉关木水浸提液抑制了桐花树的生长,而对正红树的生长则表现出一定程度的促进作用。 相似文献
110.
谷子秸秆不同部位水浸液对3种杂草的化感作用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过测定种子萌芽期生物学指标和盆栽苗期生理指标,研究谷子不同部位(叶片、茎秆)不同浓度(原液、10倍稀释液、50倍稀释液、100倍稀释液)浸提液对反枝苋、藜、狗尾草3种谷田恶性杂草的化感作用。结果表明: 谷子叶片、茎秆水浸提液对3种杂草均存在显著化感作用,且不同浓度浸提液化感作用存在差异,总体表现为原液有抑制作用,稀释液(10、50、100倍)有促进作用。叶片、茎秆浸提液原液处理下,反枝苋、藜、狗尾草的发芽率分别下降了63.9%、37.3%和41.7%,根长仅为对照的27.8%、37.8%和18.4%,芽长仅为对照的34.5%、27.7%和17.6%,净光合速率为对照的66.6%、89.9%和88.2%,蒸腾速率为对照的69.0%、87.5%和56.1%,原液对3种杂草的综合化感效应指数为-0.699、-0.716和-0.795,表现出较强的化感抑制作用。稀释液处理下化感促进作用随稀释倍数增加呈先上升后下降趋势,其中50倍稀释液促进作用最强,3种杂草的发芽率、根长和芽长均与对照达到差异显著水平,综合化感效应指数分别为0.261、0.217和0.165。谷田伴生杂草大量生长与谷子秸秆中化感物质淋溶有关。 相似文献