脓毒症患者血清H2S、GDF-15、PTX-3水平与凝血功能、炎症指标及病情评分的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨脓毒症患者血清硫化氢（H₂S）、生长分化因子-15（GDF-15）、穿透素-3（PTX-3）水平与其凝血功能、炎症指标及病情评分的相关性。方法：随机选取我院2018年2月～2020年2月收治的脓毒症患者52例作为脓毒症组,另选取我院同期收治的脓毒症休克患者46例作为休克组以及同期于我院进行体检的健康者50例作为对照组。检测三组血清H₂S、GDF-15、PTX-3水平以及凝血功能、炎症指标,其中凝血功能指标包括血小板计数（PLT）、部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）。炎症指标包括降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）。采用急性生理学和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）、快速序贯器官功能（qSOFA）评分对脓毒症组、休克组患者病情进行评分。分析血清H2S、GDF-15、PTX-3与患者凝血功能、炎症指标及病情评分的相关性。结果：脓毒症组、休克组的血清H₂S、PLT均低于对照组,且休克组低于脓毒症组（P＜0.05）。脓毒症组、休克组的血清GDF-15、PTX-3、APTT、PT、FIB、PCT、CRP均高于对照组,且休克组高于脓毒症组（P＜0.05）。脓毒症组APACHEⅡ、qSOFA评分均显著低于休克组（P＜0.05）。血清H2S与PLT呈正相关（P＜0.05）,与APTT、PT、FIB、PCT、CRP、APACHEⅡ评分、qSOFA评分呈负相关（P＜0.05）。血清GDF-15、PTX-3与PLT呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与APTT、PT、FIB、PCT、CRP、APACHEⅡ评分、qSOFA评分呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：脓毒症患者的血清H₂S明显下降,而血清GDF-15、PTX-3增高,三者与凝血功能、炎症以及病情评分均存在密切关联,这可能是影响脓毒症进展的重要原因之一。     

miR-92a-3p和miR-25-3p海绵上调Kiss1并影响雌性小鼠的青春期启动及动情周期

下丘脑Kiss1神经元产生的神经肽kisspeptin通过影响促性腺激素释放激素的分泌,参与青春期的启动、生殖系统的成熟以及排卵等过程的神经内分泌调节.Kiss1基因的表达受到包括多种反式调控因子及表观遗传的调控.预测与前期研究表明,miR-92a-3p、miR-25-3p的种子序列能够与Kiss1的3'-UTR直接结...     

在静态和动态培养条件下杂交瘤细胞的生长和代谢

通过对WuT3杂交瘤细胞在静态和动态培养条件下的比较,发现细胞生长和代谢有很大不同。在静态培养条件下,细胞培养周期较长,细胞密度较高;但在动态培养条件下,细胞代谢更加旺盛,葡萄糖、氨基酸等营养物质的消耗加快,乳酸、氨、丙氨酸等代谢产物的比生成速率较大。     

Beta‐lapachone inhibits pathological retinal neovascularization in oxygen‐induced retinopathy via regulation of HIF‐1α

Retinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the most common cause of blindness for children. Despite evidence that hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‐1α ‐VEGF axis is associated with the pathogenesis of ROP, the inhibitors of HIF‐1α have not been established as a therapeutic target in the control of ROP pathophysiology. We investigated the hypothesis that degradation of HIF‐1α as a master regulator of angiogenesis in hypoxic condition, using β‐lapachone, would confer protection against hypoxia‐induced retinopathy without affecting physiological vascular development in mice with oxygen‐induced retinopathy (OIR), an animal model of ROP. The effects of β‐lapachone were examined after intraocular injection in mice with OIR. Intraocular administration of β‐lapachone resulted in significant reduction in hypoxia‐induced retinal neovascularization without retinal toxicity or perturbation of developmental retinal angiogenesis. Our results demonstrate that HIF‐1α–mediated VEGF expression in OIR is associated with pathological neovascularization, not physiological angiogenesis. Thus, strategies blocking HIF‐1α in the developing eye in the pathological hypoxia could serve as a novel therapeutic target for ROP.     

Phylogeography of Padina boryana (Dictyotales,Phaeophyceae) around the Thai-Malay Peninsula

The Indo-Pacific Ocean is a biodiversity hotspot for marine organisms. In this area, most of the research has focused on marine animals, such as reef fish, molluscs and other associated coral fauna, but very little has been done on macroalgae. The Thai-Malay Peninsula is an important north–south barrier in this area, which faces two different oceans – the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. This study aims to investigate genetic distribution patterns of Padina boryana Thivy around the Thai-Malay Peninsula, where it is common. Three DNA marker regions, the mitochondrion-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 gene (cox3); the plastid rbcL, and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) were used to evaluate genetic diversity and the relationships within and between populations. Samples were collected from both the Andaman Sea and Gulf of Thailand sides of the peninsula. Parsimony networks and maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses showed clearly that there are two separated P. boryana lineages, one restricted to the Gulf of Thailand and the other to the Andaman Sea and other areas of the Indo-Pacific. The effect of different ocean currents along the Andaman Sea and Gulf of Thailand may have shaped these populations of P. boryana. This phylogeographic separation, based on persistent currents in the area, may affect other marine organisms along the Thai peninsula.     

Drosophila RecQ5 is involved in proper progression of early spermatogenesis

RecQ5, a member of the conserved RecQ DNA helicase family, is required for the maintenance of genome stability. The human RECQL5 gene is expressed ubiquitously in almost all tissues, with strong expression in the testes (Shimamoto et al., 2000). However, it remains to be elucidated in which cells RecQ5 is expressed and how RecQ5 functions in the testes. In this present study we analyzed the expression of RecQ5 in Drosophila testes. The RecQ5 protein was specifically expressed in germline cells in larval, pupal, and adult testes. Drosophila RecQ5 was localized in nuclei of male germline stem cells, spermatogoniablasts, spermatogonia, and early spermatocytes. As growth of the early spermatocyte proceeded, the amount of RecQ5 increased in the nuclei. However, before maturation of the spermatocyte, the level of RecQ5 declined. Thus, RecQ5 expression was regulated. Furthermore, we compared recq5 mutant testes with the wild-type ones. The most conspicuous alterations were swelling of the apical region of and an increase in the number of spermatocytes in the recq5 testis, suggesting a relative accumulation of spermatocytes in the recq5 mutant testes. Therefore, Drosophila RecQ5 may contribute to the proper progression from germline stem cells to spermatocytes for maintenance of genome stability.     

Imaging Intracellular Ca2+ Signals in Striatal Astrocytes from Adult Mice Using Genetically-encoded Calcium Indicators

Astrocytes display spontaneous intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration fluctuations ([Ca²⁺]_i) and in several settings respond to neuronal excitation with enhanced [Ca²⁺]_i signals. It has been proposed that astrocytes in turn regulate neurons and blood vessels through calcium-dependent mechanisms, such as the release of signaling molecules. However, [Ca²⁺]_i imaging in entire astrocytes has only recently become feasible with genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) such as the GCaMP series. The use of GECIs in astrocytes now provides opportunities to study astrocyte [Ca²⁺]_i signals in detail within model microcircuits such as the striatum, which is the largest nucleus of the basal ganglia. In the present report, detailed surgical methods to express GECIs in astrocytes in vivo, and confocal imaging approaches to record [Ca²⁺]_i signals in striatal astrocytes in situ, are described. We highlight precautions, necessary controls and tests to determine if GECI expression is selective for astrocytes and to evaluate signs of overt astrocyte reactivity. We also describe brain slice and imaging conditions in detail that permit reliable [Ca²⁺]_i imaging in striatal astrocytes in situ. The use of these approaches revealed the entire territories of single striatal astrocytes and spontaneous [Ca²⁺]_i signals within their somata, branches and branchlets. The further use and expansion of these approaches in the striatum will allow for the detailed study of astrocyte [Ca²⁺]_i signals in the striatal microcircuitry.     

Discovery of (1R,6S)-5-[4-(1-cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-phenyl]-3,4-diaza-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-2-one (R,S-4a): Histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist demonstrating potent cognitive enhancing and wake promoting activity

A series of fused cyclopropyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-one (3,4-diaza-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-2-one) phenoxypiperidine analogs was designed and synthesized, leading to the identification of (1R,6S)-5-[4-(1-cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-phenyl]-3,4-diaza-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-2-one (R,S-4a) as a second-generation pyridazin-3-one H₃R antagonist. Compound R,S-4a was a potent H₃R functional antagonist in vivo in the rat dipsogenia model, demonstrated potent wake activity in the rat EEG/EMG model, and enhanced short-term memory in the rat social recognition memory model at doses as low as 0.03–0.3 mg/kg po.     

Comparative study of the antioxidant activity of the essential oils of five plants against the H2O2 induced stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The purpose of this work was to investigate the protective effect of five essential oils (EOs); Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Origanum compactum Benth., Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Ocimum basilicum L.; against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The chemical composition of the EOs was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated and the protective effect of EOs was investigated. Yeast cells were pretreated with different concentrations of EOs (6.25–25 µg/ml) for an hour then incubated with H₂O₂ (2 mM) for an additional hour. Cell viability, antioxidants (Catalase, Superoxide dismutase and Glutathione reductase) and metabolic (Succinate dehydrogenase) enzymes, as well as the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl content (PCO) were evaluated. The chemical composition of EOs has shown the difference qualitatively and quantitatively. Indeed, O. compactum mainly contained Carvacrol, O. basilicum was mainly composed of Linalool, T. vulgaris was rich in thymol, R. officinalis had high α-Pinene amount and for E. globulus, eucalyptol was the major compound. The EOs of basil, oregano and thyme were found to possess the highest amount of total phenolic compounds. Moreover, they have shown the best protective effect on yeast cells against oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂. In addition, in a dose dependent manner of EOs in yeast medium, treated cells had lower levels of LPO, lower antioxidant and metabolic enzymes activity than cells exposed to H₂O₂ only. The cell viability was also improved. It seems that the studied EOs are efficient natural antioxidants, which can be exploited to protect against damages and serious diseases related to oxidative stress.