Characterization of eight polymorphic microsatellite loci from the Bengalese finch (Lonchura striata var. domestica)

Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from the Bengalese finch (Lonchura striata var. domestica). In analyses of 25 individuals, the number of alleles ranged from two to four, and observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.05 and 0.73. At four loci, the observed heterozygosity of the Bengalese finches was significantly different from the expected heterozygosity. Primer sets were also tested in Javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides), and the same eight loci were successfully amplified. In analyses of 20 unrelated individuals, the number of alleles ranged from one to seven, and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.56. In Javan munia, the observed heterozygosity differed significantly from the expected heterozygosity in only one locus.     

毛果猴子木的胚胎学观察及山茶属胚胎学特征比较

首次报道了毛果猴子木 ( Cam ellia yunnanensis( Pitard ex Diels) Cohen Stuart var. camellioides( H u)Ming)雌雄配子体的形成和发育过程 ,并对业已报道的 8种山茶属植物的主要胚胎学特征进行了比较。结果显示 ,胚胎学性状在山茶属内具有较大的相似性 ,腺质绒毡层、同时型小孢子母细胞减数分裂、二细胞成熟花粉、倒生胚珠、双珠被、薄珠心、单孢原、合点端功能大孢子、葱型胚囊发育等特征为各代表种共有 ,主要的不同在于珠被绒毡层的有无、卵器和反足细胞的分化情况。笔者初步推测了这些差异在系统演化上的意义。     

射干和马蔺的花粉形态

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜 ,对射干和马蔺的花粉粒进行了观察与研究。二者的花粉粒均为长球形 ,左右对称 ,不等极 ,具单沟 (远极沟 ) ,射干花粉粒外壁网状饰纹较粗 ,网脊稍弯曲 ,网胞大 ,网眼中有颗粒 ;马蔺花粉粒外壁网状饰纹较细 ,网脊平滑 ,网胞小 ,网眼中无颗粒。     

Development of microsatellite markers in white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica)

Betula platyphylla var. japonica is a typical pioneer tree species in the secondary succession in northern Japan. We describe the cloning and characterization of 13 polymorphic, codominant microsatellite loci isolated from this species. These polymorphic loci had 2–8 alleles per locus and a range of expected heterozygosities from 0.050 to 0.808.     

气相色谱/质谱法研究栀子花头香成分

The floral volatiles of Gardenia jasminodes vat. grandiflora were investigated by adsorption wire/GC/MS. As a result 86 compounds were separated and determined, which amount to 98.5% of the total volatiles. The main compounds were linalool, β-myrcene, methyl benzoate, L-limonene, ocimene, cis-3-hexenyl tiglate, cis-3-hexenylisovalerate, iso-amyltiglate, etc.     

Quantitative variation in monoterpenes in four species of conifers

Eighteen monoterpenes found in bole and foliage volatiles of four sympatric species of conifers, Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm., interior spruce, Picea engelmannii×glauca, and interior fir, Abies lasiocarpa×bifolia, in three locations in British Columbia, Canada, were analysed for quantitative variation (N=10 trees per sample) using standard and chiral gas chromatography. There was significant variation in monoterpene composition between bole and foliage in all four species. Principal components analysis revealed that the monoterpene profile of coastal Douglas-fir was significantly different from trees in the interior, supporting the hypothesis that coastal and interior populations represent distinct chemotypes. Although the four species did not differ qualitatively, there were significant differences in their quantitative monoterpene profiles in both bole and foliage. These differences were large enough to suggest that host selection by four species of coniferophagous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), specific to each of the above tree species, may depend in part on perception of, and behavioural response to quantitatively distinct blends of monoterpenes.     

Gracilaria vermiculophylla: A western Pacific species of Gracilariaceae (Rhodophyta) first recorded from the eastern Pacific

We report Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenfuss from the Pacific coast of North America based on a morphoanatomical revision and comparison of sequences of the nuclear gene coding for the small subunit of ribosomal RNA and the internal transcribed spacers of populations from Baja California, Mexico and Hiroshima, Japan. It is the first convincing report of this species out of its center of distribution in western north Pacific, where it has been considered as a synonym of former ‘G. verrucosa’ records. G. vermiculophylla also occurs in central California as indicated by internal transcribed spacer sequences of a previously unknown Gracilaria Greville material. In the northeastern Pacific G. vermiculophylla is characterized by a robust somewhat vermiform, well‐branched cylindrical thallus, with gradual cell size transition from cortex to medulla, deep spermatangial conceptacles, regular chains of carposporangia and carposporangial initials, downwardly oriented tubular nutritive cells, but rarely with upwardly oriented tubular nutritive cells. In some features of its cystocarp anatomy G. vermiculophylla is related to Gracilariopsis E. Y. Dawson or Hydropuntia Montagne and it is a relevant species for discussions about Gracilariaceae genera.     

甘蓝分子连锁图的构建与品质性状的QTL定位

以两个不同生态型甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var．capitata)品种杂交得到的F2代为作图群体,用RAPD标记构建甘蓝分子连锁图。通过对520个随机引物进行筛选,236个引物在两亲本间表现多态性,多态性比例为47．7％。选取111个引物对群体进行分析,构建了一张含有135个标记位点,9个连锁群,覆盖长度为1023．7cM的分子连锁图。利用该图谱对甘蓝叶球紧实度和中心柱长两性状进行了QTL定位分析。检测到3个与叶球紧实度相关的QTL,总贡献率为62．5％;检测到4个与中心柱长相关的QTL,总贡献率为59．1％。     

Raffaelea quercivora sp. nov. associated with mass mortality of Japanese oak, and the ambrosia beetle (Platypus quercivorus)

 A hyphomycete consistently isolated from dead oak trees (Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica var. grosseserrata) attacked by the ambrosia beetle Platypus quercivorus in Japan is described and illustrated as Raffaelea quercivora sp. nov. The new species is characterized by having small obovoid to pyriform sympodioconidia and slender, long conidiophores that taper to a point. The fungus has been isolated from the body surfaces and mycangia of the beetle. It is likely that the fungus was transferred to oak trees by P. quercivorus. Received: August 20, 2001 / Accepted: March 14, 2002     

Hyaloscyphaceae in Japan (7): <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hyaloscypha albohyalina</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">monodictys </Emphasis>var. nov.

 Hyaloscypha albohyalina var. monodictys, a new variety in the family Hyaloscyphaceae, Helotiales with Monodictys anamorph is described and illustrated. Received: June 26, 2002 / Accepted: July 27, 2002 Present address: Strategic Product Portfolio Department, Sankyo Co., Ltd., 3-5-1 Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8426, Japan Tel. +81-3-5255-7040 (Ext. 2528); Fax +81-3-5255-7086 e-mail: hosoya@hq.sankyo.co.jp Correspondence to:T. Hosoya