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591.
Mycorrhizal infection of Abutilon theophrasti Medic, increased seed quality and resultant offspring performance, but the improvement varied significantly with the timing of seed production. In general, offspring from mycorrhizal plants were superior to offspring from non-mycorrhizal plants, but the difference was greatest for the early cohort of seeds. Because increased seed size and quality can affect subsequent offspring competitive ability, increased variability in seed size and quality due to mycorrhizal infection may have an important impact on population dynamics of A. theophrasti. 相似文献
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Summary Tomato plants were inoculated withGlomus fasciculatus mycorrhizal fungi while growing in sand through which recycled nutrient solution was automatically passed several times daily. Concentration of P and N in the solution were maintained at relatively low levels. Roots of inoculated plants became highly infected with mycorrhizal fungi, and yield parameters were significantly increased with inoculation over uninoculated control plants. 相似文献
595.
Summary This paper examines competition between three VA endophytes places respectively as “inoculant” fungus in an inner compartment
(300 ml) below the germinating seed, and as “indigenous” fungus in an outer compartment (900 ml). Previously prepared infested
soil was used as source of the endophytes. Inner and outer compartment roots were harvested separately and percentage infection
determined for each fungus, using diagnostic anatomical features of each fungus. Changes in colonisation patterns were followed
up to 4 and 5 months. Treatments with non-infested soil in the outer compartment were used to compare infectivity and spread
of the different endophytes.
All three endophytes were able to invade soil already colonised by either of the other two, butGlomus fasciculatum (E3) was more invasive thanGlomus tenue. This pattern appeared to be related to rates of spread of the fungi in the non-infested soil. The pattern was not affected
by host, clover or sorghum, or by position, immediately below the seed or in the outer compartment.
It seemed that the endophyte in the inner compartment had overriding and persistent effects on plant growth, unrelated to
its dominance pattern or share of overall root infection at the later harvests. 相似文献
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Growth and gas exchange responses of Hevea brasiliensis seedlings to inoculation with Glomus mosseae
I. Schwob Mireille Ducher Huguette Sallanon Alain Coudret 《Trees - Structure and Function》1998,12(4):236-240
The beneficial effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on plant growth is well known, but the physiological processes
involved are still discussed. The purpose of this study was to determine if Glomus mosseae affects the growth of Hevea brasiliensis seedlings and, if it is the case, if it could be associated with variations in leaf CO2 and H2O gas exchange. H. brasiliensis rubber trees were grown for 9 months in a medium containing either propagules of G. mosseae or sterilized inoculum. Plant size, root collar diameter and leaf area, as well as net CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance (gs) and water-use efficiency of photosynthesis were evaluated during the first 5 stages of growth. At stage 2, a growth depression
occurred in the mycorrhizal seedlings coincident with the first AM infections. Then, at stage 5, Glomus mosseae-inoculated plants had moderate colonization (47% of root length) and were taller than control plants with a larger root collar
diameter and an enhanced leaf organogenesis. This enhanced growth was accompanied by increased photosynthesis, transpiration,
and stomatal conductance. After 9 months, dry weights of shoots and roots of inoculated plants were greater than those of
controls by 27 and 17%, respectively.
Received: 10 May 1997 / Accepted: 9 September 1997 相似文献
599.
Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) colonization can alter transpiration of host leaves, but scientists remain unclear
about the mechanisms involved. We tested whether intact root systems were required to observe effects of root colonization
by Glomus intraradices on leaf transpiration, or whether some VAM influence resided in leaves even after they were detached from root systems. We
measured the transpiration of detached leaves of VAM and nonmycorrhizal plants exposed to different levels of several substances
known to influence stomata locally or act in whole-plant regulation of transpiration: abscisic acid, calcium, phosphorus,
and hydrogen ions. In rose, some VAM influence on transpiration resided in leaves, even after they had been separated from
their root systems. However, removing leaves from their root systems eliminated the VAM influence on stomatal behavior of
cowpeas.
Accepted: 22 June 1998 相似文献
600.