Transcriptional analysis of Pieris rapae in response to P. rapae granulovirus

Pieris rapae granulovirus (PrGV) is an important pathogen that has been exploited as a microbial insecticide to control agriculture pests. They can specifically infect cabbage butterfly (Pieris rapae), causing a series of pathological symptoms. In this infected P. rapae at 6?h and 72?h. As a result, a series of host genes were significantly modulated following PrGV infection, including those correlated with exoskeleton, ribosome, heat shock protein (HSP), proteasome, oxidation-reduction and apoptosis. Taken together, our study unveiled the P. rapae response to PrGV at different time point and provided a potential strategy for pest management.     

Karyology of eight species of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Hainan Island,China

Karyotypes and chromosomal data are presented for eight bat species representing two families (Rhinolophidae and Vespertilionidae) from Hainan Island, China. The species investigated were Rhinolophus lepidus (2n = 62, FN = 60), R. pusillus (2n = 62, FN = 60), R. affinis (2n = 62, FN = 60), R. sinicus (2n = 36, FN = 60), Myotis horsfieldi (2n = 44, FN = 52), Pipistrellus abramus (2n = 26, FN = 44), Miniopterus australis (2n = 46, FN = 50) and M. schreibersii (2n = 46, FN = 50). The karyotype of Rhinolophus lepidus is reported for the first time.     

海南岛4市县人群口腔假丝酵母菌分布情况的初步调查

目的：调查海南岛海口、三亚市、五指山市和保亭县四市县人群口腔假丝酵母菌的分布情况,为口腔假丝酵母菌分子生物学和遗传学特点研究提供基础资料。方法：分离出的假丝酵母菌经过菌落特征、制片乳酸酚棉蓝染色、芽管形成试验、厚膜孢子形成试验等初步鉴定,并用科玛嘉显色培养基培养确定。结果：海口、三亚市、五指山市和保亭县人群口腔假丝酵母菌总分离率为25．23％．其中白假丝酵母菌占54．48％,光滑假丝酵母菌占14．04％,热带假丝酵母菌占11．06％,克柔假丝酵母菌占9．36％。住院病人和健康人口腔假丝酵母菌的分离率分别为39．95％和11．61％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,结论：海南地区人群口腔假丝酵母菌的总分离率高于国内其它省份,分离出的假丝酵母菌以白假丝酵母菌为首位,病人口腔假丝酵母菌分离率明显高于健康人。     

海南岛尖峰岭热带森林中几种雀形目鸟的移动

从 2 0 0 0年 5月— 2 0 0 2年 3月 ,用网捕 -环志法和固定样点法研究海南岛尖峰岭几种雀形目鸟的移动和行为。共调查样点 4 89个 ,记录到鸟类 137种。张网 6 4 2 6网小时 ,环志 4 1种 4 2 8只鸟。 8种 2 9只鸟被回收 32次 ,总回收率为 7 5 %。棕颈钩嘴鹛 (Pomatorhinusruficollis)、灰眶雀鹛 (Alcippemorrisonia)等 6种鸟活动高度多在 3m以下 ;白喉冠鹎 (Alophoixuspallidus)在 3 1～ 10 0m活动最频繁 ;银胸丝冠鸟 (Serilophuslu natus)活动高度在 3m以上。灰眶雀鹛的个体移动距离最大 ,为 115 0m ;银胸丝冠鸟平均移动距离最长 ,为6 5 0m。尖峰岭热带森林林下鸟以食虫鸟为主 ,食虫鸟移动的平均距离为 4 4 2 3m (n =2 7) ;而白喉冠鹎等食果鸟大多在环志点附近活动。鸟类移动的平均距离与植被类型有关 :在热带山地雨林原始林中的移动距离最大 ,为 6 86 5m (n =13) ;在热带常绿季雨林中的移动距离最小 ,为 89 6m (n =5 ) ;两者之间存在极显著差异(F3 ,2 8=5 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。鸟类移动的平均距离与翅长显著相关 (r =0 84 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,但与体重相关不显著(r=0 79,P >0 0 5 )。尖峰岭热带森林林下食虫鸟的活动范围较大 ,要保护好海南岛热带森林林下鸟 ,保存海南岛连片的大面积森林非常重要。     

Composition of mixed‐species flocks and shifts in foraging location of flocking species on Hainan Island,China

A total of 134 bird species were recorded at Jianfengling, Hainan Island, in China from May 2000 to September 2004, of which 44 participated in one or more of 134 mixed‐species flocks. These flocks averaged 3.8 ± 0.2 species and 20.3 ± 1.2 individuals. Flocking propensity in a given species ranged from 1.5 to 100%. For flocking species, frequency of flocking and number of individuals in flocks was positively correlated with frequency and number in point counts. Among all species pairs with flocking frequency above 5%, cluster and correlation analysis indicated there were two principal groups of flocking birds – canopy species and understorey species: associations were positive within a group, but negative between groups. Canopy birds had a higher flocking propensity than understorey birds. They also made significantly less use of inner branches and trunks and greater use of middle branches, and foraged at a significantly greater height when in mixed‐species flocks than when solitary. For understorey bird species, there were no significant differences in foraging locations between solitary and mixed‐species flocks. Higher flocking frequency occurred in the wet season for canopy birds, but in the dry season for understorey birds. Overall patterns were consistent with the explanation that flocking enables an expansion of foraging niche by reducing the risk of predation.     

海南七仙岭7种卷柏属植物的微观形态与生境间的关系分析

为探讨生境对卷柏属(Selaginella)植物微观形态的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜对海南七仙岭采集的7种卷柏属植物的侧叶、中叶、孢子叶的叶表皮形态以及小孢子形态进行全面观察分析,并计算气孔器大小、气孔密度、孢子大小等,比较分析其微观形态的区别及微形态与生境间的关系,为卷柏属植物的分类提供依据。结果显示:(1)同种卷柏属植物的侧叶、中叶与孢子叶在叶表皮形态上具明显差异,尤其是孢子叶上的气孔与营养叶相对较小且稀疏,与孢子叶的繁殖功能相符合。(2)不同种卷柏属植物的叶表皮特征也明显不同,主要表现在叶缘刺、气孔和瘤状突起上,表明这些特征可以作为卷柏属植物种间区分的依据。(3)卷柏属植物的小孢子形态稳定,纹饰多样;部分种间的小孢子形态相似,但可通过纹饰类型、裂缝的曲直进行区分。(4)琼海卷柏的小孢子具有独特的网状纹饰,暗示其具有独特的演化途径。(5)卷柏属植物叶表皮的气孔特征、瘤状突起特征,小孢子的颜色、纹饰,与海拔、生境的湿度有一定的相关性,但其形成机理有待进一步研究。     

海南岛2种蝎子地理分布及生境分析

通过调查细尖狼蝎Lychas mucronatus和澳链尾蝎Liocheles australasiae在海南岛的分布,获得了植被和土壤类型,部分土壤湿度,以及分布地的海拔高度等数据。对数据进行分析,可以看出,细尖狼蝎在全岛大部分地区均有分布,澳链尾蝎集中分布于岛的东南部;两者基本分布于低海拔地区;澳链尾蝎可以生存的环境空间较广阔,而澳链尾蝎对环境条件的要求要高一些,需要在一定植被类型、土壤类型和湿度以及一定的海拔范围内才能生存。     

QTL mapping of grain weight in rice and the validation of the QTL qTGW3.2

A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population bred from a cross between a javanica type (cv. D50) and an indica type (cv. HB277) rice was used to map seven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for thousand grain weight (TGW). The loci were distributed on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 10. The chromosome 3 QTL qTGW3.2 was stably expressed over two years, and contributed 9–10% of the phenotypic variance. A residual heterozygous line (RHL) was selected from the RIL population and its selfed progeny was used to fine map qTGW3.2. In this “F₂” population, the QTL explained about 23% of the variance, rising to nearly 33% in the subsequent “F_2:3” generation. The physical location of qTGW3.2 was confined to a ~ 556 kb region flanked by the microsatellite loci RM16162 and RM16194. The region also contains other factors influencing certain yield-related traits, although it is also possible that qTGW3.2 affects these in a pleiotropic fashion.     

海南文昌维管植物区系特征分析

采用全面踏查结合文献研究的方法,对海南文昌地区维管植物组成、区系成分、分布区类型进行了研究。结果显示,文昌地区共计有维管束植物201科777属1397种,其中蕨类植物31科46属67种,种子植物170科731属1330种;野生种子植物634属1183种(包括珍稀濒危植物25种,海南特有种49种)。在属级水平上,文昌植物区系以热带成分占绝对优势,热带、亚热带成分占非世界分布总属数的93.23%。在种级水平上,热带亚洲成分和中国特有成分是该地区植物区系的主要组成部分,其中热带亚洲分布及其变型的分布种最多,占非世界广布种的47.26%;中国特有种占非世界广布种的12.01%。此外,村落风水林保存了大量当地珍稀植物和古树名木,对当地生物多样性保护具有重要意义,建议当地政府加强对村落风水林的保护。