兰花菌根菌分泌物成分的初步分析

通过对福建密花石斛（Dendrobium densiflorum）菌根进行分离、纯化并回接、鉴定得到镰孢菌属（Fusarium sp.）菌1株,对根菌培养液和菌丝抽提物进行分析,发现分泌物中含有B族维生素的B2、B6和Bc（叶酸）,菌丝内含有维生素B2、B6,并发现兰花根菌菌丝内含有并向外分泌植物激素－－赤霉素。     

The rate of folding dictates substrate secretion by the Escherichia coli hemolysin type 1 secretion system

Secretion of the Escherichia coli toxin hemolysin A (HlyA) is catalyzed by the membrane protein complex HlyB-HlyD-TolC and requires a secretion sequence located within the last 60 amino acids of HlyA. The Hly translocator complex exports a variety of passenger proteins when fused N-terminal to this secretion sequence. However, not all fusions are secreted efficiently. Here, we demonstrate that the maltose binding protein (MalE) lacking its natural export signal and fused to the HlyA secretion signal is poorly secreted by the Hly system. We anticipated that folding kinetics might be limiting secretion, and we therefore introduced the "folding" mutation Y283D. Indeed this mutant fusion protein was secreted at a much higher level. This level was further enhanced by the introduction of a second MalE folding mutation (V8G or A276G). Secretion did not require the molecular chaperone SecB. Folding analysis revealed that all mutations reduced the refolding rate of the substrate, whereas the unfolding rate was unaffected. Thus, the efficiency of secretion by the Hly system is dictated by the folding rate of the substrate. Moreover, we demonstrate that fusion proteins defective in export can be engineered for secretion while still retaining function.     

狂犬病病毒糖蛋白的杆状病毒表达及其免疫原性研究

构建表达狂犬病病毒SRV9株糖蛋白(GP)的重组杆状病毒,评价其表达出的SRV9株糖蛋白对小鼠免疫效果。将狂犬病病毒SRV9株GP基因的完整开放阅读框克隆入穿梭质粒Bacmid中,构建重组穿梭质粒Bacmid-G,以此转染Sf9细胞。对病变细胞培养物进行电镜观察,获得正确重组杆状病毒后,通过Western-blot、IFA及小鼠免疫实验鉴定表达产物的免疫反应性及免疫原性。正确构建重组穿梭质粒Bacmid-G;获得表达SRV9株糖蛋白的重组杆状病毒,其表达产物具有良好免疫原性;表达产物接种小鼠可诱导其产生抗狂犬病病毒中和抗体,中和抗体达到保护水平的比例为100%。本实验所获得的重组杆状病毒表达出的SRV9株糖蛋白具有较好的免疫原性,可诱导小鼠产生保护性中和抗体,该实验为进一步开发狂犬病亚单位疫苗奠定了基础。     

抗GPNMB单克隆抗体的制备及双抗体夹心ELISA方法的建立

目的:制备抗GPNMB单克隆抗体,建立双抗体夹心ELISA检测GPNMB在胶质母细胞瘤中的表达情况.方法:以新鲜胶质母细胞瘤组织为材料,提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR扩增得到GPNMB cDNA序列,经NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ双酶切后,克隆入PET-28a(+)进行原核表达,经蛋白纯化得GPNMB-6× His融合蛋白;以该融合蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,淋巴细胞杂交瘤法制备单克隆抗体;采用Western-blot、双抗体夹心ELISA以制备所得的抗GPNMB抗体检测胶质母细胞瘤细胞系U251、U373、SHG44和星形胶质细胞系SVG12中GPNMB的表达.结果:成功构建了GPNMB原核表达载体,获得了GPNMB-6×His重组蛋白;制备得到了G203、F105和M306共3株抗GPNMB的单克隆抗体,腹水ELISA效价分别为1∶8000、1∶8000、1∶5000,抗体亚类分别为IgG2、IgG1和IgG1,进一步实验证实单克隆抗体G203和M306可用于双抗体夹心ELISA检测不同胶质细胞瘤细胞系中GPNMB的表达.结论:成功制备出抗GPNMB单克隆抗体,效价及特异性良好,并证实GPNMB在胶质母细胞瘤细胞系中高表达,为进一步研究GPNMB在胶质母细胞瘤中的作用奠定了基础.     

Neospora caninum expresses an unusual single-domain Kazal protease inhibitor that is discharged into the parasitophorous vacuole

Serine protease inhibitors have been implicated in viral and parasite pathogenesis through their ability to inhibit apoptosis, provide protection against digestive enzymes in the gut and dictate host range specificity. Two Kazal family serine protease inhibitors from the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii (TgPI-1 and TgPI-2) have been characterised previously. Here, we describe the identification and initial characterisation of a novel Kazal inhibitor, NcPI-S, from a closely related apicomplexan parasite, Neospora caninum. Unlike the multidomain inhibitors identified in T. gondii, NcPI-S is a single domain inhibitor bearing a methionine in the position (P1) that typically dictates specificity for target proteases. Based on this, NcPI-S was predicted to inhibit elastase, chymotrypsin and subtilisin. However, we found that recombinant NcPI-S inhibited subtilisin very well, with little or no activity against elastase or chymotrypsin. NcPI-S localises to the dense granules and is secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole. Finally, antibodies raised against recombinant NcPI-S recognise two polypeptides in an N. caninum lysate, one with a molecular mass approximately 11 kDa and another at approximately 20 kDa. This, along with mass spectrometry analysis of recombinant NcPI-S, suggests that the inhibitor is expressed as a dimer in the parasite.     

中国不同来源狂犬病病毒野毒株G基因主要功能区的序列分析

对我国不同来源的狂犬病病毒野毒株８２０２、ＢＲＶ、ＭＲＶ的Ｇ基因４０５￣１１４６位核苷酸序列,进行了逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）扩增、克隆和序列测定,并应用计算机对这３个毒株的测定序列和已发表的中国人源毒株（ＣＧＸ８９）的相应序列进行了分析比较。结果表明,这４个中国不同来源狂犬病病毒的Ｇ基因同源性较低,８２０２与ＢＲＶ的核苷酸同源性只有７９．５％,与ＭＲＶ的氨基酸同源性亦只有８２．２％;同     

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Prokaryotic Peptide: N-GLYCOSIDASE FROM ELIZABETHKINGIA MENINGOSEPTICA*

Peptide:N-glycosidase (PNGase) F, the first PNGase identified in prokaryotic cells, catalyzes the removal of intact asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains from glycoproteins and/or glycopeptides. Since its discovery in 1984, PNGase F has remained as the sole prokaryotic PNGase. Recently, a novel gene encoding a protein with a predicted PNGase domain was identified from a clinical isolate of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. In this study, the candidate protein was expressed in vitro and was subjected to biochemical and structural analyses. The results revealed that it possesses PNGase activity and has substrate specificity different from that of PNGase F. The crystal structure of the protein was determined at 1.9 Å resolution. Structural comparison with PNGase F revealed a relatively larger glycan-binding groove in the catalytic domain and an additional bowl-like domain with unknown function at the N terminus of the candidate protein. These structural and functional analyses indicated that the candidate protein is a novel prokaryotic N-glycosidase. The protein has been named PNGase F-II.     

Pre‐staining of glycoprotein in SDS‐PAGE by the synthesis of a new hydrazide derivative

In this study, a new hydrazide derivative (UGF202) was synthesized and introduced as a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe to pre‐stain glycoproteins in 1D and 2D SDS‐PAGE. As low as 0.5–1 ng glycoproteins (transferrin, α1‐acid glycoprotein, avidin) could be selectively detected, which is comparable to that of Pro‐Q Emerald 300 stain, one of the most sensitive and commonly used glycoprotein staining kit. In addition, the specificity of the newly developed method was confirmed by the study of de‐glycosylation, glycoproteins affinity enrichment and LC‐MS/MS, respectively. According to the results, it is concluded that UGF202 pre‐stain can provide an alternative for the visualization of gel‐separated glycoproteins.     

人源抗菌肽LL-37在毕赤酵母中的高效表达及其活性检测

根据GenBank CAA86115中的LL-37氨基酸序列,选择毕赤酵母偏好密码子,采用SOE 方法合成了人源抗菌肽LL-37基因.所合成的LL-37基因全长为141 bp,并在其N端引入kex2裂解位点,以保证表达抗茵肽具有天然N端.基因克隆入pPICZα-A质粒,构建分泌型重组酵母表达载体pPICZα-A-LL-37.pPICZα-A-LL-37经Sac Ⅰ酶切线性化后电转化导入毕赤酵母菌株X-33.PCR鉴定为阳性的酵母转化子经甲醇诱导分泌LL-37于发酵上清液,其表达量为206mg/L.表达产物LL-37耐热性强,在100℃条件下40 min内抗茵活性不变,煮沸3 h以上仍具有活性.琼脂糖孔穴扩散法检测显示LL-37对多种革兰氏阴性茵和阳性菌均具有很好的抑制活性,其对金黄色葡萄球菌Cowan I (Staphylococcus aureus)、致病性大肠杆菌K99(Enteropathogenic E.coli)和鸡白痢沙门氏菌(Salmonella pullorum)的最小抑菌浓度(Minimal Inhibitory Concentration,MIC)分别为1.56 μg/mL、3.12 μg/mL和1.56 μg/mL.     

Profiling the Bisecting N-acetylglucosamine Modification in Amniotic Membrane via Mass Spectrometry

Bisecting N-acetylglucosamine(GlcNAc), a GlcNAc linked to the core β-mannose residue via a β1,4 linkage, is a special type of N-glycosylation that has been reported to be involved in various biological processes, such as cell adhesion and fetal development. This N-glycan structure is abundant in human trophoblasts, which is postulated to be resistant to natural killer cellmediated cytotoxicity, enabling a mother to nourish a fetus without rejection. In this study, we hypothesized that the human ...