Dracunculiasis in South Indian bonnet monkey

Dracunculiasis, popularly known as Guinea worm disease, has been eradicated from Tamil Nadu, India, and there have been no indigenous cases reported since 1981. This report describes a female bonnet monkey with dracunculiasis. She presented with fever and a blister in left hind limb. The blister ruptured on exposure to water and a 7-cm-long worm was extruded. The worm died before it could be histologically examined. The diagnosis was based on the typical clinical course, which was pathognomonic of dracunculiasis. Review of literature did not reveal any previous report of dracunculiasis in South Indian bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata). This paper raises the question whether wild monkeys might act as reservoirs of human infection and cause resurgence of the disease in South India. Animal experiments were approved by the ethical committee of our institute and animal maintenance was according to the recommendations of the Canadian Council for Experimental Animal Care and the Laboratory Animal Science Association of India.     

A finite-difference electromagnetic deposition/thermoregulatory model: comparison between theory and measurements

The rate of the electromagnetic energy deposition and the resultant thermoregulatory response of a block model of a squirrel monkey exposed to plane-wave fields at 350 MHz were calculated using a finite-difference procedure. Noninvasive temperature measurements in live squirrel monkeys under similar exposure conditions were obtained using Vitek probes. Calculations exhibit reasonable correlation with the measured data, especially for the rise in colonic temperature.     

Establishment and characterization of a new,spontaneously immortalized,pancreatic ductal cell line from the Syrian golden hamster

Spontaneously immortal pancreatic cell lines are not available. By use of a defined culture medium, such a line (TAKA-1) was established from the Syrian golden hamster. Cytological, cytogenetic, molecular biological, enzymatic and receptor patterns as well as antigenicity were studied and were compared with those of the normal hamster pancreatic ductal cells in vivo. TAKA-1 cells grew exponentially in a monolayer on collagen gel in a defined medium but did not proliferate in soft agar. Ultrastructurally, the cells closely resembled the normal hamster pancreatic ductal cells. Similarities and dissimilarities were found between the normal ductal cells and TAKA-1 cells. Similarities included the presence of cytokeratin, carbonic anhydrase and some tumor-associated antigens. However, unlike the normal ductal cells, TAKA-1 cells expressed blood group A angigen and anti-vimentin, showed affinity to selected lectins, and an abnormality of chromosome 3, which is suggested to be associated with immortality. Moreover, unlike the hamster pancreatic ductal cancer cells but like the normal hamster pancreatic ductal cells, TAKA-1 cells did not have a c-Ki-ras mutation. EGF, TGF- and secretin, but not CCK or GRP, bound to the TAKA-1 cells. TAKA-1 cells produced TGF-, and their growth was stimulated by exogenous EGF in serum-free medium. This cell line presents a suitable model for biologic and pathologic study of the hamster pancreatic ductal cells in vitro.     

金双歧辅助治疗小儿扁桃体炎的随访观察

目的探讨通过随访观察金双歧辅助治疗小儿扁桃体炎患儿的远期效果。方法选取2013年1月至2014年7月在本院儿科住院诊断为扁桃体炎患儿300例,采用随机数字表法,按入院先后顺序分为对照组和观察组,对照组常规给予抗生素(包括抗病毒药)和(或)对症治疗;观察组在对照组治疗的基础上,给予金双歧口服辅助治疗,出院后继续服用金双歧4周;两组患儿分别在出院后1个月、2个月、3个月均进行电话随访,3个月后均通过家庭访视进行观察,比较两组患儿出院后发生呼吸道感染和肠道感染的差异。结果观察组患儿在出院后3个月内呼吸道感染和肠道感染的发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论出院扁桃体炎患儿继续服用金双歧,可提高患儿机体免疫力,降低呼吸道和肠道感染的发生率;随访为观察患儿出院后健康状态,进行健康指导以及收集资料的重要手段。     

Isolation and Characterization of a Free Gibberellin and Glucosyl Esters of Gibberellins in Mature Seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris

Treatment of N⁶,N⁶,5′-O-tribenzoyl-2′,3′-O-isopropylidenetubercidin (VI) with aqueous acetic acid afforded N⁶,5′-O-dibenzoyltubercidin (V), which was mesylated to yield the dimesylate X. On treatment of X with sodium iodide and zinc dust, the 2′,3′-unsaturated derivatives of tubercidin XI and XIII were obtained.

N⁶,5′-O-Dibenzoyltubercidin 2′,3′-thionocarbonate (XIV), prepared from V by treatment with Corey-Winter reagent, was converted to the 1-methyl-2′,3′-unsaturated derivative XV in refluxing trimethyl phosphite.     

人胚DA能神经元移植于帕金森氏病猴模型的TH免疫细胞化学的研究

为了对人胚黑质ＤＡ神经元移植治疗ＰＤ人的临床应用作出客观评估,将８－１２周人胚黑质细胞移植到用ＭＰＴＰ诱发的偏侧ＰＤ猴新纹状体内。实验动物分别存活２个月、５个月和１年后,用ＴＨ免疫细胞化学方法对被移植的人胚ＤＡ细胞的存活和与宿主间的突触联系进行检查。在光镜下可见被移植侧的新纹状体内有ＴＨ阳性细胞,它们成小群散在分布,每小群有３－１０个细胞。ＴＨ阳性细胞的轴突延伸到整个新纹状体,树突呈现出正常发育过     

EV71灭活疫苗（人二倍体细胞）在恒河猴婴猴模型中的免疫保护性分析

肠道病毒71型作为引起儿童群体常见传染性手足口病（HFMD）的主要病原,具有导致少量感染个体出现脑炎等神经系统病变以及相关心肺功能衰竭的病理学特性．因此其预防性疫苗的研发具有重要的公共卫生意义．在前期工作的基础上,一种EV71灭活病毒疫苗（人二倍体细胞）在本研究中基于恒河猴婴猴模型进行了相应的免疫保护性分析．以160EU剂量对2～3月龄婴猴进行0,4周免疫后,动物在第4周接受了剂量为10。～CCID50的病毒经呼吸道的攻击．对病毒攻击后动物在14天内的临床症状、血液生物学、器官病原学分布以及病理学检测的动态观察表明,经疫苗免疫的动物未出现对照动物所具有的特征性临床表现,其血液生物学及病理学检测均无异常．同时,器官病原学分布亦呈阴性．结合动物中和抗体的明确增长及对照动物的综合表现分析,本文的工作证实了该EV71灭活病毒疫苗（人二倍体细胞）在恒河猴婴猴体内的免疫保护性．     

Isolation of low-copy-number sequences that neighbor satellite DNA in mammals

To investigate the role of satellite DNA in eukaryotic genomes, we isolated from an African green monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) genomic library cloned segments containing the previously described deca-satellite linked to low-copy-number genomic sequences. Three such clones were obtained. The low-copy-number sequences in the three clones do not cross-hybridize suggesting that they derive from different genomic loci. The structure of one of the clones, λAMkA, is described in detail. Subcloned segments containing the low-copy-number sequences from λAMkA anneal to monkey, human and mouse genomic DNA. The subcloned probes were used to select clones containing homologous sequences from a second, independent monkey library as well as from human and mouse genomic libraries. Several of the newly isolated monkey clones hybridized to probes containing the species-specific deca- and -satellites, confirming the genomic association of the low-copy-number sequence in λAMkA with satellite DNA. Moreover, several of the human and mouse clones hybridized to species-specific human and mouse satellite DNAs, respectively. These experiments indicate that the low-copy-number sequence in λMkA and its association with satellite DNA is conserved in primates and rodents.     

微生态制剂预防老年抗生素相关性腹泻的临床研究

目的 评价预防性应用微生态制剂(金双歧)在老年人抗生素相关性腹泻中的作用.方法 2010年5月至2013年2月应用抗生素的住院老年患者55例纳入观察对象,随机分为2组,预防组28例,给予微生态制剂双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片(金双歧)4片,3次/d,连续服用7～l0d;对照组27例,腹泻患者给予给予思密达3.76 g,3次/d.观察两组发生抗生素相关性腹泻情况,并进行肠道菌群分析.结果 预防组腹泻发生率、腹泻次数、腹泻持续时间与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组腹泻病例的大便培养及常规检查无异常,大便涂片检查出现细菌计数减少或大便杆球菌比失调;预防组粪检结果杆球比例倒置、细菌计数减少、真菌感染例数等与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片(金双歧)可预防和减少老年人抗生素相关性腹泻的发生,减轻腹泻症状.     

Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) complex learning skills reassessed

Results from three experiments on basic learning and transfer in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are reported in which fully automated testing paradigms, afforded by the Language Research Center's Computerized Test System (LRC-CTS), were employed. Performance levels for discrimination learning set, transfer index, and mediational-learning testing were uniformly higher than was predicted from the literature, in contrast to previous reports of compromised learning under similar conditions (automated apparatus, planimetric stimuli, spatial discontiguity between stimuli and response loci). Analyses reveal relatively advanced learning set performance, transfer-index ratios, and positive transfer of learning even at stringent criterion levels. Moreover, the data suggest that rhesus monkeys tested in these experiments exhibit mediational instead of associative learning strategies, as do great apes and in contrast to previous reports of rhesus learning. We argue that the LRC-CTS enhances learning by nonhuman primate subjects, obviating those factors, reported in the literature from experiments in which manual or other automated systems were employed, that compromise learning.