不同温度条件下香水文心兰花香气的成分分析及感官评定

Flower aromatic components and their relative contents of Oncidium Sharry Baby ‘Sweet Fragrance ’ at full flowering stage under conditions of 10 ℃, 20 ℃ and 30 ℃ were analyzed by solid phase micro-extr...     

中国东北圆柏属新品种——直立型偃柏

发表了圆柏属一新品种,即直立型偃柏（Sabina chinensis（L.）Ant. var. sargentii ‘Electus’）。新品种为直立的灌木或小乔木;叶两型鳞叶交互对生或生于小枝顶部,针叶刺状轮生,紧贴枝上,具有强烈分枝的特点,枝条斜上。     

Increasing turbidity significantly alters the diet of brown trout: a multi‐year longitudinal study

The stomach contents of adult brown trout Salmo trutta from Lake Sorell, Tasmania, were analysed during 6 years of increasing turbidity to follow changes in the diet associated with dramatic changes in water clarity. Brown trout were sampled from 1996, when turbidity was 26 NTU, to 2001 when turbidity was 141 NTU. The mean relative volume of stomach contents decreased progressively to 2001, by which time it was only one sixth of that in 1996, and the mean diversity of prey in stomachs decreased from an average of more than six species per stomach in 1996 to one species in 2001. The species composition of stomach contents shifted from domination by the phreatoicid isopod Colubotelson sp., to the galaxiid fish Galaxias auratus and the amphipod Austrochiltonia australis , and then the cladoceran Daphnia carinata . To give an indication of diet changes over a typical yearly cycle in the current turbid state of the lake, a sample was taken from each season from December 2000 to September 2001. Two basic diets were found during the year; brown trout specialized on D. carinata in summer and autumn, and G. auratus in winter and spring. Mean diversity of prey was less than two species per stomach in all samples from 2000 to 2001, except for the sample from spring 2001 when it was 2·2 species per stomach, and the mean relative volume of stomach contents was more than three times greater in winter than any other season. The ways in which high turbidity may have influenced the changes in the brown trout diet observed since 1996 and the patterns evident during the seasons of 2000–2001 are discussed.     

Molecular genetic diversity and differentiation of populations of ‘somnus’ passion fruit trees (Passiflora setacea DC): Implications for conservation and pre-breeding

The ‘somnus’ passion fruit tree (Passiflora setacea) is native to the ‘Cerrado’ and ‘Caatinga’ biomes in Brazil and possesses agrobiological and commercial traits of interest. Studies examining the nature of genetic variability in natural populations are important for the utilization of these traits in conservation and breeding programs. In this study, we analyzed 12 populations of P. setacea from different locations distributed in three agro-ecological zones within the Bahia state of Brazil. Eleven ISSR primers and four pairs of RGA primers were used to assay 109 and 49 unique and reproducible loci, of which 108 (99%) and 49 (100%) were polymorphic. Although the level of genetic diversity in ‘somnus’ passion fruit trees was greater than that observed for other species of the same genus, preferential collection of certain populations, such as those located in the cities of Vitória da Conquista and Licinio de Almeida, is important when considering the fact that ‘somnus’ passion fruit trees occur in areas that are highly disturbed. This disturbance is primarily due to the deployment of pasture, predatory extraction and accelerated urban expansion. An analysis of molecular variance revealed a balance between the estimated genetic variation within and among populations. These data may be useful for developing strategies for preservation of this species in the Cerrado.     

梅花‘南京红’花色色素花色苷的分子结构

经特殊颜色反应、纸层析、紫外 -可见光谱、高效液相色谱、气相色谱和核磁共振波谱分析表明 :梅花‘南京红’花色色素的 3种主要花色苷分别是 :花青素 3 氧 (6″ 氧 α 吡喃型鼠李糖基 β 吡喃型葡萄糖 )苷 ,花青素 3 氧 (6″ 氧 没食子酰 β 吡喃型葡萄糖 )苷和花青素 3 氧 (6″ 氧 反式阿魏酰 β 吡喃型葡萄糖 )苷。花青苷在根本上决定着‘南京红’的粉红色花色 ,并可能强化‘南京红’的耐寒能力 ,也奠定了开发和利用该种花色色素的基础。     

Pursuit of proteomic excellence and the excitement in Košice,Slovakia, at the 11th Central and Eastern European Proteomic Conference (CEEPC)

The Central and Eastern European Proteomic Conference (CEEPC) successfully launched its second decade of proteomics in Ko?ice, Slovakia with a program of systems biology, cellular, clinical, veterinary and sports proteomics. Whilst many conferences are struggling to attract participants, CEEPC with its outstanding track record and unique ‘family – feel’ packaged with excellent ambiance is thriving and bringing together proteomics experts from academia, industry, scientific specialties, clinics and precision medicine communities interested in resolving mysteries about protein functionalities in health and disease. CEEPC is also renowned for addressing humanitarian global healthcare issues, may it be ageing, chronic diseases or global epidemics. This year CEEPC intertwined with Ko?ice Peace Marathon’s pursuit of excellence in sports and initiatives including sports medicine and global peace.     

中山杉及其父母本幼苗对干旱胁迫和复水的响应

本文研究了落羽杉和墨杉及其杂交后代中山杉302(落羽杉♀×墨杉♂)、中山杉407(墨杉♀×落羽杉♂)、回交代中山杉118(中山杉302♀×墨杉♂)在自然干旱胁迫和复水过程中,光合特征、抗氧化酶系统和形态特性等的响应.结果表明:随干旱时间的延长,所有植株的净光合速率逐渐降低、脯氨酸开始积累且抗氧化酶系统逐渐清除丙二醛的毒性.胁迫至第8天,落羽杉净光合速率的下降幅度最大,而中山杉118的水分利用效率最高、丙二醛含量最少;墨杉的超氧化物歧化酶活性和脯氨酸含量增长最大.复水2 d后,所有植物的参数均有不同程度的恢复,其中,中山杉118恢复速率最快,其净光合速率和脯氨酸含量分别恢复了74.4%和60.2%.复水9 d后,所有植株的测定指标基本恢复至或接近正常水平,其中,中山杉118的生物量未受影响且根冠比显著增加.植物的耐旱能力依次为墨杉>中山杉118>中山杉407>中山杉302>落羽杉.回交品种中山杉118的杂种优势明显,较大程度地遗传了墨杉的耐旱性,该结论可为耐旱中山杉品种的杂交选育和推广应用提供科学依据.     

Ground wētā in vines of the Awatere Valley,Marlborough: biology,density and distribution

The endemic New Zealand ground wētā (Hemiandrus sp. ‘promontorius’) has a Naturally Uncommon conservation status. This is because of the paucity of information on its density and distribution. Here, the biology, density and distribution of a population of this wētā found in and around vineyards in the Awatere Valley, Marlborough was studied. Wētā density was assessed in vineyards, paddocks and shrublands in this valley. Soil moisture, penetration resistance, pH and organic matter were recorded at locations with and without wētā. Wētā density in vineyards was significantly higher than in either paddocks or shrub habitats. In vineyards, the density of this insect was significantly higher under-vines than in the inter-rows. Higher numbers of this wētā were found in moist soils that required lower force to burrow. Females laid an average of 55 eggs between March and April, which hatched in September. These findings highlight the intersection between agriculture and conservation.     

高原鼠兔交配期及交配行为模式的研究

1985至1988年在青海湖黑马河地区,以耳标法对高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)的交配期及交配行为模式进行了研究。该鼠繁殖期一般是从3月底或4月初开始到7月上旬或8月上旬结束,时间长达3-4个月。在繁殖期中有3-5个交配期。配偶间雄鼠对雌鼠有跟随,接吻,嗅吻肛门区和爬跨抚摸一系列反复“求爱”行为。雌鼠呈现“脊椎前凸”和外生殖器反射行为。雄鼠交配时以前肢紧紧夹住雌鼠腰部,3-5次盆部抽动,一次较深的推进即为射精。每次交配时间约3-5秒,多次交配射精。还发现该鼠有临产交配行为。